Helicobacter pylori infection differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:01, 23 January 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Helicobacter pylori infection must be differentiated from other diseases that cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, epigastric pain and unexplained weight loss such as atrophic gastritis, GERD, gastrinoma, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, stress-induced gastritis and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Differential Diagnosis

H. pylori infection must be differentiated from:^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]

Disease	Cause	Symptoms									Diagnosis	Other findings
		Pain			Nausea & Vomiting	Heartburn	Belching or Bloating	Weight loss	Loss of Appetite	Stools	Endoscopy findings
		Location	Aggravating Factors	Alleviating Factors	Nausea & Vomiting	Heartburn	Belching or Bloating	Weight loss	Loss of Appetite	Stools	Endoscopy findings
Acute gastritis	H. pylori NSAIDS Corticosteroids Alcohol Spicy food Viral infections Crohn's disease Autoimmune diseases Bile reflux Cocaine use Breathing machine or ventilator Ingestion of corrosives	Epigastric pain	Food	Antacids	✔	✔	✔	-	✔	Black stools	Pangastritis or antral gastritis Erosive (Superficial, deep, hemorrhagic) Nonerosive (H. pylori)	-
Chronic gastritis	H. pylori Alcohol Medications Autoimmune diseases Chronic stress	Epigastric pain	Food	Antacids	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	-	H. pylori gastritis Atrophy Intestinal metaplasia Lymphocytic gastritis Enlarged folds Aphthoid erosions	-
Atrophic gastritis	H. pylori Autoimmune disease	Epigastric pain	-	-	✔	-		✔	✔	-	H. pylori Mucosal atrophy Autoimmune Mucosal atrophy	Iron deficiency anemia Autoimmune gastritis diagnosis include: Antiparietal and anti-IF antibodies Achlorhydria and hypergastrinemia Low serum cobalamine
Crohn's disease	Autoimmune disease	Abdominal pain	-	-	-	-	-	✔	✔	Chronic diarrhea often bloody with pus or mucus Rectal bleeding	Mucosal nodularity with cobblestoning Multiple aphthous ulcers Linier or serpiginous ulcerations Thickened antral folds Antral narrowing Hypoperistalsis Duodenal strictures	Fever Fatigue Anemia (pernicious anemia)
GERD	Lower esophageal sphincter abnormalities Hiatal hernia Abnormal esophageal contractions Prolonged emptying of stomach Gastrinomas	Epigastric pain	Spicy food Tight fitting clothing	Antacids Head elevation during sleep	✔ (Suspect delayed gastric emptying)	✔	-	-	-	-	Esophagitis Barrette esophagus Strictures	Other symptoms: Dysphagia Regurgitation Nocturnal cough Hoarseness Complications Esophagitis Strictures Barrette esophagus
Peptic ulcer disease	H. pylori Smoking Alcohol Radiation therapy Medications Zollinger-ellison syndrome	Epigastric pain sometimes extending to back Right upper quadrant pain	Duodenal ulcer Pain aggravates with empty stomach Gastric ulcer Pain aggravates with food	Antacids Duodenal ulcer Pain alleviates with food	✔	✔	-	-	-	Black stools	Gastric ulcers Discrete mucosal lesions with a punched-out smooth ulcer base with whitish fibrinoid base Most ulcers are at the junction of fundus and antrum 0.5-2.5cm Duodenal ulcers Well-demarcated break in the mucosa that may extend into the muscularis propria of the duodenum Found in the first part of duodenum <1cm	Other diagnostic tests Serum gastrin levels Secretin stimulation test Biopsy
Gastrinoma	Associated with MEN type 1	Abdominal pain	-	-	✔ (suspect gastric outlet obstruction)	✔	-	-	-	Black stools	Useful in collecting the tissue for biopsy	May present with symptoms of GERD or peptic ulcer disease Associated with MEN type 1 Diagnostic tests Serum gastrin levels Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy CT and MRI
Gastric Adenocarcinoma	H. pylori infection Smoked and salted food	Abdominal pain	-	-	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	Black stools, or blood in stools	Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Multiple biopsies are taken to establish the diagnosis	Other symptoms Dysphagia Early satiety Frequent burping
Primary gastric lymphoma	H. pylori infection	Abdominal pain Chest pain	-	-	-	-	-	✔	-	-	Useful in collecting the tissue for biopsy	Other symptoms Painless swollen lymph nodes in neck and armpit Night sweats Fatigue Fever Cough or trouble breathing

