High triglyceride causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [3]

Overview

Hypertriglyceridemia can occur due to various causes, including genetics, familial, metabolic and drugs.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Hypertriglyceridemia does not have life threatening causes.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Alström syndrome, apoprotein E deficiency, chylomicron levels raised (plasma), familial chylomicronemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, familial type 5, intermediate density lipoprotein levels raised (plasma or serum), metabolic syndrome, Reaven syndrome X
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic Systemic lupus erythematosus
Drug Side Effect Amprenavir, atazanavir sulfate, atypical antipsychotics, bendrofluazide, beta-blockers, bexarotene, chlorthalidone, clomiphene, colesevelam hydrochloride, colestyramine, combined oral contraceptive pill, desvenlafaxine, diuretics, estrogen replacement therapy, fosamprenavir, glucocorticoids, hydrochlorothiazide, interferon alpha, linagliptin, lopinavir, mirtazapine, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, olanzapine, oral isotretinoin, propofol, protease inhibitors, ritonavir, saquinavir, tamoxifen, temsirolimus, tipranavir, tocilizumab
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Cushing's syndrome, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, Reaven syndrome X
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Acute pancreatitis, Alagille syndrome, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 deficiency, cholesteryl ester storage disease, glycogen storage disease type 1, glycogenosis type 1a, liver cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Genetic Alagille syndrome, Alström syndrome, apoprotein E deficiency, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 deficiency, cholesteryl ester storage disease, congenital generalized lipodystrophy type 1, deficiency of apolipoprotein C2 , familial chylomicronemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial histiocytic reticulosis, familial hypertriglyceridemia, fish eye disease, glycogen storage disease type 1, glycogenosis type 1a, hyperlipoproteinemia, familial type 5, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, metabolic syndrome, Niemann-Pick disease type B, Reaven syndrome X, sphingomyelinase deficiency, Tangier disease
Hematologic Familial histiocytic reticulosis
Iatrogenic Parenteral nutrition
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Systemic lupus erythematosus
Neurologic Niemann-Pick disease type B, sphingomyelinase deficiency
Nutritional/Metabolic Alcohol, apoprotein E deficiency, chylomicron levels raised (plasma), deficiency of apolipoprotein C2, familial chylomicronemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, familial hypertriglyceridemia, glycogen storage disease type 1, glycogenosis type 1a, high carbohydrate or high glycemic index, hyperlipoproteinemia, familial type 5, intermediate density lipoprotein levels raised (plasma or serum), lipodystrophy, lipoprotein lipase deficiency, metabolic syndrome, obesity, Reaven syndrome X, Tangier disease, very low density lipoprotein levels raised (plasma or serum), vitamin E deficiency, familial isolated
Obstetric/Gynecologic Polycystic ovary syndrome, pregnancy
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic Diabetes mellitus, Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency
Overdose/Toxicity Alcohol
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Chronic kidney disease, chronic renal insufficiency, diabetes mellitus, nephrotic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Macrophage activation syndrome, metabolic syndrome, paraproteinemias, Reaven syndrome X, systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Alcohol

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Kolovou GD, Anagnostopoulou KK, Kostakou PM, Bilianou H, Mikhailidis DP (2009). "Primary and secondary hypertriglyceridaemia". Curr Drug Targets. 10 (4): 336–43. PMID 19355858.
  2. Fallat RW, Glueck CJ (1976). "Familial and acquired type V hyperlipoproteinemia". Atherosclerosis. 23 (1): 41–62. PMID 1078394.

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