TRAF4: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''TNF receptor-associated factor 4''' (TRAF4) also known as '''RING finger protein 83''' (RNF83) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''TRAF4'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid7592751">{{cite journal | vauthors = Regnier CH, Tomasetto C, Moog-Lutz C, Chenard MP, Wendling C, Basset P, Rio MC | title = Presence of a new conserved domain in CART1, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein family, which is expressed in breast carcinoma | journal = J Biol Chem | volume = 270 | issue = 43 | pages = 25715–21 |date=Dec 1995 | pmid = 7592751 | pmc =  | doi =10.1074/jbc.270.43.25715  }}</ref><ref name="pmid7490069">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tomasetto C, Regnier C, Moog-Lutz C, Mattei MG, Chenard MP, Lidereau R, Basset P, Rio MC | title = Identification of four novel human genes amplified and overexpressed in breast carcinoma and localized to the q11-q21.3 region of chromosome 17 | journal = Genomics | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 367–76 |date=Jan 1996 | pmid = 7490069 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.1163 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TRAF4 TNF receptor-associated factor 4| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9618| accessdate = }}</ref>
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TRAF4 is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) family, a family of [[scaffold protein]]s.<ref name="pmid11384837">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wajant H, Henkler F, Scheurich P | title = The TNF-receptor-associated factor family: scaffold molecules for cytokine receptors, kinases and their regulators | journal = Cell. Signal. | volume = 13 | issue = 6 | pages = 389–400 |date=June 2001 | pmid = 11384837 | doi = 10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00160-7| url =  }}</ref> TRAF proteins connect [[interleukin-1 receptor|IL-1R]]/Toll and [[tumor necrosis factor receptor|TNF receptors]] with signaling factors that lead to the activation of [[NF-κB]] and [[mitogen-activated protein kinase]]s. However, TRAF4 is not known to interact with TNF receptors and its cellular functions are not well understood.<ref name="pmid17633017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kedinger V, Rio MC | title = TRAF4, the unique family member | journal = Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. | volume = 597 | issue = | pages = 60–71 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17633017 | doi = 10.1007/978-0-387-70630-6_5 | url = | series = Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | isbn = 978-0-387-70629-0 }}</ref>
| update_protein_box = yes
 
