Myxoma natural history
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]
Overview
Complications that can develop as a result of myxoma are: arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, peripheral emboli, metastasis, blockage of the mitral heart valve.
Natural History
Clinical onset of cardiac myxoma is strongly related with the size of the tumor. Normally, patients will start with constitutional symptoms followed by either valvular obstruction or embolic events. Since most of the cardiac myxomas are left sided, its commonly reported to present systemic embolic events (e.i stroke). On the other hand, valvular obstruction can present as pulmonary edema,dyspnea and orthopnea.
Complications
Complications are common. Some of the complications that may develop as a result of myxoma are:[1]
- Syncope
- Arrhythmias
- Pulmonary edema
- Peripheral emboli
- Metastasis
- Blockage of the mitral heart valve
- Sudden death
- Fusiform cerebral aneurysms
Prognosis
After surgery, the overall prognosis is favorable. Recurrence rates (either locally or elsewhere in the heart) reported in 1-3% of cases. In atypical cases the rate is much higher (12-22%).[2]. However, if left untreated, a myxoma may progress to develop embolism, cardiac arrhythmias, and death. If the tumor grows inside the atrium, it obstructs blood flow through the mitral valve and cause symptoms of mitral stenosis
References
- ↑ Atrial myxoma. Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_myxoma Accessed November 13, 2015
- ↑ Prognosis-Cardiac Myxoma.Radiopedia http://radiopaedia.org/articles/cardiac-myxoma Accessed on November 13,2015