Pancytopenia: Difference between revisions

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| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Vitamin C deficiency]] , [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]] , [[Marasmus]] , [[Malabsorption syndrome]] , [[Kwashiorkor]] , [[Iron deficiency]] ,
[[Intrinsic factor]] deficiency , [[Folate deficiency]] , [[Copper deficiency]]
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Revision as of 23:22, 10 July 2013

Template:Pancytopenia Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Pancytopenia is the pronounced reduction in the number of erythrocytes, all types of white blood cells and blood platelets that are circulating in the blood.

Pancytopenia is generally due to diseases affecting the bone marrow, although peripheral destruction of all lines of blood cells in hypersplenism (overactive spleen) is a recognized cause. Bone marrow problems causing pancytopenia include myelofibrosis, leukemia, aplastic anemia, and the malignant form of osteoporosis.

Chemotherapy for malignancies may also cause pancytopenia, if the drug or drugs used cause bone marrow suppression.

Increasingly, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is itself a cause for pancytopenia. Rarely, drugs (antibiotics, anti hypertensive medication, heart medication) can cause pancytopenia.

Pancytopenia usually requires a bone marrow biopsy in order to distinguish among different causes.

Common Causes of Pancytopenia

  1. Aplastic anemia
  2. Myelodysplastic syndrome
  3. Leukemia
  4. Leishmaniasis
  5. Severe Folate or Vitamin B12 deficiency
  6. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (Urine test)
  7. Finally overwhelming viral infections (HIV most common).


Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Vitamin C deficiency , Vitamin B12 deficiency , Marasmus , Malabsorption syndrome , Kwashiorkor , Iron deficiency ,

Intrinsic factor deficiency , Folate deficiency , Copper deficiency

Obstetric/Gynecologic Pregnancy
Oncologic Thymoma , Prostate cancer , Metastatic neoplasm , Melanoma , Germ cell tumors (embryonal dysgenesis) , Ewing sarcoma , Chondrosarcoma , Cancer treatment
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Renal failure, chronic
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Systemic lupus erythematosus , Rheumatoid disease , Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 2 , Osteopetrosis lethal

Osteoclastoma , Ankylosing spondylitis

Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical 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