Lymphomatoid granulomatosis causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kamal Akbar, M.D.[2]
Overview
The exact cause of Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is unknown. Lymphomatoid granulomatosis occurs with more in people with some form of immune system disability including individuals with Sjogren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis or chronic viral hepatitis.
It is likely that some amalgamation of Immune, genetic and familial factors all contribute a role in the causation of lymphomatoid granulomatosis. The therapy used varies, but is generally directed towards eliminating the EBV-infected B-cells or strengthening of the immune system.
Causes
Common Causes
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis involves malignant B cells and reactive, non-malignant T cells and is almost always associated with infection of the malignant B cells by the Epstein-Barr virus; it is therefore known to be a form of the Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases. The disease is believed to be induced by a combination of the following:[1][2]
- Epstein Barr virus infection[3]
- Immunodeficiency diseases:
- Immunosuppression through immunosuppressive drugs:
- Infections such as HIV or chronic viral hepatitis or endogenous T cell defects[5]
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | Methotrexate, and Azathioprine |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | EBV, HIV, and Hepatitis |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, and Common variable immunodeficiency |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ Jaffe ES, Wilson WH (1997). "Lymphomatoid granulomatosis: pathogenesis, pathology and clinical implications". Cancer Surv. 30: 233–48. PMID 9547995.
- ↑ Sigamani E, Chandramohan J, Nair S, Chacko G, Thomas M, Mathew LG; et al. (2018). "Lymphomatoid granulomatosis: A case series from South India". Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 61 (2): 228–232. doi:10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_471_17. PMID 29676363.
- ↑ Rezk SA, Zhao X, Weiss LM (2018). "Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoid proliferations, a 2018 update". Hum Pathol. 79: 18–41. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2018.05.020. PMID 29885408.
- ↑ Sebire NJ, Haselden S, Malone M, Davies EG, Ramsay AD (2003). "Isolated EBV lymphoproliferative disease in a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome manifesting as cutaneous lymphomatoid granulomatosis and responsive to anti-CD20 immunotherapy". J Clin Pathol. 56 (7): 555–7. PMC 1769998. PMID 12835306.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Song JY, Pittaluga S, Dunleavy K, Grant N, White T, Jiang L; et al. (2015). "Lymphomatoid granulomatosis--a single institute experience: pathologic findings and clinical correlations". Am J Surg Pathol. 39 (2): 141–56. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000000328. PMC 4293220. PMID 25321327.
- ↑ Oiwa H, Mihara K, Kan T, Tanaka M, Shindo H, Kumagai K; et al. (2014). "Grade 3 lymphomatoid granulomatosis in a patient receiving methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis". Intern Med. 53 (16): 1873–5. PMID 25130128.
- ↑ Kameda H, Okuyama A, Tamaru J, Itoyama S, Iizuka A, Takeuchi T (2007). "Lymphomatoid granulomatosis and diffuse alveolar damage associated with methotrexate therapy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis". Clin Rheumatol. 26 (9): 1585–9. doi:10.1007/s10067-006-0480-2. PMID 17200802.
- ↑ Barakat A, Grover K, Peshin R (2014). "Rituximab for pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis which developed as a complication of methotrexate and azathioprine therapy for rheumatoid arthritis". Springerplus. 3: 751. doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-751. PMC 4320142. PMID 25674479.