Thyroid hormone receptor alpha: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Thyroid hormone receptor alpha''' (TR-alpha) also known as '''nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 1''' (NR1A1), is a [[nuclear receptor]] protein that in humans is encoded by the ''THRA'' gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: THRA thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7067| accessdate = }}</ref><ref name="pmid6323162">{{cite journal | vauthors = Spurr NK, Solomon E, Jansson M, Sheer D, Goodfellow PN, Bodmer WF, Vennstrom B | title = Chromosomal localisation of the human homologues to the oncogenes erbA and B | journal = The EMBO Journal | volume = 3 | issue = 1 | pages = 159–63 | date = Jan 1984 | pmid = 6323162 | pmc = 557313 | doi =  }}</ref><ref name="pmid6589608">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dayton AI, Selden JR, Laws G, Dorney DJ, Finan J, Tripputi P, Emanuel BS, Rovera G, Nowell PC, Croce CM | title = A human c-erbA oncogene homologue is closely proximal to the chromosome 17 breakpoint in acute promyelocytic leukemia | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 81 | issue = 14 | pages = 4495–9 | date = Jul 1984 | pmid = 6589608 | pmc = 345617 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.81.14.4495 }}</ref>
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_THRA_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1nav.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1nav}}, {{PDB2|2h77}}, {{PDB2|2h79}}
| Name = Thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian)
| HGNCid = 11796
| Symbol = THRA
| AltSymbols =; AR7; EAR7; ERB-T-1; ERBA; ERBA1; MGC000261; MGC43240; NR1A1; THRA1; THRA2; c-ERBA-1
| OMIM = 190120
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 37747
| MGIid = 98742
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_THRA_35846_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_THRA_204100_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003707 |text = steroid hormone receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004887 |text = thyroid hormone receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016564 |text = transcription repressor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043565 |text = sequence-specific DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001502 |text = cartilage condensation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001503 |text = ossification}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006366 |text = transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008016 |text = regulation of heart contraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009887 |text = organ morphogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016481 |text = negative regulation of transcription}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 7067
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000126351
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003241
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003250
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 17
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 35472686
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 35503644
    | Hs_Uniprot = P10827
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 21833
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000058756
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_994382
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_999476
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 11
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 98557963
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 98585094
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q80Y90
  }}
}}
'''Thyroid hormone receptor alpha''' ('''TR-alpha''') (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian), also known as '''NR1A1''' (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 1), is [[nuclear receptor]] protein encoded by the {{gene|THRA}} gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: THRA thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7067| accessdate = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for [[triiodothyronine]]. It is one of the several [[thyroid hormone receptor|receptors]] for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. [[Gene knockout|Knockout]] studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. [[Alternative splicing|Alternatively spliced]] transcript variants encoding distinct [[protein isoform|isoforms]] have been reported.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: THRA thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7067| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for [[triiodothyronine]]. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. [[Gene knockout|Knockout]] studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. [[Alternative splicing|Alternatively spliced]] transcript variants encoding distinct [[protein isoform|isoforms]] have been reported.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: THRA thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7067| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== Interactions ==
