Merkel cell cancer causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common causes of merkel cell carcinoma include merkel cell polyomavirus, age, skin tone, exposure to sunlight and history of immunosuppression.

Cause

Merkel cell cancer is caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) infection.[1]

Common Causes

Common causes of merkel cell carcinoma may include:

  • Merkel cell polyomavirus
    • Especially MCPvy
  • Sunlight
  • Skin tone
  • Immunosuppression
    • Especially patients with HIV positive and organ transplant patients

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of merkel cell carcinoma include:

  • Age
    • The risk increases with the age and the median age is around 65 years or above
  • Location in the body from decreasing order
    • Head > Upper limb > Lower Limb > and Trunk

Genetic Causes



References

  1. Feng, H.; Shuda, M.; Chang, Y.; Moore, P. S. (2008). "Clonal Integration of a Polyomavirus in Human Merkel Cell Carcinoma". Science. 319 (5866): 1096–100. doi:10.1126/science.1152586. PMC 2740911. PMID 18202256.