Superior vena cava syndrome staging: Difference between revisions
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==Staging== | ==Staging== | ||
The table below summarizes the different stages of superior vena cava syndrome, categorizing them according to clinical severity. | The table below summarizes the different stages of superior vena cava syndrome, categorizing them according to clinical severity. | ||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 800px" align=center | |||
|valign=top| | |||
|+ | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 50px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Grade}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Category}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 50px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Incidence}} | |||
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Definition}} | |||
|- | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"| 0 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|Asymptomatic | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|10 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|Radiographic superior vena cava obstruction in the absence of symptoms | |||
|- | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"|1 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|Mild | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|25 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|Edema in head or neck (vascular distention), cyanosis, plethora | |||
|- | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"| 2 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"| Moderate | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|50 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|Edema in head or neck with functional impairment (mild dysphagia, cough, mild or moderate impairment of head, jaw or eyelid movements, visual disturbances caused by ocular edema) | |||
|- | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"| 3 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"| Severe | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|10 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|Mild or moderate cerebral edema (headache, dizziness) or mild/moderate laryngeal edema or diminished cardiac reserve (syncope after bending) | |||
|- | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"| 4 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|Life-threatening | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|5 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|Significant cerebral edema (confusion, obtundation) or significant laryngeal edema (stridor) or significant hemodynamic compromise (syncope without precipitating factors, hypotension, renal insufficiency) | |||
|- | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"| 5 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"| Fatal | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;text-align:center;"|< 1 | |||
|style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"|Death | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} |
Revision as of 21:07, 18 January 2016
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Microchapters |
Differentiating Superior Vena Cava Syndrome from Other Diseases |
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Superior vena cava syndrome staging On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Superior vena cava syndrome staging |
Directions to Hospitals Treating Superior vena cava syndrome |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Superior vena cava syndrome staging |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
According to the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, there are 5 stages of superior vena cava syndrome based on the severity and incidence. Each stage is assigned a grade and a description that designate disease severity.[1][2]
Staging
The table below summarizes the different stages of superior vena cava syndrome, categorizing them according to clinical severity.
Grade | Category | Incidence | Definition |
---|---|---|---|
0 | Asymptomatic | 10 | Radiographic superior vena cava obstruction in the absence of symptoms |
1 | Mild | 25 | Edema in head or neck (vascular distention), cyanosis, plethora |
2 | Moderate | 50 | Edema in head or neck with functional impairment (mild dysphagia, cough, mild or moderate impairment of head, jaw or eyelid movements, visual disturbances caused by ocular edema) |
3 | Severe | 10 | Mild or moderate cerebral edema (headache, dizziness) or mild/moderate laryngeal edema or diminished cardiac reserve (syncope after bending) |
4 | Life-threatening | 5 | Significant cerebral edema (confusion, obtundation) or significant laryngeal edema (stridor) or significant hemodynamic compromise (syncope without precipitating factors, hypotension, renal insufficiency) |
5 | Fatal | < 1 | Death |
References
- ↑ Yu JB, Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC (2008). "Superior vena cava syndrome--a proposed classification system and algorithm for management". J Thorac Oncol. 3 (8): 811–4. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181804791. PMID 18670297.
- ↑ Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC, Yahalom J (2007). "Clinical practice. Superior vena cava syndrome with malignant causes". N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (18): 1862–9. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp067190. PMID 17476012.