Merkel cell cancer risk factors: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Risk factors for the development of [[merkel cell cancer]] include old age, male gender, caucasian race, chronic exposure to [[sunlight]], [[immunodeficiency]], and personal history of [[cancer]].
Risk factors for the development of merkel cell cancer include old age, male gender, caucasian race, chronic exposure to [[sunlight]], [[immunodeficiency]], and personal history of [[cancer]].
==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==


=== Common Risk Factors ===
=== Common Risk Factors ===
* Common risk factors in the development of [[merkel cell cancer]] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
* Common risk factors in the development of merkel cell cancer may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.


* Common risk factors for the development of [[merkel cell cancer]] include:<ref name="pmid18280333">{{cite journal| author=Heath M, Jaimes N, Lemos B, Mostaghimi A, Wang LC, Peñas PF et al.| title=Clinical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma at diagnosis in 195 patients: the AEIOU features. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2008 | volume= 58 | issue= 3 | pages= 375-81 | pmid=18280333 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2007.11.020 | pmc=PMC2335370 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18280333  }} </ref><ref name="pmid300858322">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schmerling RA, Casas JG, Cinat G, Ospina FEG, Kassuga LEBP, Tlahuel JLM, Mazzuoccolo LD |title=Burden of Disease, Early Diagnosis, and Treatment of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Latin America |journal=J Glob Oncol |volume= |issue=4 |pages=1–11 |date=July 2018 |pmid=30085832 |pmc=6223512 |doi=10.1200/JGO.18.00041 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25575645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clarke CA, Robbins HA, Tatalovich Z, Lynch CF, Pawlish KS, Finch JL, Hernandez BY, Fraumeni JF, Madeleine MM, Engels EA |title=Risk of merkel cell carcinoma after solid organ transplantation |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=107 |issue=2 |pages= |date=February 2015 |pmid=25575645 |pmc=4311175 |doi=10.1093/jnci/dju382 |url=}}</ref>
* Common risk factors for the development of merkel cell cancer include:<ref name="pmid18280333">{{cite journal| author=Heath M, Jaimes N, Lemos B, Mostaghimi A, Wang LC, Peñas PF et al.| title=Clinical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma at diagnosis in 195 patients: the AEIOU features. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2008 | volume= 58 | issue= 3 | pages= 375-81 | pmid=18280333 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2007.11.020 | pmc=PMC2335370 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18280333  }} </ref><ref name="pmid300858322">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schmerling RA, Casas JG, Cinat G, Ospina FEG, Kassuga LEBP, Tlahuel JLM, Mazzuoccolo LD |title=Burden of Disease, Early Diagnosis, and Treatment of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Latin America |journal=J Glob Oncol |volume= |issue=4 |pages=1–11 |date=July 2018 |pmid=30085832 |pmc=6223512 |doi=10.1200/JGO.18.00041 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25575645">{{cite journal |vauthors=Clarke CA, Robbins HA, Tatalovich Z, Lynch CF, Pawlish KS, Finch JL, Hernandez BY, Fraumeni JF, Madeleine MM, Engels EA |title=Risk of merkel cell carcinoma after solid organ transplantation |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=107 |issue=2 |pages= |date=February 2015 |pmid=25575645 |pmc=4311175 |doi=10.1093/jnci/dju382 |url=}}</ref>
** [[Mutations]] in the [[DNA]] due to polyomaviruses  
** [[Mutations]] in the [[DNA]] due to polyomaviruses  
** Chronic exposure to [[sunlight]]
** Chronic exposure to [[sunlight]]
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=== Less Common Risk Factors ===
=== Less Common Risk Factors ===
* Less common risk factors in the development of  [[merkel cell cancer]] include:<ref name="pmid29102486">{{cite journal |vauthors=Paulson KG, Park SY, Vandeven NA, Lachance K, Thomas H, Chapuis AG, Harms KL, Thompson JA, Bhatia S, Stang A, Nghiem P |title=Merkel cell carcinoma: Current US incidence and projected increases based on changing demographics |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=78 |issue=3 |pages=457–463.e2 |date=March 2018 |pmid=29102486 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.10.028 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19638070">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albores-Saavedra J, Batich K, Chable-Montero F, Sagy N, Schwartz AM, Henson DE |title=Merkel cell carcinoma demographics, morphology, and survival based on 3870 cases: a population based study |journal=J. Cutan. Pathol. |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=20–7 |date=January 2010 |pmid=19638070 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01370.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid30085832">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schmerling RA, Casas JG, Cinat G, Ospina FEG, Kassuga LEBP, Tlahuel JLM, Mazzuoccolo LD |title=Burden of Disease, Early Diagnosis, and Treatment of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Latin America |journal=J Glob Oncol |volume= |issue=4 |pages=1–11 |date=July 2018 |pmid=30085832 |pmc=6223512 |doi=10.1200/JGO.18.00041 |url=}}</ref>
* Less common risk factors in the development of  merkel cell cancer include:<ref name="pmid29102486">{{cite journal |vauthors=Paulson KG, Park SY, Vandeven NA, Lachance K, Thomas H, Chapuis AG, Harms KL, Thompson JA, Bhatia S, Stang A, Nghiem P |title=Merkel cell carcinoma: Current US incidence and projected increases based on changing demographics |journal=J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. |volume=78 |issue=3 |pages=457–463.e2 |date=March 2018 |pmid=29102486 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2017.10.028 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19638070">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albores-Saavedra J, Batich K, Chable-Montero F, Sagy N, Schwartz AM, Henson DE |title=Merkel cell carcinoma demographics, morphology, and survival based on 3870 cases: a population based study |journal=J. Cutan. Pathol. |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=20–7 |date=January 2010 |pmid=19638070 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01370.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid30085832">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schmerling RA, Casas JG, Cinat G, Ospina FEG, Kassuga LEBP, Tlahuel JLM, Mazzuoccolo LD |title=Burden of Disease, Early Diagnosis, and Treatment of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Latin America |journal=J Glob Oncol |volume= |issue=4 |pages=1–11 |date=July 2018 |pmid=30085832 |pmc=6223512 |doi=10.1200/JGO.18.00041 |url=}}</ref>
** Old [[age]] > 70 years
** Old [[age]] > 70 years
** Male gender
** Male gender

