Sandbox lung cancer differential: Difference between revisions
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!Immunohistochemistry | !Immunohistochemistry | ||
!Imaging | !Imaging | ||
! | !Metastasis | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="2" |Papilloma<ref name="pmid3969658">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maxwell RJ, Gibbons JR, O'Hara MD |title=Solitary squamous papilloma of the bronchus |journal=Thorax |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=68–71 |date=January 1985 |pmid=3969658 |pmc=459982 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="2" |'''[[Papilloma]]'''<ref name="pmid3969658">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maxwell RJ, Gibbons JR, O'Hara MD |title=Solitary squamous papilloma of the bronchus |journal=Thorax |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=68–71 |date=January 1985 |pmid=3969658 |pmc=459982 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Squamous cell papilloma | | colspan="2" |'''[[Squamous cell papilloma]]''' | ||
| | | | ||
* [[Human papillomavirus|HPV 6]] and [[Human papillomavirus|11]] | * [[Human papillomavirus|HPV 6]] and [[Human papillomavirus|11]] | ||
* Men | * Men | ||
* Median age of diagnosis is | * Median age of diagnosis is 54 years | ||
| | | | ||
* Epithelial cells | * [[Epithelial cells]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Endobronchial | * Endobronchial | ||
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** Acanthosis | ** Acanthosis | ||
** Binucleate forms and perinuclear halos | ** Binucleate forms and perinuclear halos | ||
** Koilocytosis | ** [[Koilocytosis]] | ||
| | | | ||
* N/A | * N/A | ||
| | |||
* Well circumscribed | * Well circumscribed | ||
* Homogenous | * Homogenous | ||
* Non-calcified | * Non-calcified | ||
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* N/A | * N/A | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Glandular papilloma | | colspan="2" |'''Glandular papilloma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Rare | * Rare | ||
* Mean age of diagnosis is 68 | * Mean age of diagnosis is 68 years | ||
| | | | ||
* Goblet cells of respiratory epithelium | * [[Goblet cells]] of [[respiratory epithelium]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Endobronchial | * Endobronchial | ||
| | | | ||
* White to tan endobronchial polyps that measure from 0.7-1.5 cm | * White to tan endobronchial [[Polyp|polyps]] that measure from 0.7-1.5 cm | ||
| | | | ||
* Thick arborizing stromal stalks | * Thick arborizing stromal stalks | ||
* Thin-walled blood vessels | * Thin-walled [[blood vessels]] | ||
* | * Non-ciliated or ciliated [[epithelium]] | ||
| | | | ||
* N/A | * N/A | ||
| | |||
* Well circumscribed | |||
* Homogenous | |||
* Non-calcified | |||
* Solitary mass | |||
| | | | ||
* N/A | * N/A | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" | | | rowspan="3" |'''Adenom'''a<ref name="pmid9817965">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shiota Y, Matsumoto H, Sasaki N, Taniyama K, Hashimoto S, Sueishi K |title=Solitary bronchioloalveolar adenoma of the lung |journal=Respiration |volume=65 |issue=6 |pages=483–5 |date=1998 |pmid=9817965 |doi=10.1159/000029319 |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Alveolar adenoma | | colspan="2" |'''Alveolar adenoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Mean age of diagnosis is 53 years | * Mean age of diagnosis is 53 years | ||
* Female predominance | * Female predominance | ||
| | | | ||
* Alveolar pneumocytes | * Alveolar [[pneumocytes]] | ||
* Septal mesenchyme | * Septal [[mesenchyme]] | ||
| | | | ||
* All lung lobes | * All lung lobes | ||
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| | | | ||
* 0.7-6.0 cm | * 0.7-6.0 cm | ||
* | * Well demarcated smooth | ||
* Lobulated, multicystic | * Lobulated, multicystic | ||
* Soft to firm | * Soft to firm | ||
* Pale yellow to tan cut surfaces | * Pale yellow to tan cut surfaces | ||
| | | | ||
* | * Uncapsulated | ||
* Multicystic masses | * Multicystic masses | ||
* Cuboidal cell linning | * [[Cuboidal cells|Cuboidal cell]] linning | ||
* Squamous metaplasia | * Squamous metaplasia | ||
* Myxoid and collagenous interstitium | * Myxoid and [[Collagen|collagenous]] interstitium | ||
| | | | ||
* Keratin | * [[Keratin]] | ||
* CEA | * [[CEA]] | ||
* Surfactant protein | * Surfactant protein | ||
* TTF-1 | * [[TTF-1]] | ||
* Actin | * [[Actin]] | ||
| | |||
* Well circumscribed | |||
* Homogenous | |||
* Non-calcified | |||
* Solitary mass | |||
| | | | ||