| update_summary = yes
== Protein interactions ==
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
TRAF4 has been shown to interact with [[nerve growth factor receptor|neurotrophin receptor]], [[low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor|p75]] (NTR/NTSR1),<ref name="pmid10514511">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ye X, Mehlen P, Rabizadeh S, VanArsdale T, Zhang H, Shin H, Wang JJ, Leo E, Zapata J, Hauser CA, Reed JC, Bredesen DE | title = TRAF family proteins interact with the common neurotrophin receptor and modulate apoptosis induction | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | issue = 42 | pages = 30202–8 |date=October 1999 | pmid = 10514511 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.42.30202| url =  }}</ref><ref name="pmid9626059">{{cite journal | vauthors = Krajewska M, Krajewski S, Zapata JM, Van Arsdale T, Gascoyne RD, Berern K, McFadden D, Shabaik A, Hugh J, Reynolds A, Clevenger CV, Reed JC | title = TRAF-4 expression in epithelial progenitor cells. Analysis in normal adult, fetal, and tumor tissues | journal = Am. J. Pathol. | volume = 152 | issue = 6 | pages = 1549–61 |date=June 1998 | pmid = 9626059 | pmc = 1858434 | doi = | url =  }}</ref> and negatively regulate NTR induced cell death and NF-kappa B activation. This protein has been found to bind to [[neutrophil cytosolic factor 1|p47phox]], a cytosolic regulatory factor included in a multi-protein complex known as [[NAD(P)H oxidase]]. This protein thus, is thought to be involved in the oxidative activation of [[MAPK8]]/JNK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.<ref name="entrez"/>
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = 
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = TNF receptor-associated factor 4
| HGNCid = 12034
| Symbol = TRAF4
| AltSymbols =; CART1; MLN62; RNF83
| OMIM = 602464
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 3173
| MGIid = 1202880
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TRAF4_202871_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_TRAF4_211899_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
  | Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}  
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007585 |text = respiratory gaseous exchange}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030323 |text = respiratory tube development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042981 |text = regulation of apoptosis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 9618
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000076604
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_665694
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_145751
    | Hs_GenLoc_db =   
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 17
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 24095166
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 24101223
    | Hs_Uniprot = Q9BUZ4
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 22032
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000017386
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009423
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033449
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 11
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 77973506
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 77981722
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q8BHD9
  }}
}}
'''TNF receptor-associated factor 4''', also known as '''TRAF4''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TRAF4 TNF receptor-associated factor 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9618| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
A recent report indicates that TRAF4 binds to NOD-Like Receptors NOD1 and NOD2, and specifically inhibits activation of [[NF-κB]] by the activated NOD2-RIP2 complex <ref name="pmid21097508">{{cite journal
{{PBB_Summary
| vauthors = Marinis JM, Homer CR, McDonald C, Abbott DW
| section_title =
| title = A Novel Motif in the Crohn's Disease Susceptibility Protein, NOD2, Allows TRAF4 to Down-regulate Innate Immune Responses
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) family. TRAF proteins are associated with, and mediate signal transduction from members of the TNF receptor superfamily. The encoded protein has been shown to interact with neurotrophin receptor, p75 (NTR/NTSR1), and negatively regulate NTR induced cell death and NF-kappa B activation. This protein has been found to bind to p47phox, a cytosolic regulatory factor included in a multi-protein complex known as NAD(P)H oxidase. This protein thus, is thought to be involved in the oxidative activation of MAPK8/JNK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TRAF4 TNF receptor-associated factor 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9618| accessdate = }}</ref>
| journal = J. Biol. Chem.
}}
| volume = 286 | pages = 1938–1950
| year = 2011
| pmid = 21097508
| doi = 10.1074/jbc.M110.189308
| issue = 3
| pmc = 3023490
}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
{{Clear}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Wajant H, Henkler F, Scheurich P |title=The TNF-receptor-associated factor family: scaffold molecules for cytokine receptors, kinases and their regulators. |journal=Cell. Signal. |volume=13 |issue= 6 |pages= 389-400 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11384837 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Bradley JR, Pober JS |title=Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) |journal=Oncogene |volume=20 |issue= 44 |pages= 6482–91 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11607847 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1204788 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Bradley JR, Pober JS |title=Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs). |journal=Oncogene |volume=20 |issue= 44 |pages= 6482-91 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11607847 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1204788 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Masson R, Régnier CH, Chenard MP, etal |title=Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 4 (TRAF4) expression pattern during mouse development |journal=Mech. Dev. |volume=71 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 187–91 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9507120 |doi=10.1016/S0925-4773(97)00192-5 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tomasetto C, Régnier C, Moog-Lutz C, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of four novel human genes amplified and overexpressed in breast carcinoma and localized to the q11-q21.3 region of chromosome 17. |journal=Genomics |volume=28 |issue= 3 |pages= 367-76 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7490069 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1995.1163 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Zapata JM, Pawlowski K, Haas E, etal |title=A diverse family of proteins containing tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor domains |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 26 |pages= 24242–52 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11279055 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M100354200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Régnier CH, Tomasetto C, Moog-Lutz C, ''et al.'' |title=Presence of a new conserved domain in CART1, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein family, which is expressed in breast carcinoma. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 43 |pages= 25715-21 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7592751 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Régnier CH, Masson R, Kedinger V, etal |title=Impaired neural tube closure, axial skeleton malformations, and tracheal ring disruption in TRAF4-deficient mice |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 8 |pages= 5585–90 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11943846 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.052124799 | pmc=122813 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Masson R, Régnier CH, Chenard MP, ''et al.'' |title=Tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 4 (TRAF4) expression pattern during mouse development. |journal=Mech. Dev. |volume=71 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 187-91 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9507120 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Xu YC, Wu RF, Gu Y, etal |title=Involvement of TRAF4 in oxidative activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 31 |pages= 28051–7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12023963 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M202665200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Krajewska M, Krajewski S, Zapata JM, ''et al.'' |title=TRAF-4 expression in epithelial progenitor cells. Analysis in normal adult, fetal, and tumor tissues. |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=152 |issue= 6 |pages= 1549-61 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9626059 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Glauner H, Siegmund D, Motejadded H, etal |title=Intracellular localization and transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=269 |issue= 19 |pages= 4819–29 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12354113 |doi=10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03180.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ye X, Mehlen P, Rabizadeh S, ''et al.'' |title=TRAF family proteins interact with the common neurotrophin receptor and modulate apoptosis induction. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 42 |pages= 30202-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10514511 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Zapata JM, Pawlowski K, Haas E, ''et al.'' |title=A diverse family of proteins containing tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor domains. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 26 |pages= 24242-52 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11279055 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M100354200 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Sax JK, El-Deiry WS |title=Identification and characterization of the cytoplasmic protein TRAF4 as a p53-regulated proapoptotic gene |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 38 |pages= 36435–44 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12788948 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M303191200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Régnier CH, Masson R, Kedinger V, ''et al.'' |title=Impaired neural tube closure, axial skeleton malformations, and tracheal ring disruption in TRAF4-deficient mice. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 8 |pages= 5585-90 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11943846 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.052124799 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Fleckenstein DS, Dirks WG, Drexler HG, Quentmeier H |title=Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 4 is a new binding partner for the p70S6 serine/threonine kinase |journal=Leuk. Res. |volume=27 |issue= 8 |pages= 687–94 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12801526 |doi=10.1016/S0145-2126(02)00325-9 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Xu YC, Wu RF, Gu Y, ''et al.'' |title=Involvement of TRAF4 in oxidative activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 31 |pages= 28051-7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12023963 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M202665200 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, etal |title=The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121–7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 | pmc=528928 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Glauner H, Siegmund D, Motejadded H, ''et al.'' |title=Intracellular localization and transcriptional regulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4). |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=269 |issue= 19 |pages= 4819-29 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12354113 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Ma BY, Mikolajczak SA, Danesh A, etal |title=The expression and the regulatory role of OX40 and 4-1BB heterodimer in activated human T cells |journal=Blood |volume=106 |issue= 6 |pages= 2002–10 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15941918 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1622 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Takeshita F, Ishii KJ, Kobiyama K, etal |title=TRAF4 acts as a silencer in TLR-mediated signaling through the association with TRAF6 and TRIF |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=35 |issue= 8 |pages= 2477–85 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16052631 |doi= 10.1002/eji.200526151 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sax JK, El-Deiry WS |title=Identification and characterization of the cytoplasmic protein TRAF4 as a p53-regulated proapoptotic gene. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 38 |pages= 36435-44 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12788948 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M303191200 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Abell AN, Johnson GL |title=MEKK4 is an effector of the embryonic TRAF4 for JNK activation |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=280 |issue= 43 |pages= 35793–6 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16157600 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.C500260200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Fleckenstein DS, Dirks WG, Drexler HG, Quentmeier H |title=Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 4 is a new binding partner for the p70S6 serine/threonine kinase. |journal=Leuk. Res. |volume=27 |issue= 8 |pages= 687-94 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12801526 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, ''et al.'' |title=The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). |journal=Genome Res. |volume=14 |issue= 10B |pages= 2121-7 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15489334 |doi= 10.1101/gr.2596504 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ma BY, Mikolajczak SA, Danesh A, ''et al.'' |title=The expression and the regulatory role of OX40 and 4-1BB heterodimer in activated human T cells. |journal=Blood |volume=106 |issue= 6 |pages= 2002-10 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15941918 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2004-04-1622 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Takeshita F, Ishii KJ, Kobiyama K, ''et al.'' |title=TRAF4 acts as a silencer in TLR-mediated signaling through the association with TRAF6 and TRIF. |journal=Eur. J. Immunol. |volume=35 |issue= 8 |pages= 2477-85 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16052631 |doi= 10.1002/eji.200526151 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Abell AN, Johnson GL |title=MEKK4 is an effector of the embryonic TRAF4 for JNK activation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=280 |issue= 43 |pages= 35793-6 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16157600 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.C500260200 }}
}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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{{Adaptor proteins}}
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{{gene-17-stub}}