References

↑ Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Kuwano H, Ooiwa T (1984). "Acute gastritis clinically classified in accordance with data from both upper GI series and endoscopy". Scand J Gastroenterol. 19 (1): 31–7. PMID 6710074.
↑ Sipponen P, Maaroos HI (2015). "Chronic gastritis". Scand J Gastroenterol. 50 (6): 657–67. doi:10.3109/00365521.2015.1019918. PMC 4673514. PMID 25901896.
↑ Sartor RB (2006). "Mechanisms of disease: pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis". Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 3 (7): 390–407. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0528. PMID 16819502.
↑ Sipponen P (1989). "Atrophic gastritis as a premalignant condition". Ann Med. 21 (4): 287–90. PMID 2789799.
↑ Badillo R, Francis D (2014). "Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease". World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 5 (3): 105–12. doi:10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.105. PMC 4133436. PMID 25133039.
↑ Ramakrishnan K, Salinas RC (2007). "Peptic ulcer disease". Am Fam Physician. 76 (7): 1005–12. PMID 17956071.
↑ Banasch M, Schmitz F (2007). "Diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma in the era of proton pump inhibitors". Wien Klin Wochenschr. 119 (19–20): 573–8. doi:10.1007/s00508-007-0884-2. PMID 17985090.
↑ Dicken BJ, Bigam DL, Cass C, Mackey JR, Joy AA, Hamilton SM (2005). "Gastric adenocarcinoma: review and considerations for future directions". Ann Surg. 241 (1): 27–39. PMC 1356843. PMID 15621988.
↑ Ghimire P, Wu GY, Zhu L (2011). "Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma". World J Gastroenterol. 17 (6): 697–707. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.697. PMC 3042647. PMID 21390139.

[pmid6710074-1] Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Kuwano H, Ooiwa T (1984). "Acute gastritis clinically classified in accordance with data from both upper GI series and endoscopy". Scand J Gastroenterol. 19 (1): 31–7. PMID 6710074.

[pmid25901896-2] Sipponen P, Maaroos HI (2015). "Chronic gastritis". Scand J Gastroenterol. 50 (6): 657–67. doi:10.3109/00365521.2015.1019918. PMC 4673514. PMID 25901896.

[pmid16819502-3] Sartor RB (2006). "Mechanisms of disease: pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis". Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 3 (7): 390–407. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0528. PMID 16819502.

[pmid2789799-4] Sipponen P (1989). "Atrophic gastritis as a premalignant condition". Ann Med. 21 (4): 287–90. PMID 2789799.

[pmid25133039-5] Badillo R, Francis D (2014). "Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease". World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 5 (3): 105–12. doi:10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.105. PMC 4133436. PMID 25133039.

[pmid17956071-6] Ramakrishnan K, Salinas RC (2007). "Peptic ulcer disease". Am Fam Physician. 76 (7): 1005–12. PMID 17956071.

[pmid17985090-7] Banasch M, Schmitz F (2007). "Diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma in the era of proton pump inhibitors". Wien Klin Wochenschr. 119 (19–20): 573–8. doi:10.1007/s00508-007-0884-2. PMID 17985090.

[pmid15621988-8] Dicken BJ, Bigam DL, Cass C, Mackey JR, Joy AA, Hamilton SM (2005). "Gastric adenocarcinoma: review and considerations for future directions". Ann Surg. 241 (1): 27–39. PMC 1356843. PMID 15621988.

