Bacterial pneumonia physical examination: Difference between revisions

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==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==


'''General Appearance'''
===General Appearance===
 
Patients may appear normal or in distress. Varying degrees of cyanosis may be present.  
Patients may appear normal or in distress. Varying degrees of cyanosis may be present.  


'''Vital Signs'''
===Vital Signs===


*Pulse: > 100/minute
*Pulse: > 100/minute

Revision as of 10:06, 8 January 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz

Overview

Although physical examination may differ amongst patients, many presents with similar findings. Variations may be due to the severity and extent of disease, the causative bacteria, as well as the presence or absence of any complications.[1] Much of the systemic examination may appearently be normal with the exception of some in cases of specific infections. All patients present with significant pulmonary findings.

Physical Examination

General Appearance

Patients may appear normal or in distress. Varying degrees of cyanosis may be present.

Vital Signs

  • Pulse: > 100/minute
  • Temperature: > 38 C/100.4 F or <35 C/95 F
  • Respiratory Rate: 18 breaths/minute

Examination According to Systems

ENT

  • Dental illnesses may predispose to an Anaerobic infection

Skin

  • Cyanosis may be present

Cardiovascular

  • Tachycardia
  • Bradycardia may be found in cases of Legionella

Pulmonary

  • Breath sounds: bronchial breath sounds as well as crackles and rales
  • Percussion: dull
  • Egophony: increased
  • Fremitus: tactile/ increased
  • Tracheal Deviation: often absent
  • Other findings: lymphadenopathy

Neurological/ Psychological

  • Patients may present with confusion, especially the elderly or patients that develop sepsis

Renal

  • No significant findings

GIT

Muscular

  • No significant findings; patients often complain of myopathy

Genitourinary

  • No significant findings

Hematological

References

  1. "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30020693.
  2. Dalal N, Athwal PSS, Tharu B, Shah P, Shah L (2020). "Legionnaires Disease Presenting as Diarrhea: A Case Report". Cureus. 12 (9): e10593. doi:10.7759/cureus.10593. PMC 7581213 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33110729 Check |pmid= value (help).
  3. Han X, He B, Wang F (2011). "[Mycoplasma pneumonia associated with hemolytic anemia: case report and literature review]". Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 34 (11): 832–6. PMID 22333470.

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