Latest revision as of 12:13, 15 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

TNF receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) also known as RING finger protein 83 (RNF83) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAF4 gene.[1][2][3]

TRAF4 is a member of the TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) family, a family of scaffold proteins.[4] TRAF proteins connect IL-1R/Toll and TNF receptors with signaling factors that lead to the activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases. However, TRAF4 is not known to interact with TNF receptors and its cellular functions are not well understood.[5]

Protein interactions

TRAF4 has been shown to interact with neurotrophin receptor, p75 (NTR/NTSR1),[6][7] and negatively regulate NTR induced cell death and NF-kappa B activation. This protein has been found to bind to p47phox, a cytosolic regulatory factor included in a multi-protein complex known as NAD(P)H oxidase. This protein thus, is thought to be involved in the oxidative activation of MAPK8/JNK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.[3]

A recent report indicates that TRAF4 binds to NOD-Like Receptors NOD1 and NOD2, and specifically inhibits activation of NF-κB by the activated NOD2-RIP2 complex [8]

References

  1. ↑ Regnier CH, Tomasetto C, Moog-Lutz C, Chenard MP, Wendling C, Basset P, Rio MC (Dec 1995). "Presence of a new conserved domain in CART1, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein family, which is expressed in breast carcinoma". J Biol Chem. 270 (43): 25715–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.43.25715. PMID 7592751.
  2. ↑ Tomasetto C, Regnier C, Moog-Lutz C, Mattei MG, Chenard MP, Lidereau R, Basset P, Rio MC (Jan 1996). "Identification of four novel human genes amplified and overexpressed in breast carcinoma and localized to the q11-q21.3 region of chromosome 17". Genomics. 28 (3): 367–76. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1163. PMID 7490069.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: TRAF4 TNF receptor-associated factor 4".
  4. ↑ Wajant H, Henkler F, Scheurich P (June 2001). "The TNF-receptor-associated factor family: scaffold molecules for cytokine receptors, kinases and their regulators". Cell. Signal. 13 (6): 389–400. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(01)00160-7. PMID 11384837.
  5. ↑ Kedinger V, Rio MC (2007). "TRAF4, the unique family member". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 597: 60–71. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70630-6_5. ISBN 978-0-387-70629-0. PMID 17633017.
  6. ↑ Ye X, Mehlen P, Rabizadeh S, VanArsdale T, Zhang H, Shin H, Wang JJ, Leo E, Zapata J, Hauser CA, Reed JC, Bredesen DE (October 1999). "TRAF family proteins interact with the common neurotrophin receptor and modulate apoptosis induction". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (42): 30202–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.42.30202. PMID 10514511.
  7. ↑ Krajewska M, Krajewski S, Zapata JM, Van Arsdale T, Gascoyne RD, Berern K, McFadden D, Shabaik A, Hugh J, Reynolds A, Clevenger CV, Reed JC (June 1998). "TRAF-4 expression in epithelial progenitor cells. Analysis in normal adult, fetal, and tumor tissues". Am. J. Pathol. 152 (6): 1549–61. PMC 1858434. PMID 9626059.
  8. ↑ Marinis JM, Homer CR, McDonald C, Abbott DW (2011). "A Novel Motif in the Crohn's Disease Susceptibility Protein, NOD2, Allows TRAF4 to Down-regulate Innate Immune Responses". J. Biol. Chem. 286 (3): 1938–1950. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110.189308. PMC 3023490. PMID 21097508.

Further reading



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