[pmid21390139-9] Ghimire P, Wu GY, Zhu L (2011). "Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma". World J Gastroenterol. 17 (6): 697–707. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.697. PMC 3042647. PMID 21390139.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
-Helicobacter pylori infection must be differentiated from other diseases that cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, epigastric pain and unexplained weight loss such as atrophic gastritis, GERD, gastrinoma, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, stress-induced gastritis and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
+''[[Helicobacter pylori]]'' infection must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal pain]], [[epigastric pain]] and unexplained weight loss such as [[atrophic gastritis]], [[GERD]], [[gastrinoma]], [[peptic ulcer disease]], [[gastric adenocarcinoma]], stress-induced gastritis and [[non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]].
 ==Differential Diagnosis==
-H.pylori infection must be differentiated from:<ref name="pmid6710074">{{cite journal| author=Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Kuwano H, Ooiwa T| title=Acute gastritis clinically classified in accordance with data from both upper GI series and endoscopy. | journal=Scand J Gastroenterol | year= 1984 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 31-7 | pmid=6710074 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6710074  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25901896">{{cite journal| author=Sipponen P, Maaroos HI| title=Chronic gastritis. | journal=Scand J Gastroenterol | year= 2015 | volume= 50 | issue= 6 | pages= 657-67 | pmid=25901896 | doi=10.3109/00365521.2015.1019918 | pmc=4673514 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25901896  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16819502">{{cite journal| author=Sartor RB| title=Mechanisms of disease: pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | journal=Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2006 | volume= 3 | issue= 7 | pages= 390-407 | pmid=16819502 | doi=10.1038/ncpgasthep0528 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16819502  }} </ref><ref name="pmid2789799">{{cite journal| author=Sipponen P| title=Atrophic gastritis as a premalignant condition. | journal=Ann Med | year= 1989 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= 287-90 | pmid=2789799 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2789799  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25133039">{{cite journal| author=Badillo R, Francis D| title=Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. | journal=World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther | year= 2014 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 105-12 | pmid=25133039 | doi=10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.105 | pmc=4133436 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25133039  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17956071">{{cite journal| author=Ramakrishnan K, Salinas RC| title=Peptic ulcer disease. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2007 | volume= 76 | issue= 7 | pages= 1005-12 | pmid=17956071 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17956071  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17985090">{{cite journal| author=Banasch M, Schmitz F| title=Diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma in the era of proton pump inhibitors. | journal=Wien Klin Wochenschr | year= 2007 | volume= 119 | issue= 19-20 | pages= 573-8 | pmid=17985090 | doi=10.1007/s00508-007-0884-2 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17985090  }} </ref><ref name="pmid15621988">{{cite journal| author=Dicken BJ, Bigam DL, Cass C, Mackey JR, Joy AA, Hamilton SM| title=Gastric adenocarcinoma: review and considerations for future directions. | journal=Ann Surg | year= 2005 | volume= 241 | issue= 1 | pages= 27-39 | pmid=15621988 | doi= | pmc=1356843 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15621988  }} </ref><ref name="pmid21390139">{{cite journal| author=Ghimire P, Wu GY, Zhu L| title=Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2011 | volume= 17 | issue= 6 | pages= 697-707 | pmid=21390139 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.697 | pmc=3042647 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21390139  }} </ref>
