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==Overview==
Common [[risk factors]] in the development of [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome]] include [[age]] (50 years or older), [[female]] gender, [[Family history (medicine)|family history]] of [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]] and [[neurofibromatosis type 1]], [[atrophic gastritis]], [[pernicious anemia]], and [[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome]].


==Overview==
==Risk Factors==
Common [[risk factors]] in the development of [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome]] include:<ref name="risk">Health history can affect the risk of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq</ref>
*Age (50 years or older)
*Gender: [[Female|female]]
*Race:[[African Americans]]
*Family history of [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]]
*Family history of [[neurofibromatosis type 1]]
*[[Genetic Diseases, Inborn|Genetic syndromes]] such as
#[[Tuberous sclerosis complex]]
#[[Von Hippel Lindau syndrome|Von Hippel Lindau disease]]
#[[Familial|Familial small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor]]<ref name="pmid25865046">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sei Y, Zhao X, Forbes J, Szymczak S, Li Q, Trivedi A, Voellinger M, Joy G, Feng J, Whatley M, Jones MS, Harper UL, Marx SJ, Venkatesan AM, Chandrasekharappa SC, Raffeld M, Quezado MM, Louie A, Chen CC, Lim RM, Agarwala R, Schäffer AA, Hughes MS, Bailey-Wilson JE, Wank SA |title=A Hereditary Form of Small Intestinal Carcinoid Associated With a Germline Mutation in Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=149 |issue=1 |pages=67–78 |date=July 2015 |pmid=25865046 |pmc=4858647 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2015.04.008 |url=}}</ref>
*[[Risk factors]] for [[Carcinoid tumors|carcinoid tumours]] of [[stomach]]
#[[Atrophic gastritis]]
#[[Pernicious anemia]]
#[[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
 
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Latest revision as of 14:00, 2 April 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of carcinoid syndrome include age (50 years or older), female gender, family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and neurofibromatosis type 1, atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of carcinoid syndrome include:[1]

  1. Tuberous sclerosis complex
  2. Von Hippel Lindau disease
  3. Familial small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor[2]
  1. Atrophic gastritis
  2. Pernicious anemia
  3. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

References

  1. Health history can affect the risk of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/types/gi-carcinoid-tumors/patient/gi-carcinoid-treatment-pdq
  2. Sei Y, Zhao X, Forbes J, Szymczak S, Li Q, Trivedi A, Voellinger M, Joy G, Feng J, Whatley M, Jones MS, Harper UL, Marx SJ, Venkatesan AM, Chandrasekharappa SC, Raffeld M, Quezado MM, Louie A, Chen CC, Lim RM, Agarwala R, Schäffer AA, Hughes MS, Bailey-Wilson JE, Wank SA (July 2015). "A Hereditary Form of Small Intestinal Carcinoid Associated With a Germline Mutation in Inositol Polyphosphate Multikinase". Gastroenterology. 149 (1): 67–78. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.04.008. PMC 4858647. PMID 25865046.

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