* N/A | * N/A | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Papillary adenoma<ref name="pmid28409070">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kanchustambham V, Saladi S, Patolia S, Mahmoud Assaf S, Stoeckel D |title=A Rare Case of a Benign Primary Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Lung |journal=Cureus |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=e1069 |date=March 2017 |pmid=28409070 |pmc=5375953 |doi=10.7759/cureus.1069 |url=}}</ref> | | colspan="2" |'''Papillary adenoma'''<ref name="pmid28409070">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kanchustambham V, Saladi S, Patolia S, Mahmoud Assaf S, Stoeckel D |title=A Rare Case of a Benign Primary Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Lung |journal=Cureus |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=e1069 |date=March 2017 |pmid=28409070 |pmc=5375953 |doi=10.7759/cureus.1069 |url=}}</ref> | ||
| | | | ||
* Mean age of diagnosis is | * Mean age of diagnosis is 32 years | ||
* Male predominance | * Male predominance | ||
| | | | ||
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* 1.0- 4.0 cm | * 1.0- 4.0 cm | ||
| | | | ||
* Infiltration | * [[Infiltration (medical)|Infiltration]] | ||
* Papillary growth pattern | * [[Papillary]] growth pattern | ||
* Fibrovascular cores | * Fibrovascular cores | ||
* Cuboidal to columnar epithelial linning | * [[Cuboidal epithelia|Cuboidal]] to [[Columnar epithelia|columnar epithelial]] linning | ||
* Cilitated and oxyphilic cells | * Cilitated and oxyphilic cells | ||
* Occasional eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions | * Occasional [[eosinophilic]] intranuclear inclusions | ||
| | | | ||
* Cytokeratin | * [[Cytokeratin]] | ||
* Clara cell protein | * [[Clara cell secretory protein|Clara cell protein]] | ||
* TTF-1 | * [[TTF-1]] | ||
* Surfactant apoprotein | * Surfactant apoprotein | ||
* CEA | * [[CEA]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Incidental finding | * Incidental finding | ||
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* N/A | * N/A | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Mucinous cystadenoma | | colspan="2" |'''Mucinous cystadenoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* No sex predilection | * No sex predilection | ||
* Mean age of diagnosis is 52 years | * Mean age of diagnosis is 52 years | ||
| | | | ||
* Mucus glands of the bronchus | * Mucus glands of the [[bronchus]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Central | * Central | ||
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* 0.7-7.5 cm | * 0.7-7.5 cm | ||
| | | | ||
* Numerous mucin-filled cystic spaces | * Numerous [[mucin]]-filled cystic spaces | ||
* Non-dilated microacini, glands, tubules and papillae | * Non-dilated microacini, glands, tubules and papillae | ||
| | | | ||
* EMA | * EMA | ||
* Cytokeratins | * [[Cytokeratin|Cytokeratins]] | ||
* CEA | * [[CEA]] | ||
| | | | ||
* Coin lesion | * Coin lesion | ||
* Air-meniscus sign | * Air-meniscus sign | ||
| | | | ||
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! colspan="11" |Malignant Lung Tumors<ref name="pmid7863581">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kelley LC, Puette M, Langheinrich KA, King B |title=Bovine pulmonary blastomas: histomorphologic description and immunohistochemistry |journal=Vet. Pathol. |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=658–62 |date=November 1994 |pmid=7863581 |doi=10.1177/030098589403100605 |url=}}</ref> | ! colspan="11" |Malignant Lung Tumors<ref name="pmid7863581">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kelley LC, Puette M, Langheinrich KA, King B |title=Bovine pulmonary blastomas: histomorphologic description and immunohistochemistry |journal=Vet. Pathol. |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=658–62 |date=November 1994 |pmid=7863581 |doi=10.1177/030098589403100605 |url=}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="3" | | ! colspan="3" |Variants of lung carcinoma | ||
!Risk Factors/Epidemiology | !Risk Factors/Epidemiology | ||
!Pleuripotent cell | !Pleuripotent cell | ||
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!Immunohistochemistry | !Immunohistochemistry | ||
!Imaging | !Imaging | ||
! | !Metastasis | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="4" |'''Squamous cell carcinoma'''<ref name="pmid5528918">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roth E, Smidt D |title=[Studies on early ejaculate collection using electroejaculation in German improved land-swines and Goettinger miniature pigs] |language=German |journal=Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. |volume=83 |issue=1 |pages=7–11 |date=January 1970 |pmid=5528918 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="4" |'''Squamous cell carcinoma'''<ref name="pmid5528918">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roth E, Smidt D |title=[Studies on early ejaculate collection using electroejaculation in German improved land-swines and Goettinger miniature pigs] |language=German |journal=Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. |volume=83 |issue=1 |pages=7–11 |date=January 1970 |pmid=5528918 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Papillary | | colspan="2" |'''Papillary''' | ||
| rowspan="4" | | | rowspan="4" | | ||
* Cigarette smokers | * Cigarette smokers | ||
