Sepsis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

The process of infection by bacteria or fungi can result in systemic signs and symptoms that are variously described. In rough order of severity, these are bacteremia or fungemia; septicemia; sepsis, severe sepsis or sepsis syndrome; septic shock; refractory septic shock; multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. The condition develops as a response to certain microbial molecules which trigger the production and release of cellular mediators, such as tumor necrosis factors (TNF); these act to stimulate immune response.

Causes

Common Causes

Sepsis is caused by a bacterial infection that can begin anywhere in the body. Common places where an infection might start include:

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Acute bacterial endocarditis, Myocardial ring abscess, Subacute bacterial endocarditis
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat Pharyngitis, Sinusitis, Bronchitis, Otitis media
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Esophagitis, Gastritis, Pancreatitis, Small intestine disorder, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Abscess, Intestinal obstruction, Instrumentation
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Osteomyelitis, wound infections
Neurologic Acute bacterial meningitis
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Community-acquired pneumonia, Empyema, Lung abscess
Renal / Electrolyte Pyelonephritis, Intranephric abscess or perinephric abscess, Renal calculi, Urinary tract obstruction, Acute prostatitis/abscess, Chronic kidney disease, Instrumentation, Urethritis, Cystitis, Cervicitis, Vaginitis, Catheter-associated bacteriuria
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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