Ectopic pregnancy differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Ectopic pregnancy}}
{{Ectopic pregnancy}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{MehdiP}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{MehdiP}}, [[User:MoisesRomo|Moises Romo, M.D]]


== Differentiating an Ectopic Pregnancy from other Conditions==  
== Overview ==


* Threatened or incomplete [[abortion]]
==Differentiating an Ectopic Pregnancy from other Conditions==
* Adnexal torsion
* [[Appendicitis]]
* Ruptured [[corpus luteum]] cyst
* [[Pancreatitis]]
* [[Pelvic inflammatory disease]] ([[PID]])
* [[Pyelonephritis]]


*Ectopic pregnancy must be differentiated from other diseases that cause abdominal pain, pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding, and/ or ammenorrhea, such as:
*Threatened or incomplete [[abortion]]
*[[Adnexal torsion]]
*[[Appendicitis]]
*Ruptured [[corpus luteum]] cyst
*[[Pancreatitis]]
*[[Pelvic inflammatory disease]] ([[PID]])
*[[Pyelonephritis]]




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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Classification of acute abdomen based  
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Classification of acute abdomen based  
on etiology
on etiology
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Presentation
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Presentation
! colspan="8" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Clinical findings
! colspan="8" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Clinical findings
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Diagnosis
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Diagnosis
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Comments
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Comments
|-
|-
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Fever  
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Fever
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Rigors and Chills
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Rigors and Chills
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Abdominal Pain
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Abdominal Pain
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Jaundice  
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Jaundice
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Hypotension
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Hypotension
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Guarding
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Guarding
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Rebound Tenderness
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Rebound Tenderness
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Bowel sounds
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Bowel sounds
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" | Lab Findings
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Lab Findings
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Imaging
! align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Imaging
|-
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="8" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | Common causes of  
| colspan="2" rowspan="8" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Common causes of  
Peritonitis
Peritonitis
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]]  
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Hypoactive
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Hypoactive
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* Ascitic fluid [[PMN]]>250 cells/mm<small>³</small>
*Ascitic fluid [[PMN]]>250 cells/mm<small>³</small>


* Culture: Positive for single organism  
*Culture: Positive for single organism
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Ultrasound for evaluation of liver cirrhosis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Ultrasound for evaluation of liver cirrhosis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | Perforated [[Gastric ulcer|gastric]] and [[duodenal ulcer]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Perforated [[Gastric ulcer|gastric]] and [[duodenal ulcer]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | Diffuse
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Diffuse
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |N
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |N
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* Ascitic fluid
*Ascitic fluid
**[[LDH]] > serum [[LDH]]
**[[LDH]] > serum [[LDH]]
** Glucose < 50mg/dl
**Glucose < 50mg/dl
** Total protein > 1g/dl  
**Total protein > 1g/dl


| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Air under [[diaphragm]] in upright [[CXR]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Air under [[diaphragm]] in upright [[CXR]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Upper GI [[endoscopy]] for diagnosis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Upper GI [[endoscopy]] for diagnosis
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | Acute suppurative cholangitis
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Acute suppurative cholangitis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | Acute cholangitis  
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Acute cholangitis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
|−
|−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | [[RUQ]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[RUQ]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
|−
|−
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Biliary drainage ([[Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography|ERCP]]) + IV antibiotics
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Biliary drainage ([[Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography|ERCP]]) + IV antibiotics
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Acute Cholecystitis|Acute cholecystitis]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Acute Cholecystitis|Acute cholecystitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | [[RUQ]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[RUQ]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Hypoactive
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Hypoactive
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* [[Hyperbilirubinemia]]
*[[Hyperbilirubinemia]]
* [[Leukocytosis]]
*[[Leukocytosis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Ultrasound shows gallstone and evidence of inflammation
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Ultrasound shows gallstone and evidence of inflammation
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Murphy's sign|Murphy’s sign]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Murphy's sign|Murphy’s sign]]
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Acute pancreatitis]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Acute pancreatitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | [[Epigastric]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Epigastric]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |N
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |N
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Increased [[amylase]] / [[lipase]]  
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Increased [[amylase]] / [[lipase]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Ultrasound shows evidence of [[inflammation]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Ultrasound shows evidence of [[inflammation]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Pain radiation to back
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Pain radiation to back
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Acute appendicitis]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Acute appendicitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | RLQ
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |RLQ
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea & vomiting]], [[decreased appetite]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea & vomiting]], [[decreased appetite]]
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Diverticulitis|Acute diverticulitis]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Diverticulitis|Acute diverticulitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | LLQ
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |LLQ
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
|-
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | Hollow Viscous Obstruction  
| colspan="2" rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Hollow Viscous Obstruction
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Small intestine obstruction
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Small intestine obstruction
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea & vomiting]] associated with [[constipation]], [[Abdominal distension|abdominal distention]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |[[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea & vomiting]] associated with [[constipation]], [[Abdominal distension|abdominal distention]]
|-
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Gall stone disease|Gall stone '''disease''']]/'''Cholelithiasis'''  
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Gall stone disease|Gall stone '''disease''']]/'''Cholelithiasis'''
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
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|-
|-
| rowspan="4" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Vascular Disorders
| rowspan="4" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Vascular Disorders
| rowspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Ischemic causes  
| rowspan="2" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Ischemic causes
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Mesenteric ischemia]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |±
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |N
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |N
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Normal
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Normal
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |CT scan  
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |CT scan
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Unstable hemodynamics
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |Unstable hemodynamics
|-
|-
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| rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Gynaecological Causes
| rowspan="5" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Gynaecological Causes
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Fallopian tube
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |Fallopian tube
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" | [[Salpingitis|Acute salpingitis]]
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" align="center" |[[Salpingitis|Acute salpingitis]]
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | +
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | LLQ/ RLQ
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |LLQ/ RLQ
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |−
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
[[Diagnosis|Clinical diagnosis]]
[[Diagnosis|Clinical diagnosis]]
* ROME III/IV criteria
 