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| rowspan="4" | | | rowspan="4" | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Clear cell | | colspan="2" |'''Clear cell''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Cells with clear cytoplasm | * Cells with clear cytoplasm | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Small cell | | colspan="2" |'''Small cell''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Poorly differentiated cells | * Poorly differentiated cells | ||
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* Intercellular bridges or keratinization. | * Intercellular bridges or keratinization. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Basaloid | | colspan="2" |'''Basaloid''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Peripheral palisading of nuclei. | * Peripheral palisading of nuclei. | ||
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* Liver metastases | * Liver metastases | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="10" |'''Adeno carcinoma<ref name="Kumar-adenocarcinoma">{{cite book |chapter=Chapter 13, box on morphology of adenocarcinoma |author=Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson |title=Robbins Basic Pathology|publisher=Saunders |location=Philadelphia |isbn=1-4160-2973-7 |edition=8th}}</ref><ref name="pmid17625570">{{cite journal| author=Soda M, Choi YL, Enomoto M, Takada S, Yamashita Y, Ishikawa S et al.| title=Identification of the transforming EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer. | journal=Nature | year= 2007 | volume= 448 | issue= 7153 | pages= 561-6 | pmid=17625570 | doi=10.1038/nature05945 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17625570 }}</ref><ref>Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Adenocarcinoma_%283950819000%29.jpg</ref> | | rowspan="10" |'''Adeno carcinoma'''<ref name="Kumar-adenocarcinoma">{{cite book |chapter=Chapter 13, box on morphology of adenocarcinoma |author=Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson |title=Robbins Basic Pathology|publisher=Saunders |location=Philadelphia |isbn=1-4160-2973-7 |edition=8th}}</ref><ref name="pmid17625570">{{cite journal| author=Soda M, Choi YL, Enomoto M, Takada S, Yamashita Y, Ishikawa S et al.| title=Identification of the transforming EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer. | journal=Nature | year= 2007 | volume= 448 | issue= 7153 | pages= 561-6 | pmid=17625570 | doi=10.1038/nature05945 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17625570 }}</ref><ref>Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Adenocarcinoma_%283950819000%29.jpg</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Acinar adenocarcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Acinar adenocarcinoma''' | ||
| rowspan="10" | | | rowspan="10" | | ||
* Smokers | * Smokers | ||
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* Liver | * Liver | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Papillary adenocarcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Papillary adenocarcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Papillae | * Papillae | ||
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* Mucinous or non-mucinous | * Mucinous or non-mucinous | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" |Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma | | rowspan="3" |'''Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma''' | ||
|Non-mucinous | |'''Non-mucinous''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Clara cells | * Clara cells | ||
* Type II cells | * Type II cells | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Mucinous | |'''Mucinous''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Low grade differentiation | * Low grade differentiation | ||
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* Cytologic atypia | * Cytologic atypia | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Mixed non-mucinous and mucinous or indeterminate | |'''Mixed non-mucinous and mucinous or indeterminate''' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="5" |Solid adenocarcinoma with mucin production | | rowspan="5" |'''Solid adenocarcinoma with mucin production''' | ||
|Fetal adenocarcinoma | |'''Fetal adenocarcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Consists glandular elements | * Consists glandular elements | ||
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** Rounded morules of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic and finely granular cytoplasm. | ** Rounded morules of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic and finely granular cytoplasm. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Mucinous (“colloid”) carcinoma | |'''Mucinous (“colloid”) carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Dissecting pools of mucin containing neoplastic cells. | * Dissecting pools of mucin containing neoplastic cells. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma | |'''Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Partial fibrous tissue capsule. | * Partial fibrous tissue capsule. | ||