Latest revision as of 02:28, 31 January 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]

Overview

Risk factors for the development of merkel cell cancer include old age, male gender, caucasian race, chronic exposure to sunlight, immunodeficiency, and personal history of cancer.

Risk Factors

Common Risk Factors

  • Common risk factors in the development of merkel cell cancer may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.

Less Common Risk Factors

  • Less common risk factors in the development of merkel cell cancer include:[4][5][6]
    • Old age > 70 years
    • Male gender
    • Fair skin
    • Personal history of cancers
    • Caucasian race


References

  1. ↑ Heath M, Jaimes N, Lemos B, Mostaghimi A, Wang LC, Peñas PF; et al. (2008). "Clinical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma at diagnosis in 195 patients: the AEIOU features". J Am Acad Dermatol. 58 (3): 375–81. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2007.11.020. PMC 2335370. PMID 18280333.
  2. ↑ Schmerling RA, Casas JG, Cinat G, Ospina F, Kassuga L, Tlahuel J, Mazzuoccolo LD (July 2018). "Burden of Disease, Early Diagnosis, and Treatment of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Latin America". J Glob Oncol (4): 1–11. doi:10.1200/JGO.18.00041. PMC 6223512. PMID 30085832. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
  3. ↑ Clarke CA, Robbins HA, Tatalovich Z, Lynch CF, Pawlish KS, Finch JL, Hernandez BY, Fraumeni JF, Madeleine MM, Engels EA (February 2015). "Risk of merkel cell carcinoma after solid organ transplantation". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 107 (2). doi:10.1093/jnci/dju382. PMC 4311175. PMID 25575645.
  4. ↑ Paulson KG, Park SY, Vandeven NA, Lachance K, Thomas H, Chapuis AG, Harms KL, Thompson JA, Bhatia S, Stang A, Nghiem P (March 2018). "Merkel cell carcinoma: Current US incidence and projected increases based on changing demographics". J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 78 (3): 457–463.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.10.028. PMID 29102486.
  5. ↑ Albores-Saavedra J, Batich K, Chable-Montero F, Sagy N, Schwartz AM, Henson DE (January 2010). "Merkel cell carcinoma demographics, morphology, and survival based on 3870 cases: a population based study". J. Cutan. Pathol. 37 (1): 20–7. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.2009.01370.x. PMID 19638070.
  6. ↑ Schmerling RA, Casas JG, Cinat G, Ospina F, Kassuga L, Tlahuel J, Mazzuoccolo LD (July 2018). "Burden of Disease, Early Diagnosis, and Treatment of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Latin America". J Glob Oncol (4): 1–11. doi:10.1200/JGO.18.00041. PMC 6223512. PMID 30085832. Vancouver style error: initials (help)


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