* [[Pharmacological|Pharmacologic]] studies based criteria
*ROME III/IV criteria
*[[Pharmacological|Pharmacologic]] studies based criteria
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" | -
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" align="left" |
* High [[dietary fiber]]
*High [[dietary fiber]]


* [[Osmotic]] [[laxatives]]
*[[Osmotic]] [[laxatives]]
* [[Antispasmodic]]<nowiki/>drugs
*[[Antispasmodic]]<nowiki/>drugs
|-
|-
|}
|}
Line 372: Line 375:
{{WH}}
{{WH}}
{{WS}}
{{WS}}
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Obstetrics]]
[[Category:Obstetrics]]
[[Category:primary care]]
|}

Latest revision as of 15:32, 18 February 2021

Ectopic pregnancy Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2], Moises Romo, M.D

Overview

Differentiating an Ectopic Pregnancy from other Conditions


Classification of acute abdomen based

on etiology

Presentation Clinical findings Diagnosis Comments
Fever Rigors and Chills Abdominal Pain Jaundice Hypotension Guarding Rebound Tenderness Bowel sounds Lab Findings Imaging
Common causes of

Peritonitis

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis + Diffuse Hypoactive
  • Ascitic fluid PMN>250 cells/mm³
  • Culture: Positive for single organism
Ultrasound for evaluation of liver cirrhosis -
Perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer + Diffuse + + + N
  • Ascitic fluid
    • LDH > serum LDH
    • Glucose < 50mg/dl
    • Total protein > 1g/dl
Air under diaphragm in upright CXR Upper GI endoscopy for diagnosis
Acute suppurative cholangitis + + RUQ + + + + ±
Acute cholangitis + RUQ + N Abnormal LFT Ultrasound shows biliary dilatation Biliary drainage (ERCP) + IV antibiotics
Acute cholecystitis + RUQ + Hypoactive Ultrasound shows gallstone and evidence of inflammation Murphy’s sign
Acute pancreatitis + Epigastric ± N Increased amylase / lipase Ultrasound shows evidence of inflammation Pain radiation to back
Acute appendicitis + RLQ + + Hypoactive Leukocytosis Ultrasound shows evidence of inflammation Nausea & vomiting, decreased appetite
Acute diverticulitis + LLQ ± + Hypoactive Leukocytosis CT scan and ultrasound shows evidence of inflammation
Hollow Viscous Obstruction Small intestine obstruction Diffuse + ± Hyperactive then absent Leukocytosis Abdominal X ray Nausea & vomiting associated with constipation, abdominal distention
Gall stone disease/Cholelithiasis ±
Volvulus - Diffuse - + - Hypoactive Leukocytosis CT scan and abdominal X ray Nausea & vomiting associated with constipation, abdominal distention
Biliary colic - RUQ + - - N Increased bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase Ultrasound Nausea & vomiting
Renal colic - Flank pain - - - N Hematuria CT scan and ultrasound Colicky abdominal pain associated with nausea & vomiting
Vascular Disorders Ischemic causes Mesenteric ischemia ± Periumbilical - - - Hyperactive Leukocytosis and lactic acidosis CT scan Nausea & vomiting, normal physical examination
Acute ischemic colitis ± Diffuse - + + Hyperactive then absent Leukocytosis CT scan Nausea & vomiting
Hemorrhagic causes Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm - Diffuse - - - N Normal CT scan Unstable hemodynamics
Intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage - Diffuse - - - N Anemia CT scan History of trauma
Gynaecological Causes Fallopian tube Acute salpingitis + LLQ/ RLQ ± ± N Leukocytosis Pelvic ultrasound Vaginal discharge
Ovarian cyst complications and endometrial disease Torsion of the cyst - RLQ / LLQ - ± ± N Increased ESR and CRP Ultrasound Sudden onset severe pain with nausea and vomiting
Endometriosis - RLQ/LLQ - +/- +/- N Normal Laproscopy Menstrual-associated symptoms, pelvic

symptoms

Cyst rupture - RLQ / LLQ - +/- +/- N Increased ESR and CRP Ultrasound Sudden onset severe pain with nausea and vomiting
Pregnancy Ruptured ectopic pregnancy - RLQ / LLQ - - - N Positive pregnancy test Ultrasound History of missed period and vaginal bleeding
Functional Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Diffuse - - - - N

Clinical diagnosis

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References

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