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* Neoplastic mucinous epithelium grows along alveolar walls. | * Neoplastic mucinous epithelium grows along alveolar walls. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Signet ring adenocarcinoma | |'''Signet ring adenocarcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Clear cell adenocarcinoma | |'''Clear cell adenocarcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="5" |'''Large cell carcinoma'''<ref name="pmid24221342">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rossi G, Mengoli MC, Cavazza A, Nicoli D, Barbareschi M, Cantaloni C, Papotti M, Tironi A, Graziano P, Paci M, Stefani A, Migaldi M, Sartori G, Pelosi G |title=Large cell carcinoma of the lung: clinically oriented classification integrating immunohistochemistry and molecular biology |journal=Virchows Arch. |volume=464 |issue=1 |pages=61–8 |date=January 2014 |pmid=24221342 |doi=10.1007/s00428-013-1501-6 |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="5" |'''Large cell carcinoma'''<ref name="pmid24221342">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rossi G, Mengoli MC, Cavazza A, Nicoli D, Barbareschi M, Cantaloni C, Papotti M, Tironi A, Graziano P, Paci M, Stefani A, Migaldi M, Sartori G, Pelosi G |title=Large cell carcinoma of the lung: clinically oriented classification integrating immunohistochemistry and molecular biology |journal=Virchows Arch. |volume=464 |issue=1 |pages=61–8 |date=January 2014 |pmid=24221342 |doi=10.1007/s00428-013-1501-6 |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Basaloid large cell carcinoma of the lung | | colspan="2" |'''Basaloid large cell carcinoma of the lung''' | ||
| rowspan="5" | | | rowspan="5" | | ||
* Approximately 10% of lung cancers. | * Approximately 10% of lung cancers. | ||
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* Pericardium | * Pericardium | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Clear cell carcinoma of the lung | | colspan="2" |'''Clear cell carcinoma of the lung''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Clear cells | * Clear cells | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung | | colspan="2" |'''Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Syncytial growth pattern | * Syncytial growth pattern | ||
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* [[amyloid]] deposition | * [[amyloid]] deposition | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Large-cell lung carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype | | colspan="2" |'''Large-cell lung carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules | * Eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules | ||
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* Eosinophilic inclusions | * Eosinophilic inclusions | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Mixed type | | colspan="2" |'''Mixed type''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Mixture of | * Mixture of | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="5" |'''Sarcomatoid carcinoma'''<ref name="pmid24088577">{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang SY, Shen SJ, Li XY |title=Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study and prognostic analysis of 51 cases |journal=World J Surg Oncol |volume=11 |issue= |pages=252 |date=October 2013 |pmid=24088577 |pmc=3850921 |doi=10.1186/1477-7819-11-252 |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="5" |'''Sarcomatoid carcinoma'''<ref name="pmid24088577">{{cite journal |vauthors=Huang SY, Shen SJ, Li XY |title=Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study and prognostic analysis of 51 cases |journal=World J Surg Oncol |volume=11 |issue= |pages=252 |date=October 2013 |pmid=24088577 |pmc=3850921 |doi=10.1186/1477-7819-11-252 |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Carcinosarcoma | | colspan="2" |'''Carcinosarcoma''' | ||
| rowspan="5" | | | rowspan="5" | | ||
* Accounts for only 0.3-1.3% of all lung malignancies | * Accounts for only 0.3-1.3% of all lung malignancies | ||
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* Kidney | * Kidney | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Spindle cell carcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Spindle cell carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Only spindle shaped tumor cells | * Only spindle shaped tumor cells | ||
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* TTF-1 | * TTF-1 | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Giant cell carcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Giant cell carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Multi- and/or mononucleated tumor giant cells | * Multi- and/or mononucleated tumor giant cells | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Pleomorphic carcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Pleomorphic carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Poorly differentiated | * Poorly differentiated | ||
