Photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor

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External IDsGeneCards: [1]
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The photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor (PNR), also known as NR2E3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group E, member 3), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR2E3 gene.[1] PNR is a member of the nuclear receptor super family of intracellular transcription factors.

Function

PNR is exclusively expressed in the retina. The main target genes of PNR are rhodopsin and several opsins which are essential for sight.[2]

Clinical significance

Mutations in the NR2E3 gene have been linked to several inherited retinal diseases, including enhanced S-cone syndrome (ESCS),[3] a form of retinitis pigmentosa,[4] and Goldmann-Favre syndrome.[5]

References

  1. Kobayashi M, Takezawa S, Hara K, Yu RT, Umesono Y, Agata K, Taniwaki M, Yasuda K, Umesono K (Apr 1999). "Identification of a photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (9): 4814–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.9.4814. PMC 21774. PMID 10220376.
  2. Milam AH, Rose L, Cideciyan AV, Barakat MR, Tang WX, Gupta N, Aleman TS, Wright AF, Stone EM, Sheffield VC, Jacobson SG (Jan 2002). "The nuclear receptor NR2E3 plays a role in human retinal photoreceptor differentiation and degeneration". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (1): 473–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.022533099. PMC 117584. PMID 11773633.
  3. Haider NB, Jacobson SG, Cideciyan AV, Swiderski R, Streb LM, Searby C, Beck G, Hockey R, Hanna DB, Gorman S, Duhl D, Carmi R, Bennett J, Weleber RG, Fishman GA, Wright AF, Stone EM, Sheffield VC (Feb 2000). "Mutation of a nuclear receptor gene, NR2E3, causes enhanced S cone syndrome, a disorder of retinal cell fate". Nature Genetics. 24 (2): 127–31. doi:10.1038/72777. PMID 10655056.
  4. Gerber S, Rozet JM, Takezawa SI, dos Santos LC, Lopes L, Gribouval O, Penet C, Perrault I, Ducroq D, Souied E, Jeanpierre M, Romana S, Frézal J, Ferraz F, Yu-Umesono R, Munnich A, Kaplan J (Sep 2000). "The photoreceptor cell-specific nuclear receptor gene (PNR) accounts for retinitis pigmentosa in the Crypto-Jews from Portugal (Marranos), survivors from the Spanish Inquisition". Human Genetics. 107 (3): 276–84. doi:10.1007/s004390000350. PMID 11071390.
  5. Chavala SH, Sari A, Lewis H, Pauer GJ, Simpson E, Hagstrom SA, Traboulsi EI (Aug 2005). "An Arg311Gln NR2E3 mutation in a family with classic Goldmann-Favre syndrome". The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 89 (8): 1065–6. doi:10.1136/bjo.2005.068130. PMC 1772771. PMID 16024868.

Further reading

External links