{{reflist|2}}
 
==Further reading==
THR1 has been shown to [[Protein-protein_interaction|interact]] with:
{{div col|colwidth=15em}}
* [[COPS2]],<ref name="pmid10207062">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dressel U, Thormeyer D, Altincicek B, Paululat A, Eggert M, Schneider S, Tenbaum SP, Renkawitz R, Baniahmad A | title = Alien, a highly conserved protein with characteristics of a corepressor for members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 5 | pages = 3383–94 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10207062 | pmc = 84131 | doi =  10.1128/mcb.19.5.3383}}</ref>
* [[EP300]],<ref name=pmid12371907/>
* [[ITGB3BP]],<ref name="pmid11713274">{{cite journal | vauthors = Li D, Wang F, Samuels HH | title = Domain structure of the NRIF3 family of coregulators suggests potential dual roles in transcriptional regulation | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 21 | issue = 24 | pages = 8371–84 | date = Dec 2001 | pmid = 11713274 | pmc = 100002 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.21.24.8371-8384.2001 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10490654">{{cite journal | vauthors = Li D, Desai-Yajnik V, Lo E, Schapira M, Abagyan R, Samuels HH | title = NRIF3 is a novel coactivator mediating functional specificity of nuclear hormone receptors | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 10 | pages = 7191–202 | date = Oct 1999 | pmid = 10490654 | pmc = 84712 | doi =  10.1128/mcb.19.10.7191}}</ref>
* [[MED1]],<ref name="pmid9653119">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yuan CX, Ito M, Fondell JD, Fu ZY, Roeder RG | title = The TRAP220 component of a thyroid hormone receptor- associated protein (TRAP) coactivator complex interacts directly with nuclear receptors in a ligand-dependent fashion | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 95 | issue = 14 | pages = 7939–44 | date = Jul 1998 | pmid = 9653119 | pmc = 20908 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.95.14.7939 }}</ref>
* [[MED6]],<ref name=pmid10198638/>
* [[MED12]],<ref name=pmid10198638/> 
* [[MED16]],<ref name="pmid10198638">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ito M, Yuan CX, Malik S, Gu W, Fondell JD, Yamamura S, Fu ZY, Zhang X, Qin J, Roeder RG | title = Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators | journal = Molecular Cell | volume = 3 | issue = 3 | pages = 361–70 | date = Mar 1999 | pmid = 10198638 | doi = 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3 }}</ref>
* [[Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A|MEF2A]],<ref name="pmid12371907">{{cite journal | vauthors = De Luca A, Severino A, De Paolis P, Cottone G, De Luca L, De Falco M, Porcellini A, Volpe M, Condorelli G | title = p300/cAMP-response-element-binding-protein ('CREB')-binding protein (CBP) modulates co-operation between myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) and thyroid hormone receptor-retinoid X receptor | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 369 | issue = Pt 3 | pages = 477–84 | date = Feb 2003 | pmid = 12371907 | pmc = 1223100 | doi = 10.1042/BJ20020057 }}</ref>
* [[NCOA6]],<ref name="pmid10567404">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lee SK, Anzick SL, Choi JE, Bubendorf L, Guan XY, Jung YK, Kallioniemi OP, Kononen J, Trent JM, Azorsa D, Jhun BH, Cheong JH, Lee YC, Meltzer PS, Lee JW | title = A nuclear factor, ASC-2, as a cancer-amplified transcriptional coactivator essential for ligand-dependent transactivation by nuclear receptors in vivo | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 48 | pages = 34283–93 | date = Nov 1999 | pmid = 10567404 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.48.34283 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10847592">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lee SK, Na SY, Jung SY, Choi JE, Jhun BH, Cheong J, Meltzer PS, Lee YC, Lee JW | title = Activating protein-1, nuclear factor-kappaB, and serum response factor as novel target molecules of the cancer-amplified transcription coactivator ASC-2 | journal = Molecular Endocrinology | volume = 14 | issue = 6 | pages = 915–25 | date = Jun 2000 | pmid = 10847592 | doi = 10.1210/mend.14.6.0471 }}</ref>
* [[TRIP11]],<ref name="pmid9256431">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chang KH, Chen Y, Chen TT, Chou WH, Chen PL, Ma YY, Yang-Feng TL, Leng X, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW, Lee WH | title = A thyroid hormone receptor coactivator negatively regulated by the retinoblastoma protein | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 94 | issue = 17 | pages = 9040–5 | date = Aug 1997 | pmid = 9256431 | pmc = 23019 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.94.17.9040 }}</ref> and
* [[Ubiquitin C|UBC]].<ref name="pmid18655026">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tan F, Lu L, Cai Y, Wang J, Xie Y, Wang L, Gong Y, Xu BE, Wu J, Luo Y, Qiang B, Yuan J, Sun X, Peng X | title = Proteomic analysis of ubiquitinated proteins in normal hepatocyte cell line Chang liver cells | journal = Proteomics | volume = 8 | issue = 14 | pages = 2885–96 | date = Jul 2008 | pmid = 18655026 | doi = 10.1002/pmic.200700887 }}</ref>