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* Fibrous or myxoid stroma | * Fibrous or myxoid stroma | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Pulmonary blastoma | | colspan="2" |'''Pulmonary blastoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Biphasic | * Biphasic | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|'''Carcinoid tumor'''<ref name="pmid19212636">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dahabreh J, Stathopoulos GP, Koutantos J, Rigatos S |title=Lung carcinoid tumor biology: treatment and survival |journal=Oncol. Rep. |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=757–60 |date=March 2009 |pmid=19212636 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |'''Carcinoid tumor'''<ref name="pmid19212636">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dahabreh J, Stathopoulos GP, Koutantos J, Rigatos S |title=Lung carcinoid tumor biology: treatment and survival |journal=Oncol. Rep. |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=757–60 |date=March 2009 |pmid=19212636 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Typical carcinoid | | colspan="2" |'''Typical carcinoid''' | ||
Atypical carcinoid | '''Atypical carcinoid''' | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" |'''Salivary gland tumors'''<ref name="pmid23789697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Elnayal A, Moran CA, Fox PS, Mawlawi O, Swisher SG, Marom EM |title=Primary salivary gland-type lung cancer: imaging and clinical predictors of outcome |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=201 |issue=1 |pages=W57–63 |date=July 2013 |pmid=23789697 |pmc=3767141 |doi=10.2214/AJR.12.9579 |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="3" |'''Salivary gland tumors'''<ref name="pmid23789697">{{cite journal |vauthors=Elnayal A, Moran CA, Fox PS, Mawlawi O, Swisher SG, Marom EM |title=Primary salivary gland-type lung cancer: imaging and clinical predictors of outcome |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=201 |issue=1 |pages=W57–63 |date=July 2013 |pmid=23789697 |pmc=3767141 |doi=10.2214/AJR.12.9579 |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Mucoepidermoid carcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Mucoepidermoid carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Most patients presents in the third and fourth decade | * Most patients presents in the third and fourth decade | ||
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* Brain | * Brain | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Adenoid cystic carcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Adenoid cystic carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Constitutes less than 1% of all lung tumors. | * Constitutes less than 1% of all lung tumors. | ||
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* Adrenal glands | * Adrenal glands | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma | | colspan="2" |'''Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Age ranges from 33 to 71 years | * Age ranges from 33 to 71 years | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="3" |'''Preinvasive lesions'''<ref name="pmid11980589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Greenberg AK, Yee H, Rom WN |title=Preneoplastic lesions of the lung |journal=Respir. Res. |volume=3 |issue= |pages=20 |date=2002 |pmid=11980589 |pmc=107849 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="3" |'''Preinvasive lesions'''<ref name="pmid11980589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Greenberg AK, Yee H, Rom WN |title=Preneoplastic lesions of the lung |journal=Respir. Res. |volume=3 |issue= |pages=20 |date=2002 |pmid=11980589 |pmc=107849 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Squamous carcinoma in situ | | colspan="2" |'''Squamous carcinoma in situ''' | ||
| rowspan="3" | | | rowspan="3" | | ||
* Most commonly seen in fifth or sixth decades | * Most commonly seen in fifth or sixth decades | ||
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* Spleen | * Spleen | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia | | colspan="2" |'''Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Surfactant apoprotein | * Surfactant apoprotein | ||
