Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Despite the wide variety of diseases that cause RPGN, all types of RPGN are characterized by glomeruluar injury and the formation of crescents. Severe injury and GBM rupture leads to the leakage of [[plasma protein]]s through the GBM. Of these proteins, [[fibrin]] is thought to contribute most strongly to crescent formation. [[Epithelial cell]]s lining the [[Bowman capsule]] respond to the leaked fibrin and proliferate. Infiltrating [[white blood cell]]s such as [[monocyte]]s and [[macrophage]]s may also proliferate. These proliferating cells surround and compress the glomerulus, forming a crescent-shaped scar that is readily visible on [[light microscopy]] of a [[renal biopsy]].<ref name="robbins"/>
In rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis The most common early presentation is  flulike symptoms characterized by [[malaise]], [[fever]], [[arthralgias]], [[myalgias]], [[anorexia]], and weight loss. This is seen in more than 90% of patients. Following the prodrome, the other symptoms include  abdominal pain, painful cutaneous nodules or ulcerations, and a [[migratory polyarthropathy]]. When pulmonary or upper airway involvement is present, patients complain of [[sinusitis symptoms]], [[cough]], and [[hemoptysis]].


==History and Symptoms==
==History ==
Most types of RPGN are characterized by severe and rapid loss of kidney function featuring:
Patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis may have a positive history of<ref name="pmid12631105">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC |title=Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=1164–77 |date=March 2003 |pmid=12631105 |doi=10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00843.x |url=}}</ref>
*Severe [[hematuria]] (blood in the urine)
* Anuria
*[[Red blood cell cast]]s in the urine
* [[Oliguria]]
*[[proteinuria]] (protein in the urine)
* Macroscopic hematuria
* Edema


Some patients also experience:
==Symptoms==
*[[Hypertension]] (high blood pressure)
*[[Edema]] (fluid retention)


Severe disease is characterized by pronounced
=== Common Symptoms ===
*[[Oliguria]]
Common symptoms of [disease] include:<ref name="pmid12631105" />
*[[aAnuria]]
* Malaise
* Fever
* Arthralgias
* Myalgias
* Anorexia
* Weight loss


When the cause of RPGN is [[Goodpasture syndrome]] or [[vasculitis]] that involves the lungs (such as [[Wegener granulomatosis]]), the lungs and upper airway may be involved. Patients with such underlying diseases may present with:
* Macroscopic hematuria
* Edema
* Oliguria
* Cough
 
=== Less Common Symptoms ===
* Abdominal pain
* Painful cutaneous nodules or ulcerations
* Migratory polyarthropathy.
 
*Severe [[hematuria]]
*[[Dyspnea]]
 
When the cause of RPGN is [[Goodpasture syndrome]] or [[vasculitis]] that involves the lungs (such as [[Wegener granulomatosis]]), patients may present with:
*[[Cough]]
*[[Cough]]
*[[Hemoptysis]]
*[[Hemoptysis]]
*[[Dyspnea]]
*[[Dyspnea]]
*Nasal bleeding, obstruction, or [[sinusitis]].{{Fact|date=October 2007}}
*Nasal bleeding, obstruction, or [[sinusitis]].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 18:56, 30 July 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nazia Fuad M.D.

Overview

In rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis The most common early presentation is flulike symptoms characterized by malaise, fever, arthralgias, myalgias, anorexia, and weight loss. This is seen in more than 90% of patients. Following the prodrome, the other symptoms include abdominal pain, painful cutaneous nodules or ulcerations, and a migratory polyarthropathy. When pulmonary or upper airway involvement is present, patients complain of sinusitis symptoms, cough, and hemoptysis.

History

Patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis may have a positive history of[1]

  • Anuria
  • Oliguria
  • Macroscopic hematuria
  • Edema

Symptoms

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of [disease] include:[1]

  • Malaise
  • Fever
  • Arthralgias
  • Myalgias
  • Anorexia
  • Weight loss
  • Macroscopic hematuria
  • Edema
  • Oliguria
  • Cough

Less Common Symptoms

  • Abdominal pain
  • Painful cutaneous nodules or ulcerations
  • Migratory polyarthropathy.

When the cause of RPGN is Goodpasture syndrome or vasculitis that involves the lungs (such as Wegener granulomatosis), patients may present with:

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Jennette JC (March 2003). "Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis". Kidney Int. 63 (3): 1164–77. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00843.x. PMID 12631105.

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