Pancytopenia

Pancytopenia is not equivalent with bone marrow suppression. Pancytopenia is a lab finding that may related to either bone marrow suppression or peripheral sequestration/destruction. For details about bone marrow suppression click here.

WikiDoc Resources for Pancytopenia
Articles
Most recent articles on Pancytopenia Most cited articles on Pancytopenia Review articles on Pancytopenia Articles on Pancytopenia in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Pancytopenia Images of Pancytopenia Photos of Pancytopenia Podcasts & MP3s on Pancytopenia Videos on Pancytopenia
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Pancytopenia Bandolier on Pancytopenia TRIP on Pancytopenia
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Pancytopenia at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Pancytopenia Clinical Trials on Pancytopenia at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Pancytopenia NICE Guidance on Pancytopenia NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Pancytopenia CDC on Pancytopenia
Books
Books on Pancytopenia
News
Pancytopenia in the news Be alerted to news on Pancytopenia News trends on Pancytopenia
Commentary
Blogs on Pancytopenia
Definitions
Definitions of Pancytopenia
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Pancytopenia Discussion groups on Pancytopenia Patient Handouts on Pancytopenia Directions to Hospitals Treating Pancytopenia Risk calculators and risk factors for Pancytopenia
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Pancytopenia Causes & Risk Factors for Pancytopenia Diagnostic studies for Pancytopenia Treatment of Pancytopenia
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Pancytopenia
International
Pancytopenia en Espanol Pancytopenia en Francais
Business
Pancytopenia in the Marketplace Patents on Pancytopenia
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Pancytopenia

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Pancytopenia is the reduction in numbers of all three bone marrow cell types (RBCs + WBCs + platelets). It is not a disease, but rather a lab finding that may related to bone marrow suppression caused by either insufficient production (aplastic anemia), inability of cells or mature (myelodysplasia), or replacement of normal bone marrow with fibrosis (myelofibrosis) or peripheral sequestration/destruction that is not related to the bone marrow (e.g. splenomegaly or hypersplenism). HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is itself a cause of pancytopenia. Chemotherapy is associated with pancytopenia. Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

• Aplastic anemia
• Folate deficiency
• Leishmaniasis
• Leukemia
• Megaloblastic anemia
• Myelodysplastic syndrome
• Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
• Viral infections e.g. (HIV most common)
• Vitamin B12 deficiency

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	Arsenic poisoning, arsenicals, benzene solvents, genotoxic therapy, glue vapors, gold, mutagen exposure, mutagen-detoxification (GSTq1-null), radium chloride, toxins, valproic acid poisoning
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Chediak-Higashi disease, dyskeratosis congenita, eosinophilic fasciitis, melanoma, reticular dysgenesis, reticulosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, xeroderma pigmentosum
Drug Side Effect	Acetaminophen and Oxycodone, aclarubicin, albendazole, alemtuzumab, alkylating antineoplastic agent, auranofin, azathioprine, aztreonam, boceprevir, busulfan, carbamazepine, carboplatin, cefadroxil, ceftazidime, certolizumab pegol, chemotherapy, chloramphenicol, chlorpromazine, chlorpropamide, cidofovir, clomipramine, cyclophosphamide, cytotoxic drugs, dactinomycin, docetaxel, doxorubicin, ethosuximide, febuxostat, flucytosine, gemcitabine, gemifloxacin mesylate, genotoxic therapy, idarubicin, indomethacin , infliximab, interferon beta-1a, lincomycin hydrochloride, minocycline hydrochloride, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ofatumumab, omacetaxine, oxaprozin, oxcarbazepine, penicillamine, phenacemide , phenylbutazone, piperacillin, pralatrexate, propylthiouracil, pyrimethamine, rabeprazole, sulfonamides , tamoxifen, temozolomide, thiothixene, tolazamide, tolbutamide, topoisomerase II interactive agents, trifluoperazine, trimethadione, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, valganciclovir hydrochloride
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.

3

Causes by Pathophysiology

Bone Marrow Failure

• Insufficient production (aplastic anemia)
• Inability of cells or mature (myelodysplasia)
• Replacement of normal bone marrow with fibrosis (myelofibrosis)

Peripheral Sequestration/Destruction

• Splenomegaly
• Hypersplenism

Congenital

• Cartilage hair hypoplasia
• Diamond-Blackfan syndrome
• Dubowitz syndrome
• Dyskeratosis congenita
• Familial aplastic anemia
• Fanconi's anemia
• Pearson syndrome
• Schwachman-Diamond syndrome
• TAR syndrome

Acquired

• Albers-Schonberg disease
• Banti's Syndrome
• Bone marrow tumor
• Cirrhosis
• Drugs/Toxins
• Felty's Syndrome
• Gaucher's Disease
• Graft-versus-host disease
• Infections
• Kala-Azar
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Lymphoproliferative Disorders
• Myelodysplastic syndrome
• Myelofibrosis
• Niemann-Pick Disease
• Osteoporosis
• Pernicious anemia
• Reticulosis
• Sarcoidosis
• Thymoma
• Tuberculosis

References

Template:WikiDoc Sources