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* Ground glass opacity | * Ground glass opacity | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia | | colspan="2" |'''Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells | * Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="8" |'''Mesenchymal tumors'''<ref name="pmid24407922">{{cite journal |vauthors=Koenigkam-Santos M, Sommer G, Puderbach M, Safi S, Schnabel PA, Kauczor HU, Heussel CP |title=Primary intrathoracic malignant mesenchymal tumours: computed tomography features of a rare group of chest neoplasms |journal=Insights Imaging |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=237–44 |date=April 2014 |pmid=24407922 |pmc=3999366 |doi=10.1007/s13244-013-0306-0 |url=}}</ref> | | rowspan="8" |'''Mesenchymal tumors'''<ref name="pmid24407922">{{cite journal |vauthors=Koenigkam-Santos M, Sommer G, Puderbach M, Safi S, Schnabel PA, Kauczor HU, Heussel CP |title=Primary intrathoracic malignant mesenchymal tumours: computed tomography features of a rare group of chest neoplasms |journal=Insights Imaging |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=237–44 |date=April 2014 |pmid=24407922 |pmc=3999366 |doi=10.1007/s13244-013-0306-0 |url=}}</ref> | ||
| colspan="2" |Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma / Angiosarcoma | | colspan="2" |'''Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma / Angiosarcoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Caucasian | * Caucasian | ||
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* Soft tissue | * Soft tissue | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Pleuropulmonary blastoma | | colspan="2" |'''Pleuropulmonary blastoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Most common in children | * Most common in children | ||
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* Pancreas | * Pancreas | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Chondroma | | colspan="2" |'''Chondroma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Young women | * Young women | ||
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* Benign tumor | * Benign tumor | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor | | colspan="2" |'''Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor''' | ||
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* Rare | * Rare | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis | | colspan="2" |'''Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis''' | ||
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* Children | * Children | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor | | colspan="2" |'''Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Previous viral infections | * Previous viral infections | ||
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* Rare | * Rare | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Pulmonary artery sarcoma | | colspan="2" |'''Pulmonary artery sarcoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Mean age of diagnosis is 49.3 years | * Mean age of diagnosis is 49.3 years | ||
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* Mediastinum | * Mediastinum | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" |Pulmonary vein sarcoma | | colspan="2" |'''Pulmonary vein sarcoma''' | ||
| | | | ||
* Most common in women. | * Most common in women. |
Revision as of 14:32, 21 March 2018
- Differentiation of primary and secondary lung tumors is difficult due to overlapping histologic features.
- Topography, size and form of pulmonary growth pattern are important aspects for the differential diagnosis.
- The following table summarizes the differentiation of various lung tumors based on histological and topographical features:[1]
Benign Lung Tumors[2] | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk/Epidemiology | Pleuripotent cells | Topography | Gross | Histology | Immunohistochemistry | Imaging | Metastasis | |||
Papilloma[3] | Squamous cell papilloma |
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Glandular papilloma |
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Adenoma[4] | Alveolar adenoma |
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Papillary adenoma[5] |
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Mucinous cystadenoma |
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Malignant Lung Tumors[6] | ||||||||||
Variants of lung carcinoma | Risk Factors/Epidemiology | Pleuripotent cell | Topography | Gross | Histology | Immunohistochemistry | Imaging | Metastasis | ||
Squamous cell carcinoma[7] | Papillary |
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Clear cell |
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Small cell |
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Basaloid |
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Small cell carcinoma[8] |
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Adeno carcinoma[9][10][11] | Acinar adenocarcinoma |
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Aerogenous spread is characteristic
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Papillary adenocarcinoma |
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Bronchio-alveolar carcinoma | Non-mucinous |
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Mucinous |
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Mixed non-mucinous and mucinous or indeterminate | ||||||||||
Solid adenocarcinoma with mucin production | Fetal adenocarcinoma |
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Mucinous (“colloid”) carcinoma |
