Diabetic ketoacidosis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

If left untreated, patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may progress to develop multi-organ failure and death. Common complications of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) include hypokalemia, cerebral edema, hyperglycemia, ketoacidemia, renal tubular necrosis and pulmonary edema.

Natural History

Complications

People with diabetic ketoacidosis need close and frequent monitoring for complications. Surprisingly, the most common complications of DKA are related to the treatment:[1][2][3][4]

Prognosis

Signs of poor prognosis

References

  1. Muir AB, Quisling RG, Yang MC, Rosenbloom AL (2004). "Cerebral edema in childhood diabetic ketoacidosis: natural history, radiographic findings, and early identification". Diabetes Care. 27 (7): 1541–6. PMID 15220225.
  2. "Diabetic ketoacidosis". Diabetic ketoacidosis. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. 2006. Retrieved 2007-06-15. Text " By Mayo Clinic Staff " ignored (help)
  3. "Diabetic Coma > Diabetic ketoacidosis". Diabetic ketoacidosis. Armenian Medical Network. 2006. Retrieved 2007-06-15. Text " Umesh Masharani, MB, BS, MRCP " ignored (help)
  4. "Diabetic ketoacidosis complications". Diabetic ketoacidosis. The Diabetes Monitor. 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-15.
  5. Liu WY, Lin SG, Wang LR, Fang CC, Lin YQ, Braddock M, Zhu GQ, Zhang Z, Zheng MH, Shen FX (2016). "Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio: A Novel Prognostic Factor for Prediction of 90-day Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Diabetic Ketoacidosis". Medicine (Baltimore). 95 (4): e2596. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000002596. PMC 5291578. PMID 26825908.
  6. Gale EA, Tattersall RB (1978). "Hypothermia: a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis". Br Med J. 2 (6149): 1387–9. PMC 1608617. PMID 102402.
  7. Al-Matrafi J, Vethamuthu J, Feber J (2009). "Severe acute renal failure in a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis". Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 20 (5): 831–4. PMID 19736483.

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