Superior vena cava syndrome staging: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
According to the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, there are 5 stages of | According to the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, there are 5 stages of superior vena cava syndrome based on the severity and incidence. Each stage is assigned a grade and a description that designate disease severity.<ref name="pmid18670297">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yu JB, Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC |title=Superior vena cava syndrome--a proposed classification system and algorithm for management |journal=J Thorac Oncol |volume=3 |issue=8 |pages=811–4 |year=2008 |pmid=18670297 |doi=10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181804791 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17476012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC, Yahalom J |title=Clinical practice. Superior vena cava syndrome with malignant causes |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=356 |issue=18 |pages=1862–9 |year=2007 |pmid=17476012 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp067190 |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Staging== | ==Staging== | ||
The table below summarizes the different stages of superior vena cava syndrome, categorizing them according to clinical severity. | |||
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Revision as of 20:51, 18 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
According to the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, there are 5 stages of superior vena cava syndrome based on the severity and incidence. Each stage is assigned a grade and a description that designate disease severity.[1][2]
Staging
The table below summarizes the different stages of superior vena cava syndrome, categorizing them according to clinical severity.
Grade | Category | Incidence % | Definition |
---|---|---|---|
0 | Asymptomatic | 10 | Radiographic superior vena cava obstruction in the absence of symptoms |
1 | Mild | 25 | Edema in head or neck (vascular distention), cyanosis, plethora |
2 | Moderate | 50 | Edema in head or neck with functional impairment (mild dysphagia, cough, mild or moderate impairment of head, jaw or eyelid movements, visual disturbances caused by ocular edema) |
3 | Severe | 10 | Mild or moderate cerebral edema (headache, dizziness) or mild/moderate laryngeal edema or diminished cardiac reserve (syncope after bending) |
4 | Life-threatening | 5 | Significant cerebral edema (confusion, obtundation) or significant laryngeal edema (stridor) or significant hemodynamic compromise (syncope without precipitating factors, hypotension, renal insufficiency) |
5 | Fatal | < 1 | Death |
References
- ↑ Yu JB, Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC (2008). "Superior vena cava syndrome--a proposed classification system and algorithm for management". J Thorac Oncol. 3 (8): 811–4. doi:10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181804791. PMID 18670297.
- ↑ Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC, Yahalom J (2007). "Clinical practice. Superior vena cava syndrome with malignant causes". N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (18): 1862–9. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp067190. PMID 17476012.