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Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma |
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Signet ring adenocarcinoma | ||||||||||
Clear cell adenocarcinoma | ||||||||||
Large cell carcinoma[12] | Basaloid large cell carcinoma of the lung |
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Clear cell carcinoma of the lung |
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Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung |
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Large-cell lung carcinoma with rhabdoid phenotype |
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Mixed type |
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Sarcomatoid carcinoma[13] | Carcinosarcoma |
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Spindle cell carcinoma |
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Giant cell carcinoma |
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Pleomorphic carcinoma |
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Pulmonary blastoma |
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Carcinoid tumor[14] | Typical carcinoid
Atypical carcinoid |
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Salivary gland tumors[15] | Mucoepidermoid carcinoma |
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Adenoid cystic carcinoma |
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Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma |
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Preinvasive lesions[16] | Squamous carcinoma in situ |
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Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia |
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Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia |
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Mesenchymal tumors[17] | Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma / Angiosarcoma |
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Pleuropulmonary blastoma |
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Chondroma |
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Congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor |
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Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis |
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Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor |
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Pulmonary artery sarcoma |
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Pulmonary vein sarcoma |
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|
Differentiation of lung cancer from other diseases with similar presentation
The following table summarizes the differentiation of lung cancer from other disease entities with similar presentation.[18][19][20][21][22]
Disease | Clinical features
Signs & symptoms |
Radiological Findings | Characterstic feature | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fever | Cough | Hemoptysis | Dyspnea | Chest pain | Weight loss | Night sweats | |||||
High-grade | Low grade | Productive | Dry | ||||||||
Acute Lung abscess | + | - | + | - | - | - | + | - | - |
|
|
Malignancy | - | + | - | + | + | - | - | + | + |
|
|
Pulmonary Tuberculosis | + | - | + | - | + | - | - | - | + |
|
|
Necrotizing Pneumonia | + | - | + | + | - | + | - | - |
|
| |
Empyema | + | - | + | - | + | + | + | - | - |
|
|
Bronchiectasis | - | - | + | - | + | - | - | - | - |
|
|
Wegners granulomatosis | - | - | + | + | + | - | - | - |
| ||
Sarcoidosis | + | - | + | - | + | - | - | + | + |
|
|
Rheumatoid nodule | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | + | - |
| |
Langerhans cell Histiocytosis | - | - | - | - | - | + | + | + | - |
|
|
Bronchiolitis obliterans | - | - | + | - | + | + | + | - | - |
|
|
References
- ↑ Erasmus JJ, Connolly JE, McAdams HP, Roggli VL (2000). "Solitary pulmonary nodules: Part I. Morphologic evaluation for differentiation of benign and malignant lesions". Radiographics. 20 (1): 43–58. doi:10.1148/radiographics.20.1.g00ja0343. PMID 10682770.
- ↑ Gümüştaş S, Inan N, Akansel G, Ciftçi E, Demirci A, Ozkara SK (June 2012). "Differentiation of malignant and benign lung lesions with diffusion-weighted MR imaging". Radiol Oncol. 46 (2): 106–13. doi:10.2478/v10019-012-0021-3. PMC 3472932. PMID 23077446.
- ↑ Maxwell RJ, Gibbons JR, O'Hara MD (January 1985). "Solitary squamous papilloma of the bronchus". Thorax. 40 (1): 68–71. PMC 459982. PMID 3969658.
- ↑ Shiota Y, Matsumoto H, Sasaki N, Taniyama K, Hashimoto S, Sueishi K (1998). "Solitary bronchioloalveolar adenoma of the lung". Respiration. 65 (6): 483–5. doi:10.1159/000029319. PMID 9817965.
- ↑ Kanchustambham V, Saladi S, Patolia S, Mahmoud Assaf S, Stoeckel D (March 2017). "A Rare Case of a Benign Primary Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Lung". Cureus. 9 (3): e1069. doi:10.7759/cureus.1069. PMC 5375953. PMID 28409070.