+''[[H. pylori]]'' infection must be differentiated from:<ref name="pmid6710074">{{cite journal| author=Sugimachi K, Inokuchi K, Kuwano H, Ooiwa T| title=Acute gastritis clinically classified in accordance with data from both upper GI series and endoscopy. | journal=Scand J Gastroenterol | year= 1984 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 31-7 | pmid=6710074 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6710074  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25901896">{{cite journal| author=Sipponen P, Maaroos HI| title=Chronic gastritis. | journal=Scand J Gastroenterol | year= 2015 | volume= 50 | issue= 6 | pages= 657-67 | pmid=25901896 | doi=10.3109/00365521.2015.1019918 | pmc=4673514 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25901896  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16819502">{{cite journal| author=Sartor RB| title=Mechanisms of disease: pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. | journal=Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol | year= 2006 | volume= 3 | issue= 7 | pages= 390-407 | pmid=16819502 | doi=10.1038/ncpgasthep0528 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16819502  }} </ref><ref name="pmid2789799">{{cite journal| author=Sipponen P| title=Atrophic gastritis as a premalignant condition. | journal=Ann Med | year= 1989 | volume= 21 | issue= 4 | pages= 287-90 | pmid=2789799 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2789799  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25133039">{{cite journal| author=Badillo R, Francis D| title=Diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. | journal=World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther | year= 2014 | volume= 5 | issue= 3 | pages= 105-12 | pmid=25133039 | doi=10.4292/wjgpt.v5.i3.105 | pmc=4133436 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25133039  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17956071">{{cite journal| author=Ramakrishnan K, Salinas RC| title=Peptic ulcer disease. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2007 | volume= 76 | issue= 7 | pages= 1005-12 | pmid=17956071 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17956071  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17985090">{{cite journal| author=Banasch M, Schmitz F| title=Diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma in the era of proton pump inhibitors. | journal=Wien Klin Wochenschr | year= 2007 | volume= 119 | issue= 19-20 | pages= 573-8 | pmid=17985090 | doi=10.1007/s00508-007-0884-2 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17985090  }} </ref><ref name="pmid15621988">{{cite journal| author=Dicken BJ, Bigam DL, Cass C, Mackey JR, Joy AA, Hamilton SM| title=Gastric adenocarcinoma: review and considerations for future directions. | journal=Ann Surg | year= 2005 | volume= 241 | issue= 1 | pages= 27-39 | pmid=15621988 | doi= | pmc=1356843 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15621988  }} </ref><ref name="pmid21390139">{{cite journal| author=Ghimire P, Wu GY, Zhu L| title=Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2011 | volume= 17 | issue= 6 | pages= 697-707 | pmid=21390139 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.697 | pmc=3042647 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21390139  }} </ref>
