Sandbox: wdx causes

Intestinal adaptation
Phase	Duration	Main feature	Management
Acute phase	1 to 3 months	Fluid loss Poor absorption of all nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fat, electrolytes, minerals and trace elements Dysmotility Hypergastrinemia	Administration percutaneous central venous catheter Aggressive fluid and electrolyte replacement  Cyclical parenteral nutrition (overnight feeding) Intravenous administration of proton pump inhibitors or H2 receptor blockers Prophylactic oral antibiotics such as neomycin and metronidazole Prophylaxis with cholecystokinin Frequent measurements of vital signs, intake and output, and central venous pressure
Adaptive phase	1 to 2 years	Reaching 90% to 95% of the bowel adaptation potential Enterocyte and villous hyperplasia Increased mucosal surface area Converting unabsorbed carbohydrates into absorbable short-chain fatty acids Gaining weight Stabilization of fluid and electrolyte levels	Total parenteral nutrition Initiating enteral feeding  Adding trophic factors
Maintenance phase	Following adaptive phase	Reaching the maximum bowel adaptation potential	Individualized permanent nutrition treatment Oral nutrition