- ↑ Kelley LC, Puette M, Langheinrich KA, King B (November 1994). "Bovine pulmonary blastomas: histomorphologic description and immunohistochemistry". Vet. Pathol. 31 (6): 658–62. doi:10.1177/030098589403100605. PMID 7863581.
- ↑ Roth E, Smidt D (January 1970). "[Studies on early ejaculate collection using electroejaculation in German improved land-swines and Goettinger miniature pigs]". Berl. Munch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. (in German). 83 (1): 7–11. PMID 5528918.
- ↑ Jackman DM, Johnson BE (2005). "Small-cell lung cancer". Lancet. 366 (9494): 1385–96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67569-1. PMID 16226617.
- ↑ Mitchell, Richard Sheppard; Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson. "Chapter 13, box on morphology of adenocarcinoma". Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2973-7.
- ↑ Soda M, Choi YL, Enomoto M, Takada S, Yamashita Y, Ishikawa S; et al. (2007). "Identification of the transforming EML4-ALK fusion gene in non-small-cell lung cancer". Nature. 448 (7153): 561–6. doi:10.1038/nature05945. PMID 17625570.
- ↑ Adenocarcinoma of the lung. Librepathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/File:Adenocarcinoma_%283950819000%29.jpg
- ↑ Rossi G, Mengoli MC, Cavazza A, Nicoli D, Barbareschi M, Cantaloni C, Papotti M, Tironi A, Graziano P, Paci M, Stefani A, Migaldi M, Sartori G, Pelosi G (January 2014). "Large cell carcinoma of the lung: clinically oriented classification integrating immunohistochemistry and molecular biology". Virchows Arch. 464 (1): 61–8. doi:10.1007/s00428-013-1501-6. PMID 24221342.
- ↑ Huang SY, Shen SJ, Li XY (October 2013). "Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study and prognostic analysis of 51 cases". World J Surg Oncol. 11: 252. doi:10.1186/1477-7819-11-252. PMC 3850921. PMID 24088577.
- ↑ Dahabreh J, Stathopoulos GP, Koutantos J, Rigatos S (March 2009). "Lung carcinoid tumor biology: treatment and survival". Oncol. Rep. 21 (3): 757–60. PMID 19212636.
- ↑ Elnayal A, Moran CA, Fox PS, Mawlawi O, Swisher SG, Marom EM (July 2013). "Primary salivary gland-type lung cancer: imaging and clinical predictors of outcome". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 201 (1): W57–63. doi:10.2214/AJR.12.9579. PMC 3767141. PMID 23789697.
- ↑ Greenberg AK, Yee H, Rom WN (2002). "Preneoplastic lesions of the lung". Respir. Res. 3: 20. PMC 107849. PMID 11980589.
- ↑ Koenigkam-Santos M, Sommer G, Puderbach M, Safi S, Schnabel PA, Kauczor HU, Heussel CP (April 2014). "Primary intrathoracic malignant mesenchymal tumours: computed tomography features of a rare group of chest neoplasms". Insights Imaging. 5 (2): 237–44. doi:10.1007/s13244-013-0306-0. PMC 3999366. PMID 24407922.
- ↑ Chaudhuri MR (1973). "Primary pulmonary cavitating carcinomas". Thorax. 28 (3): 354–66. PMC 470041. PMID 4353362.
- ↑ Mouroux J, Padovani B, Elkaïm D, Richelme H (1996). "Should cavitated bronchopulmonary cancers be considered a separate entity?". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 61 (2): 530–2. doi:10.1016/0003-4975(95)00973-6. PMID 8572761.
- ↑ Langford CA, Hoffman GS (1999). "Rare diseases.3: Wegener's granulomatosis". Thorax. 54 (7): 629–37. PMC 1745525. PMID 10377211.
- ↑ Langford CA, Hoffman GS (1999). "Rare diseases.3: Wegener's granulomatosis". Thorax. 54 (7): 629–37. PMC 1745525. PMID 10377211.
- ↑ Suri HS, Yi ES, Nowakowski GS, Vassallo R (2012). "Pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 7: 16. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-7-16. PMC 3342091. PMID 22429393.