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! rowspan="3" |Disease
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 !Acute gastritis
 |
-* H.pylori
+* ''[[H. pylori]]''
-* NSAIDS
+* [[NSAIDS]]
-* Corticosteroids
+* [[Corticosteroids]]
-* Alcohol
+* [[Alcohol]]
 * Spicy food
 * Viral infections
-* Crohn's disease
+* [[Crohn's disease]]
-* Autoimmune diseases
+* [[Autoimmune diseases]]
 * Bile reflux
-* Cocaine use
+* [[Cocaine]] use
 * Breathing machine or ventilator
-* Ingestion of corrosives
+* Ingestion of [[corrosive|corrosives]]
 |
-* Epigastric pain
+* [[Epigastric pain]]
 |Food
-|Antacids
+|[[Antacids]]
 |✔
 |✔
@@ Line 56: / Line 56: @@
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |✔
-|Black stools
+|[[Black stools]]
 |
-* Pangastritis or antral gastritis
+* Pangastritis or antral [[gastritis]]
-* Erosive (Superficial, deep, hemorrhagic)
+* [[Gastric erosion|Erosive]] (Superficial, deep, hemorrhagic)
-* Nonerosive (H.pylori)
+* Nonerosive (''[[H. pylori]]'')
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |-
 !Chronic gastritis
 |
-* H.pylori
+* ''[[H. pylori]]''
-* Alcohol
+* [[Alcohol]]
 * Medications
-* Autoimmune diseases
+* [[Autoimmune diseases]]
 * Chronic stress
 |
-* Epigastric pain
+* [[Epigastric pain]]
 |Food
-|Antacids
+|[[Antacids]]
 |✔
 |✔
@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 |✔
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|H.pylori gastritis
+|''[[H. pylori]] [[gastritis]]
-* Atrophy
+* [[Atrophy]]
-* Intestinal metaplasia
+* Intestinal [[metaplasia]]
 Lymphocytic gastritis
 * Enlarged folds
@@ Line 90: / Line 90: @@
 !Atrophic gastritis
 |
-* H.pylori
+* ''[[H. pylori]]''
-* Autoimmune disease
+* [[Autoimmune disease]]
-|Epigastric pain
+|[[Epigastric pain]]
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
 |✔
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|H.pylori
+|''[[H. pylori]]''
-* Mucosal atrophy
+* Mucosal [[atrophy]]
-Autoimmune
+[[Autoimmune]]
-* Mucosal atrophy
+* Mucosal [[atrophy]]
 |
-* Iron deficiency anemia
+* [[Iron deficiency anemia]]
 Autoimmune gastritis diagnosis include:
 * Antiparietal and anti-IF antibodies
-* Achlorhydria and hypergastrinemia
+* [[Achlorhydria]] and hypergastrinemia
-* Low serum cobalamine
+* Low serum [[vitamin B12|cobalamine]]
 |-
 !Crohn's disease
 |
-* Autoimmune disease
+* [[Autoimmune disease]]
 |
-* Abdominal pain
+* [[Abdominal pain]]
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
@@ Line 125: / Line 125: @@
 |✔
 |
-* Chronic diarrhea often bloody with pus or mucus
+* Chronic [[diarrhea]] often bloody with [[pus]] or [[mucus]]
-* Rectal bleeding
+* [[Rectal bleeding]]
 |
 * Mucosal nodularity with cobblestoning
-* Multiple apthous ulcers
+* Multiple [[aphthous ulcers]]
 * Linier or serpiginous ulcerations
 * Thickened antral folds
@@ Line 136: / Line 136: @@
 * Duodenal strictures
 |
-* Fever
+* [[Fever]]
-* Fatigue
+* [[Fatigue]]
-* Anemia (pernicious anemia)
+* [[Anemia]] ([[pernicious anemia]])
 |-
-!GERD
+![[GERD]]
 |
 * Lower esophageal sphincter abnormalities
-* Hiatal hernia
+* [[Hiatal hernia]]
 * Abnormal esophageal contractions
-* Prolonged emptying of stomach
+* Prolonged emptying of [[stomach]]
-* Gastrinomas
+* [[Gastrinomas]]
 |
-* Epigastric pain
+* [[Epigastric pain]]
 |
 * Spicy food
 * Tight fitting clothing
 |
-* Antacids
+* [[Antacids]]
 * Head elevation during sleep
 |✔
@@ Line 165: / Line 165: @@
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |
-* Esophagitis
+* [[Esophagitis]]
-* Barrett esophagus
+* Barrette esophagus
-* Strictures
+* [[Strictures]]
 |Other symptoms:
-* Dysphagia
+* [[Dysphagia]]
-* Regurgitation
+* [[Regurgitation]]
-* Nocturnal cough
+* [[Cough|Nocturnal cough]]
-* Hoarseness
+* [[Hoarseness]]
 Complications
-* Esophagitis
+* [[Esophagitis]]
-* Strictures
+* [[Strictures]]
-* Barrett esophagus
+* Barrette esophagus
 |-
 !Peptic ulcer disease
 |
