Arthralgia: Difference between revisions

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Treatment depends on specific underlying cause. The underlying cause will be treated first and foremost. The treatments may include joint replacement surgery, for severely damaged joints, immunosuppressants for immune system dysfunction, antibiotics when an infection is the cause, and discontinuing medication when an allergic reaction is the cause. When treating the primary cause, pain management may still play a role in treatment. The extent of its role varies depending on the specific cause of the ''arthralgia''. Pain management may include stretching exercises, over the counter pain medications, prescription pain medication, or other treatments deemed appropriate for the symptoms.
Treatment depends on specific underlying cause. The underlying cause will be treated first and foremost. The treatments may include joint replacement surgery, for severely damaged joints, immunosuppressants for immune system dysfunction, antibiotics when an infection is the cause, and discontinuing medication when an allergic reaction is the cause. When treating the primary cause, pain management may still play a role in treatment. The extent of its role varies depending on the specific cause of the ''arthralgia''. Pain management may include stretching exercises, over the counter pain medications, prescription pain medication, or other treatments deemed appropriate for the symptoms.


===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Arthalgia===
===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Arthralgia===
(In alphabetical order)
(In alphabetical order)
*[[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
*[[Acromegaly]]
*[[Atypical pneumonia]]
*[[Behcet's disease]]
*[[Bismuth]]
*[[Blau syndrome]] ( granulomatous arthritis, iritis, and skin rash)
*[[Borrelia burgdorferi]] (Lyme Disease)
*[[Bruton's agammaglobulinemia]]
*[[Caplan's disease]] (rheumatoid arthritis and pneumoconiosis)
*[[Carbimazole]]
*[[Chikungunya virus]]
*[[Chikungunya]]
*[[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
*[[Ciprofloxacin]] ( Quinolone-induced cartilage toxicity in children)
*[[Coccidioidomycosis]] lung infection
*[[Coeliac disease]]
*[[Community-acquired pneumonia]]
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*[[Cryoglobulinaemia]]
*Decompression sickness
*[[Deferiprone]]
*[[Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis]]
*[[Dressler's syndrome]]
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
*[[Erythema elevatum diutinum]] ( is a rare type of leukocytoclastic vasculitis characterized by red, purple, brown, or yellow papules, plaques, or nodules)
*[[Farber's disease]]
*[[Fibromyalgia]]
*[[Fluorosis]]
*[[Fracture]] of bone
*[[Gout]]
*[[Graft versus host disease]]
*[[Haemochromatosis]]
*[[Haemophilia type A]]
*[[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]]
*[[Hepatitis]] A, B, C
*[[Hip dysplasia]], congenital
*[[Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome]] ( attacks of fever, arthralgia, skin lesions, and diarrhea)
*Hypertrophic pulmonary osteo-arthropathy
*[[Hypothyroidism]]
*[[Interstitial nephritis]]
*[[Isotretinoin]]
*Jacobs arthropathy-camptodactyly syndrome
*Juvenile chronic arthritis
*[[Kawasaki disease]]
*[[Lepromatous leprosy]]
*[[Lipoid dermatoarthritis]]
*[[Lupus erythematosus]]
*[[Lyme disease]]
*[[Malaria]]
*[[Mayaro virus fever]]
*[[Methimazole]]
*[[Mianserin]] (antidepressent, also mirtazapine and nefazodone are associated with arthralgia)
*[[Mixed connective tissue disease]]
*[[Morphoea]]/[[sceleroderma]]
*Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
*[[Multiple myeloma]]
*[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]
*[[Nalidixic acid]]
*[[Nateglinide]]
*[[Norfloxacin]]
*[[Obesity]]
*O'nyong-nyong fever
*[[Osteoarthritis]]
*[[Osteochondritis]] dissecans
*[[Paget's]] disease of bone
*[[Palindromic rheumatism]] (idiopathic, periodic arthritis marked by multiple and recurrent attacks affecting one to a few joints, with tissue inflammation around or adjacent to them)
*PAPA syndrome ( Pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA) syndrome)
*[[Parvovirus B19]] infection
*[[Pharyngitis]]
*[[Pigmented villonodular synovitis]]
*[[Pituitary tumour]] (*[[Acromegaly]], growth hormone secreting tumor)
*[[Polyarteritis nodosa]]
*[[Polychondritis]], Relapsing
*Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia
*[[Propylthiouracil]]
*[[Pyoderma gangrenosum]]
*[[Pyrazinamide]]
*[[Pyrophosphate arthropathy]] ([[Pseudogout]])
*[[Rat bite fever]] (Streptobacillus moniliformis or Spirillum minus)
*Recurrent hereditary polyserositis
*[[Rheumatic Fever]]
*[[Rheumatoid disease]]
*[[Ross River virus]]
*[[Rubella]]
*[[Sarcoidosis]]
*[[Scleroderma]]
*Sclerosing osteomyelitis of Garre
*Secondary [[syphilis]]
*Semliki forest fever
*[[Serum sickness]]
*[[Sickle]] cell disease
*[[Sjögren's syndrome]]
*[[Stickler]] syndrome
*[[Still's Disease]], Juvenile-Onset
*[[Sweet's disease]]
*Synovial chondromatosis
*[[Systemic sclerosis]]
*[[Takayasu's arteritis]]
*[[Takayasu's arteritis]] 
*[[Toxic shock syndrome]]
*[[Trastuzumab]]
*[[Trichinosis]]
*[[Ulcerative Colitis]]
Urate crystal arthropathy ([[gout]])
*[[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis]]
*[[West Nile fever]]
*[[Whipple disease]] 
*[[Wilson's disease]]
Wissler-Fanconi syndrome
Zotepine


