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{{DiseaseDisorder infobox |
__NOTOC__
  Name          = Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|N|70||n|70}}-{{ICD10|N|77||n|70}}|
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|614}}-{{ICD9|616}} |
  ICDO          = |
  Image          = |
  Caption        = |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = |
  eMedicineSubj  = |
  eMedicineTopic = |
  DiseasesDB    = 9748 |
}}
{{Pelvic inflammatory disease}}
{{Pelvic inflammatory disease}}


'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{MehdiP}}


==Overview==
{{SK}} PID
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease overview|Overview]]==


== Etiology ==
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


==[[Epidemiology]]==
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


==Diagnosis==
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease causes|Causes]]==
===Differential diagnosis===


==Prognosis==
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease differential diagnosis|Differentiating Pelvic Inflammatory Disease from other Diseases]]==


==Treatment==
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
Treatment depends on the cause and generally involves use of [[antibiotic]] therapy.  If the patient has not improved within two to three days after beginning treatment with the antibiotics, they should return to the hospital for further treatment.  Drugs should also be given orally and/or intravaneously to the patient while in the hospital to begin treatment immediately to increase the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.  Hospitalization may be necessary if Tubo-ovarian abscess, very ill, immunodeficient, pregnancy, incompetence, or because this or something else life threatening can not be ruled out.  Treating partners for STD's is a very important part of treatment and prevention. Anyone with PID and partners of patients with PID since six months prior to diagnosis should be treated to prevent reinfection.  Psychotherapy is highly recommended to women diagnosed with PID as the fear of redeveloping the disease after being cured may exist. It is important for a patient to communicate any issues and/or uncertainties they may have to a doctor, especially a specialist such as a gynecologist, and in doing so, to seek follow-up care.
 
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


A systematic review of the literature related to PID treatment was performed prior to the 2006 [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]] sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines. Strong evidence suggests that neither site nor route of antibiotic administration affects the short or long-term major outcome of women with mild or moderate disease. Data on women with severe disease was inadequate to influence the results of the study. <ref name="pmid17342664">{{cite journal |author=Walker CK, Wiesenfeld HC |title=Antibiotic therapy for acute pelvic inflammatory disease: the 2006 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines |journal=Clin. Infect. Dis. |volume=44 Suppl 3 |issue= |pages=S111–22 |year=2007 |pmid=17342664 |doi=10.1086/511424}}</ref>
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease natural history|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==


==Prevention==
==[[Pelvic inflammatory disease diagnosis|Diagnosis]]==
*Risk reduction against sexually transmitted diseases through [[abstinence]] or barrier methods such as [[condoms]], see [[human sexual behavior]] for other listings.
[[Pelvic inflammatory disease diagnostic criteria|Diagnostic Criteria]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease CT|CT]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease MRI|MRI]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease echocardiography or ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
*Going to the doctor immediately if symptoms of PID, [[sexually transmitted disease]]s appear, or after learning that a current or former sex partner has, or might have had a sexually transmitted disease.
* Getting regular [[Gynecology|gynecological]] (pelvic) exams with [[STD]] testing to screen for symptomless PID. <ref name="pmid17888100">{{cite journal |author=Smith KJ, Cook RL, Roberts MS |title=Time from sexually transmitted infection acquisition to pelvic inflammatory disease development: influence on the cost-effectiveness of different screening intervals |journal=Value Health |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=358–66 |year=2007 |pmid=17888100 |doi=10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00189.x}}</ref>
* Discussing sexual history with a trusted physician in order to get properly screened for sexually transmitted diseases.
* Regularly scheduling [[STD]] testing with a physician and discussing which tests will be performed that session.
* Getting a [[STD]] history from your current partner and insisting they be tested and treated before intercourse.
* Understanding when a partner says that they have been [[STD]] tested they usually mean [[chlamydia]] and [[gonorrhea]] in the US, but that those are not all of the sexually transmissible diseases.
* Treating partners so you don't become reinfected or they do not infect another.


==Other diseases that can lead to or be involved in PID==
==Treatment==
# [[Salpingitis]], any infection of the fallopian tubes.
[[Pelvic inflammatory disease medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease surgery|Surgery]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Pelvic inflammatory disease future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
# Tubo-ovarian abscess an [[abscess]] of the fallopian tube or ovary.
# [[Endometritis]]
# Pelvic [[peritonitis]]
# The [[Dalkon Shield]] (withdrawn from the market in 1975 for this reason)
# [[Bacterial Vaginosis]]


==References==
==Case Studies==
{{Reflist|2}}
[[Pelvic inflammatory disease case study one|Case #1]]


==External links==
==External Links==
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pelvicinflammatorydisease.html#diagnosissymptoms NIH/Medline]
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/pelvicinflammatorydisease.html#diagnosissymptoms NIH/Medline]
* [http://www.cdc.gov/std/PID/STDFact-PID.htm CDC]
* [http://www.cdc.gov/std/PID/STDFact-PID.htm CDC]
* [http://www.health.am/gyneco/more/pelvic_inflammatory_disease_pid_salpingitis_endometritis/ Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID; Salpingitis, Endometritis)]
==Additional Resources==
* Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis Treatment. Alan Decherney and Lauren Nathan. 9th Ed. 2003: pgs 729-731. ISBN 0-8385-1401-4
* Carpenter, Griggs, Loscalzo. Cecil's essentials of medicine 5th ed. 2001: pages 623-625. ISBN 0-7216-8179-4
* Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th ed. ISBN 0-07-007272-8 
<br>


{{Diseases of the pelvis, genitals and breasts}}
{{Diseases of the pelvis, genitals and breasts}}
[[nl:Eileiderontsteking]]
[[nl:Eileiderontsteking]]
[[pt:Doença inflamatória pélvica]]
[[pt:Doença inflamatória pélvica]]
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[[Category:Sexually transmitted diseases]]
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Latest revision as of 23:36, 29 July 2020

Pelvic inflammatory disease Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

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Differentiating Pelvic Inflammatory Disease from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: PID

Overview

Historical Perspective

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Pelvic Inflammatory Disease from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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