-* H.pylori
+* ''[[H. pylori]]''
-* Smoking
+* [[Smoking]]
-* Alcohol
+* [[Alcohol]]
-* Radiation therapy
+* [[Radiation therapy]]
 * Medications
 * Zollinger-ellison syndrome
 |
-* Epigastric pain sometimes extending to back
+* [[Epigastric pain]] sometimes extending to back
-* Right upper quadrant pain
+* [[Right upper quadrant pain]]
 |
-* '''Duodenal Ulcer'''
+ '''[[Duodenal ulcer]]'''
-Pain aggravates with empty stomach
+*Pain aggravates with empty stomach
-* '''Gastric ulcer'''
+'''[[Gastric ulcer]]'''
-Pain aggravates with food
+*Pain aggravates with food
 |
-* Antacids
+* [[Antacids]]
-* '''Duodenal Ulcer'''
+* [[Duodenal ulcer]]
-Pain alleviates with food
+:*Pain alleviates with food
 |✔
 |✔
@@ Line 205: / Line 205: @@
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |
-* Black stools
+* [[Black stools]]
 |'''Gastric ulcers'''
 * Discrete mucosal lesions with a punched-out smooth ulcer base with whitish fibrinoid base
-* Most ulcers are at the junction of fundus and antrum
+* Most [[ulcers]] are at the junction of [[fundus]] and antrum
 * 0.5-2.5cm
 '''Duodenal ulcers'''
-* Well-demarcated break in the mucosa that may extend into the muscularis propria of the duodenum
+* Well-demarcated break in the [[mucosa]] that may extend into the [[muscularis propria]] of the [[duodenum]]
-* Found in the first part of duodenum
+* Found in the first part of [[duodenum]]
 * <1cm
 |'''Other diagnostic tests'''
-* Serum gastrin levels
+* Serum [[gastrin]] levels
-* Secretin stimulation test
+* [[Secretin]] stimulation test
-* Biopsy
+* [[Biopsy]]
 |-
 !Gastrinoma
 |
-* Associated with  MEN type I
+* Associated with [[MEN type 1]]
 |
-* Abdominal pain
+* [[Abdominal pain]]
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |✔
-(suspect gastric outlet obstruction)
+(suspect [[gastric outlet obstruction]])
 |✔
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
@@ Line 234: / Line 234: @@
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |
-* Black stools
+* [[Black stools]]
-|Useful in collecting the tissue for biopsy
+|Useful in collecting the tissue for [[biopsy]]
 |
-* May present with symptoms of GERD or peptic ulcer disease
+* May present with symptoms of [[GERD]] or [[peptic ulcer disease]]
-* Associated with MEN type I
+* Associated with [[MEN type 1]]
 '''Diagnostic tests'''
-* Serum gastrin levels
+* Serum [[gastrin]] levels
-* Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy
+* [[Somatostatin]] receptor [[scintigraphy]]
-* CT and MRI
+* [[CT]] and [[MRI]]
 |-
 !Gastric Adenocarcinoma
 |
-* H.pylori infection
+* ''[[H. pylori]]'' infection
 * Smoked and salted food
 |
-* Abdominal pain
+* [[Abdominal pain]]
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
@@ Line 262: / Line 262: @@
 * Multiple biopsies are taken to establish the diagnosis
 |'''Other symptoms'''
-* Dysphagia
+* [[Dysphagia]]
-* Early satiety
+* Early [[satiety]]
-* Frequent burping
+* Frequent [[burping]]
 |-
-!Primary gastric  lymphoma
+!Primary gastric lymphoma
 |
-* H.pylori infection
+* ''[[H. pylori]]'' infection
 |
-* Abdominal pain
+* [[Abdominal pain]]
-* Chest pain
+* [[Chest pain]]
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
@@ Line 280: / Line 280: @@
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
-|Useful in collecting the tissue for biopsy
+|Useful in collecting the tissue for [[biopsy]]
 |'''Other symptoms'''
-* Painless swollen lymph nodes in neck and armpit
+* Painless swollen [[lymph nodes]] in neck and armpit
 * Night sweats
-* Fatigue
+* [[Fatigue]]
-* Fever
+* [[Fever]]
-* Coughing or trouble breathing
+* [[Cough]] or trouble breathing
 |}
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}

Helicobacter pylori infection differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 15:01, 23 January 2017

Overview

Differential Diagnosis

References

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