Beriberi natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, MD[2]
Overview
Untreated beriberi may lead to significant complications as heart failure, limb paresis, and delirium. However, it is an easily treatable condition with rapid improvements on thiamine administration. However, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is largely irreversible and has a poor prognosis. If untreated, children with infantile Beriberi may die shortly or develop long-term motor function abnormalities.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- In infants born to thiamine-deficient mothers, the symptoms may start as early as one month of age.
- The hepatic stores of thiamine last for only 18 days. Lack or deficient consumption leads to gradual appearance of manifestations.
- If left untreated, patients with beriberi may progress to develop heart failure, limb paresis, and delirium. However, thiamine treatment is highly effective and leads to rapid improvements.
Complications
- Common complications of Beriberi include:
Prognosis
- Except for Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (which is largely irreversible), other forms of beriberi are reversible and have good prognosis with rapid recovery within hours of thiamine administration.
- Wet Beriberi is usually more acute than dry beriberi. However, treatment results in normalization of cardiac function and size in few days. Sushin Beriberi may have very poor prognosis if left untreated.[1]
- If untreated, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome has a high mortality rate (around 20%) and long-term neurological complications are common.
- If untreated, children with infantile Beriberi may die shortly or develop long-term motor function abnormalities.[2]
References
- ↑ Lei Y, Zheng MH, Huang W, Zhang J, Lu Y (2018). "Wet beriberi with multiple organ failure remarkably reversed by thiamine administration: A case report and literature review". Medicine (Baltimore). 97 (9): e0010. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000010010. PMC 5851725. PMID 29489643.
- ↑ Harel Y, Zuk L, Guindy M, Nakar O, Lotan D, Fattal-Valevski A (2017). "The effect of subclinical infantile thiamine deficiency on motor function in preschool children". Matern Child Nutr. 13 (4). doi:10.1111/mcn.12397. PMID 28133900.