{{Div col end}}
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Forrest D, Reh TA, Rüsch A | title = Neurodevelopmental control by thyroid hormone receptors | journal = Current Opinion in Neurobiology | volume = 12 | issue = 1 | pages = 49–56 | date = Feb 2002 | pmid = 11861164 | doi = 10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00289-1 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sakurai A, Bell GI, DeGroot LJ | title = Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the human thyroid hormone receptor alpha gene (THRA1) on chromosome 17 | journal = Human Molecular Genetics | volume = 1 | issue = 7 | pages = 553 | date = Oct 1992 | pmid = 1307263 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/1.7.553-a }}
*{{cite journal | author=Forrest D, Reh TA, Rüsch A |title=Neurodevelopmental control by thyroid hormone receptors. |journal=Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. |volume=12 |issue= 1 |pages= 49-56 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11861164 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Berrodin TJ, Marks MS, Ozato K, Linney E, Lazar MA | title = Heterodimerization among thyroid hormone receptor, retinoic acid receptor, retinoid X receptor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor, and an endogenous liver protein | journal = Molecular Endocrinology | volume = 6 | issue = 9 | pages = 1468–78 | date = Sep 1992 | pmid = 1331778 | doi = 10.1210/me.6.9.1468 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sakurai A, Bell GI, DeGroot LJ |title=Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the human thyroid hormone receptor alpha gene (THRA1) on chromosome 17. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=1 |issue= 7 |pages= 553 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1307263 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Schmidt ED, Schmidt ED, van der Gaag R, Ganpat R, Broersma L, de Boer PA, Moorman AF, Lamers WH, Wiersinga WM, Koornneef L | title = Distribution of the nuclear thyroid-hormone receptor in extraocular and skeletal muscles | journal = The Journal of Endocrinology | volume = 133 | issue = 1 | pages = 67–74 | date = Apr 1992 | pmid = 1517709 | doi = 10.1677/joe.0.1330067 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Berrodin TJ, Marks MS, Ozato K, ''et al.'' |title=Heterodimerization among thyroid hormone receptor, retinoic acid receptor, retinoid X receptor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor, and an endogenous liver protein. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=6 |issue= 9 |pages= 1468-78 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1331778 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yen PM, Sunday ME, Darling DS, Chin WW | title = Isoform-specific thyroid hormone receptor antibodies detect multiple thyroid hormone receptors in rat and human pituitaries | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 130 | issue = 3 | pages = 1539–46 | date = Mar 1992 | pmid = 1537303 | doi = 10.1210/en.130.3.1539 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Schmidt ED, Schmidt ED, van der Gaag R, ''et al.'' |title=Distribution of the nuclear thyroid-hormone receptor in extraocular and skeletal muscles. |journal=J. Endocrinol. |volume=133 |issue= 1 |pages= 67-74 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1517709 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Laudet V, Begue A, Henry-Duthoit C, Joubel A, Martin P, Stehelin D, Saule S | title = Genomic organization of the human thyroid hormone receptor alpha (c-erbA-1) gene | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 19 | issue = 5 | pages = 1105–12 | date = Mar 1991 | pmid = 1850510 | pmc = 333788 | doi = 10.1093/nar/19.5.1105 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yen PM, Sunday ME, Darling DS, Chin WW |title=Isoform-specific thyroid hormone receptor antibodies detect multiple thyroid hormone receptors in rat and human pituitaries. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=130 |issue= 3 |pages= 1539-46 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1537303 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nakai A, Sakurai A, Bell GI, DeGroot LJ | title = Characterization of a third human thyroid hormone receptor coexpressed with other thyroid hormone receptors in several tissues | journal = Molecular Endocrinology | volume = 2 | issue = 11 | pages = 1087–92 | date = Nov 1988 | pmid = 2464749 | doi = 10.1210/mend-2-11-1087 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Laudet V, Begue A, Henry-Duthoit C, ''et al.'' |title=Genomic organization of the human thyroid hormone receptor alpha (c-erbA-1) gene. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=19 |issue= 5 |pages= 1105-12 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1850510 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Miyajima N, Horiuchi R, Shibuya Y, Fukushige S, Matsubara K, Toyoshima K, Yamamoto T | title = Two erbA homologs encoding proteins with different T3 binding capacities are transcribed from opposite DNA strands of the same genetic locus | journal = Cell | volume = 57 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–9 | date = Apr 1989 | pmid = 2539258 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90169-4 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nakai A, Sakurai A, Bell GI, DeGroot LJ |title=Characterization of a third human thyroid hormone receptor coexpressed with other thyroid hormone receptors in several tissues. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=2 |issue= 11 |pages= 1087-92 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2464749 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sakurai A, Nakai A, DeGroot LJ | title = Expression of three forms of thyroid hormone receptor in human tissues | journal = Molecular Endocrinology | volume = 3 | issue = 2 | pages = 392–9 | date = Feb 1989 | pmid = 2710139 | doi = 10.1210/mend-3-2-392 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Miyajima N, Horiuchi R, Shibuya Y, ''et al.'' |title=Two erbA homologs encoding proteins with different T3 binding capacities are transcribed from opposite DNA strands of the same genetic locus. |journal=Cell |volume=57 |issue= 1 |pages= 31-9 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2539258 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sap J, Muñoz A, Damm K, Goldberg Y, Ghysdael J, Leutz A, Beug H, Vennström B | title = The c-erb-A protein is a high-affinity receptor for thyroid hormone | journal = Nature | volume = 324 | issue = 6098 | pages = 635–40 | year = 1987 | pmid = 2879242 | doi = 10.1038/324635a0 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sakurai A, Nakai A, DeGroot LJ |title=Expression of three forms of thyroid hormone receptor in human tissues. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=3 |issue= 2 |pages= 392-9 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2710139 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nakai A, Seino S, Sakurai A, Szilak I, Bell GI, DeGroot LJ | title = Characterization of a thyroid hormone receptor expressed in human kidney and other tissues | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 85 | issue = 8 | pages = 2781–5 | date = Apr 1988 | pmid = 3357890 | pmc = 280083 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2781 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sap J, Muñoz A, Damm K, ''et al.'' |title=The c-erb-A protein is a high-affinity receptor for thyroid hormone. |journal=Nature |volume=324 |issue= 6098 |pages= 635-40 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2879242 |doi= 10.1038/324635a0 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mitelman F, Manolov G, Manolova Y, Billström R, Heim S, Kristoffersson U, Mandahl N, Ferro MT, San Roman C | title = High resolution chromosome analysis of constitutional and acquired t(15;17) maps c-erbA to subband 17q11.2 | journal = Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics | volume = 22 | issue = 2 | pages = 95–8 | date = Jun 1986 | pmid = 3458521 | doi = 10.1016/0165-4608(86)90168-8 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nakai A, Seino S, Sakurai A, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of a thyroid hormone receptor expressed in human kidney and other tissues. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 8 |pages= 2781-5 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3357890 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Benbrook D, Pfahl M | title = A novel thyroid hormone receptor encoded by a cDNA clone from a human testis library | journal = Science | volume = 238 | issue = 4828 | pages = 788–91 | date = Nov 1987 | pmid = 3672126 | doi = 10.1126/science.3672126 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mitelman F, Manolov G, Manolova Y, ''et al.'' |title=High resolution chromosome analysis of constitutional and acquired t(15;17) maps c-erbA to subband 17q11.2. |journal=Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. |volume=22 |issue= 2 |pages= 95-8 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3458521 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Pfahl M, Benbrook D | title = Nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding a novel human thyroid hormone receptor | journal = Nucleic Acids Research | volume = 15 | issue = 22 | pages = 9613 | date = Nov 1987 | pmid = 3684612 | pmc = 306505 | doi = 10.1093/nar/15.22.9613 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Benbrook D, Pfahl M |title=A novel thyroid hormone receptor encoded by a cDNA clone from a human testis library. |journal=Science |volume=238 |issue= 4828 |pages= 788-91 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3672126 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chen JD, Evans RM | title = A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors | journal = Nature | volume = 377 | issue = 6548 | pages = 454–7 | date = Oct 1995 | pmid = 7566127 | doi = 10.1038/377454a0 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pfahl M, Benbrook D |title=Nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding a novel human thyroid hormone receptor. