Bacterial pneumonia physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz, M.B.B.S

Overview

Although physical examination may differ amongst patients, many present with similar findings. Variations may be due to the severity and extent of disease, the causative bacteria, as well as the presence or absence of any complications.[1] Much of the systemic examination may appear to be normal, with the exception of some, in cases of specific infections. All patients present with significant pulmonary findings and changes in vital signs. With the development of complications such as sepsis, neurological findings such as confusion can also develop.

Physical Examination

General Appearance

Patients may appear normal or in distress. Varying degrees of cyanosis may be present.

Vital Signs

Examination According to Systems

ENT

  • Dental illnesses may predispose to an Anaerobic infection

Skin

Cardiovascular

Pulmonary

Neurological/ Psychological

  • Patients may present with confusion, especially the elderly or patients that develop sepsis

Renal

  • No significant findings

GIT

Muscular

  • No significant findings; patients often complain of myopathy

Genitourinary

  • No significant findings

Hematological

References

  1. "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30020693.
  2. Dalal N, Athwal PSS, Tharu B, Shah P, Shah L (2020). "Legionnaires Disease Presenting as Diarrhea: A Case Report". Cureus. 12 (9): e10593. doi:10.7759/cureus.10593. PMC 7581213 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 33110729 Check |pmid= value (help).
  3. Han X, He B, Wang F (2011). "[Mycoplasma pneumonia associated with hemolytic anemia: case report and literature review]". Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 34 (11): 832–6. PMID 22333470.

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