* [[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia]]
* [[Atypical pneumonia]]
* [[Behçet's disease]]
* [[Celiac disease]] or [[Coeliac disease]]
* [[Chikungunya]]
* [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]]
* [[Community-acquired pneumonia]]
* [[Crohn's disease]]
* [[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
* [[Fibromyalgia]]
* [[Hemochromatosis]]
* [[Hyperimmunoglobinemia D with recurrent fever]]
* [[Hypothyroidism]]
* [[Kawasaki disease]]
* [[Lupus erythematosus]]
* [[Lyme disease]]
* [[Malaria]]
* [[Neutrophil granulocyte]]
* [[Pharyngitis]]
* [[Pneumonia]]
* [[Sarcoidosis]]
* [[Sjögren's syndrome]]
* [[Takayasu's arteritis]] 
* [[Toxic shock syndrome]]
* [[Trichinosis]]
* [[Scleroderma]]
* [[ADHD]]
* [[Hepatitis]]
* [[Whipple disease]] 
* [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]]
* [[Multiple myeloma]]
* [[Rheumatic Fever]]
* [[Coccidioidomycosis]]
* [[Ulcerative Colitis]]


===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of ...===
===Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Arthralgia===
(By organ system)
(By organ system)
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Revision as of 23:36, 6 April 2009

Arthralgia
ICD-10 M25.5
ICD-9 719.4
DiseasesDB 15237
MeSH D018771

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: John Fani Srour, M.D. Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

Arthralgia (from Greek arthro-, joint + -algos, pain) literally means joint pain; [1][2] it is a symptom of injury, infection, illnesses -- in particular arthritis-- or an allergic reaction to medication.[3]

According to MeSH, the term "arthralgia" should only be used when the condition is non-inflammatory, and the term "arthritis" should be used when the condition is inflammatory.[4]

Diagnosis and Causes

Diagnosis involves interviewing the patient and performing physical exams. When attempting to establish the cause of the arthralgia, the emphasis is on the interview [2]. The patient is asked questions intended to narrow the number of potential causes. Given the varied nature of these possible causes, the questions may strike the uninitiated as irrelevant. For example the patient may be asked about dry mouth, light sensitivity, rashes or a history of seizures.[2] [5] Answering yes or no to any of these questions limits the number of possible causes and guides the doctor toward the appropriate exams and lab tests.

The causes of arthralgia are varied and range from, a joints perspective, degenerative and destructive processes such as osteoarthritis and sports injuries to inflammation of tissues surrounding the joints (e.g. bursitis, a painful inflammation of bursa, fluid filled sacks around the joints). [6]

Treatment

Treatment depends on specific underlying cause. The underlying cause will be treated first and foremost. The treatments may include joint replacement surgery, for severely damaged joints, immunosuppressants for immune system dysfunction, antibiotics when an infection is the cause, and discontinuing medication when an allergic reaction is the cause. When treating the primary cause, pain management may still play a role in treatment. The extent of its role varies depending on the specific cause of the arthralgia. Pain management may include stretching exercises, over the counter pain medications, prescription pain medication, or other treatments deemed appropriate for the symptoms.

Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Arthralgia

(In alphabetical order)

Urate crystal arthropathy (gout)

Wissler-Fanconi syndrome Zotepine



Complete Differential Diagnosis of the Causes of Arthralgia

(By organ system)

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes


[7] [8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Arthralgia Definition" (HTML). MedicineNet.com. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Joe G. Hardin. "Arthralgia" (HTML). Clinical Methods - The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  3. ↑ James R Philp. "Allergic Drug Reactions - Systemic Allergic Drug Reactions" (HTML). Clinical Methods - The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  4. ↑ "MeSH". Retrieved 2007-12-23.
  5. ↑ "Table 159.3. Selected Symptomatic Extraarticular Features of the Connective Tissue Diseases and the Spondyloarthropathies" (HTML). Clinical Methods - The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  6. ↑ Joe G. Hardin. "Table 161.1. Some Common Regional Rheumatic Syndromes" (HTML). Clinical Methods - The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  7. ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  8. ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

External links

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