Encephalopathy

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Encephalopathy
Binswangers Subcortical Encephalopathy: Gross fixed tissue horizontal section cerebral hemispheres at level of genu internal capsule
Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology
MeSH D001927

Encephalopathy

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Patient Information

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Encephalopathy from other Diseases

Epidemiology & Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications & Prognosis

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

Electroencephalogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Encephalopathy

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Epidemiology & Demographics

Risk Factors

Differential Diagnosis

Natural History

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory tests | Electrocardiogram | Chest X Ray |CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound |Other imaging studies | Alternative diagnostics

Diagnosis

Blood tests, spinal fluid examination by lumbar puncture, imaging studies, electroencephalography.

Therapy

Treatment is symptomatic and varies, according to the type and severity of the encephalopathy. Anticonvulsants may be prescribed to reduce or halt any seizures. Changes to diet and nutritional supplements may help some patients. In severe cases, dialysis or organ replacement surgery may be needed.

Prognosis

Treating the underlying cause of the disorder may improve or reverse symptoms. However, in some cases, the encephalopathy may cause permanent structural changes and irreversible damage to the brain. Some encephalopathies can be fatal.

References

See also

Template:CNS diseases of the nervous system

de:Enzephalopathie id:Ensefalopati it:Encefalopatia nl:Encefalopathie


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