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=15 |issue= 22 |pages= 9613 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3684612 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Desai-Yajnik V, Hadzic E, Modlinger P, Malhotra S, Gechlik G, Samuels HH | title = Interactions of thyroid hormone receptor with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat and the HIV-1 Tat transactivator | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 69 | issue = 8 | pages = 5103–12 | date = Aug 1995 | pmid = 7609079 | pmc = 189328 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Spurr NK, Solomon E, Jansson M, ''et al.'' |title=Chromosomal localisation of the human homologues to the oncogenes erbA and B. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= 159-63 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6323162 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lee JW, Choi HS, Gyuris J, Brent R, Moore DD | title = Two classes of proteins dependent on either the presence or absence of thyroid hormone for interaction with the thyroid hormone receptor | journal = Molecular Endocrinology | volume = 9 | issue = 2 | pages = 243–54 | date = Feb 1995 | pmid = 7776974 | doi = 10.1210/me.9.2.243 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Dayton AI, Selden JR, Laws G, ''et al.'' |title=A human c-erbA oncogene homologue is closely proximal to the chromosome 17 breakpoint in acute promyelocytic leukemia. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=81 |issue= 14 |pages= 4495-9 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6589608 |doi=  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Desai-Yajnik V, Samuels HH | title = Regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat: interactions of thyroid hormone receptor with retinoid-X receptor, nuclear factor kappa B, Sp1, and Tat | journal = Transactions of the Association of American Physicians | volume = 106 | issue =  | pages = 13–32 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8036737 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chen JD, Evans RM |title=A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors. |journal=Nature |volume=377 |issue= 6548 |pages= 454-7 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7566127 |doi= 10.1038/377454a0 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Desai-Yajnik V, Hadzic E, Modlinger P, ''et al.'' |title=Interactions of thyroid hormone receptor with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat and the HIV-1 Tat transactivator. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=69 |issue= 8 |pages= 5103-12 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7609079 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lee JW, Choi HS, Gyuris J, ''et al.'' |title=Two classes of proteins dependent on either the presence or absence of thyroid hormone for interaction with the thyroid hormone receptor. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=9 |issue= 2 |pages= 243-54 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7776974 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Desai-Yajnik V, Samuels HH |title=Regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat: interactions of thyroid hormone receptor with retinoid-X receptor, nuclear factor kappa B, Sp1, and Tat. |journal=Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians |volume=106 |issue=  |pages= 13-32 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8036737 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
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{{PDB Gallery|geneid=7067}}
{{Transcription factors|g2}}
{{Thyroid hormone receptor modulators}}


{{protein-stub}}
{{Transcription factors}}
[[Category:Intracellular receptors]]
[[Category:Intracellular receptors]]
[[Category:Transcription factors]]
[[Category:Transcription factors]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 21:32, 16 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TR-alpha) also known as nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group A, member 1 (NR1A1), is a nuclear receptor protein that in humans is encoded by the THRA gene.[1][2][3]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a nuclear hormone receptor for triiodothyronine. It is one of the several receptors for thyroid hormone, and has been shown to mediate the biological activities of thyroid hormone. Knockout studies in mice suggest that the different receptors, while having certain extent of redundancy, may mediate different functions of thyroid hormone. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.[1]

Interactions

THR1 has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: THRA thyroid hormone receptor, alpha (erythroblastic leukemia viral (v-erb-a) oncogene homolog, avian)".
  2. ↑ Spurr NK, Solomon E, Jansson M, Sheer D, Goodfellow PN, Bodmer WF, Vennstrom B (Jan 1984). "Chromosomal localisation of the human homologues to the oncogenes erbA and B". The EMBO Journal. 3 (1): 159–63. PMC 557313. PMID 6323162.
  3. ↑ Dayton AI, Selden JR, Laws G, Dorney DJ, Finan J, Tripputi P, Emanuel BS, Rovera G, Nowell PC, Croce CM (Jul 1984). "A human c-erbA oncogene homologue is closely proximal to the chromosome 17 breakpoint in acute promyelocytic leukemia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 81 (14): 4495–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.81.14.4495. PMC 345617. PMID 6589608.
  4. ↑ Dressel U, Thormeyer D, Altincicek B, Paululat A, Eggert M, Schneider S, Tenbaum SP, Renkawitz R, Baniahmad A (May 1999). "Alien, a highly conserved protein with characteristics of a corepressor for members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 19 (5): 3383–94. doi:10.1128/mcb.19.5.3383. PMC 84131. PMID 10207062.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 De Luca A, Severino A, De Paolis P, Cottone G, De Luca L, De Falco M, Porcellini A, Volpe M, Condorelli G (Feb 2003). "p300/cAMP-response-element-binding-protein ('CREB')-binding protein (CBP) modulates co-operation between myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) and thyroid hormone receptor-retinoid X receptor". The Biochemical Journal. 369 (Pt 3): 477–84. doi:10.1042/BJ20020057. PMC 1223100. PMID 12371907.
  6. ↑ Li D, Wang F, Samuels HH (Dec 2001). "Domain structure of the NRIF3 family of coregulators suggests potential dual roles in transcriptional regulation". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (24): 8371–84. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.24.8371-8384.2001. PMC 100002. PMID 11713274.
  7. ↑ Li D, Desai-Yajnik V, Lo E, Schapira M, Abagyan R, Samuels HH (Oct 1999). "NRIF3 is a novel coactivator mediating functional specificity of nuclear hormone receptors". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 19 (10): 7191–202. doi:10.1128/mcb.19.10.7191. PMC 84712. PMID 10490654.
  8. ↑ Yuan CX, Ito M, Fondell JD, Fu ZY, Roeder RG (Jul 1998). "The TRAP220 component of a thyroid hormone receptor- associated protein (TRAP) coactivator complex interacts directly with nuclear receptors in a ligand-dependent fashion". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (14): 7939–44. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.14.7939. PMC 20908. PMID 9653119.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Ito M, Yuan CX, Malik S, Gu W, Fondell JD, Yamamura S, Fu ZY, Zhang X, Qin J, Roeder RG (Mar 1999). "Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators". Molecular Cell. 3 (3): 361–70. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80463-3. PMID 10198638.
  10. ↑ Lee SK, Anzick SL, Choi JE, Bubendorf L, Guan XY, Jung YK, Kallioniemi OP, Kononen J, Trent JM, Azorsa D, Jhun BH, Cheong JH, Lee YC, Meltzer PS, Lee JW (Nov 1999). "A nuclear factor, ASC-2, as a cancer-amplified transcriptional coactivator essential for ligand-dependent transactivation by nuclear receptors in vivo". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (48): 34283–93. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.48.34283. PMID 10567404.
  11. ↑ Lee SK, Na SY, Jung SY, Choi JE, Jhun BH, Cheong J, Meltzer PS, Lee YC, Lee JW (Jun 2000). "Activating protein-1, nuclear factor-kappaB, and serum response factor as novel target molecules of the cancer-amplified transcription coactivator ASC-2". Molecular Endocrinology. 14 (6): 915–25. doi:10.1210/mend.14.6.0471. PMID 10847592.
  12. ↑ Chang KH, Chen Y, Chen TT, Chou WH, Chen PL, Ma YY, Yang-Feng TL, Leng X, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW, Lee WH (Aug 1997). "A thyroid hormone receptor coactivator negatively regulated by the retinoblastoma protein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 94 (17): 9040–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.17.9040. PMC 23019. PMID 9256431.
  13. ↑ Tan F, Lu L, Cai Y, Wang J, Xie Y, Wang L, Gong Y, Xu BE, Wu J, Luo Y, Qiang B, Yuan J, Sun X, Peng X (Jul 2008). "Proteomic analysis of ubiquitinated proteins in normal hepatocyte cell line Chang liver cells". Proteomics. 8 (14): 2885–96. doi:10.1002/pmic.200700887. PMID 18655026.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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