Gangrene pathophysiology: Difference between revisions

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===Dry Gangrene===
===Dry Gangrene===
*[[Dry gangrene]] involves a reduction in the [[perfusion]] of the [[arteries]] results in the compensatory dilation of the [[arterioles]], which eventually results in [[distal]] [[edema]], and damage of the [[endothelial tissue]].<ref name="pmid32809387">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=32809387 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>  
*A reduced [[arterial]] [[perfusion]] is observed in [[dry gangrene]] which results in the compensatory [[arteriolar dilation]] , which eventually results in [[distal]] [[edema]], and damage of the [[endothelial tissue]]. <ref name="pmid32809387">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2022 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=32809387 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>  
*It is an example of [[coagulative necrosis]] occurring in an [[ischemic tissue]]. <ref> {{cite book | last = Cross | first = Simon | title = Underwood's pathology : a clinical approach | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Edinburgh | year = 2019 | isbn = 9780702072109 }}
*It is an example of [[coagulative necrosis]] occurring in an [[ischemic tissue]]. <ref> {{cite book | last = Cross | first = Simon | title = Underwood's pathology : a clinical approach | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Edinburgh | year = 2019 | isbn = 9780702072109 }}
*Because there is a decreased supply of [[oxygen]] in the affected [[limb]], [[bacteria]] can not thrive and [[putrefaction]] is limited.  
*Because there is a decreased supply of [[oxygen]] in the affected [[limb]], [[bacteria]] can not thrive and [[putrefaction]] is limited.  

Revision as of 23:04, 10 April 2022

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Edzel Lorraine Co, D.M.D., M.D.

Overview

There are three types of gangrene and they have different pathophysiology. A reduced arterial perfusion is observed in dry gangrene which results in the compensatory arteriolar dilation , which eventually results in distal edema, and damage of the endothelial tissue. [1] Saprogenic microorganisms such as Clostridium perfringens and Bacillus fusiformis are the most common organisms observed in wet gangrene which are responsible for infecting the tissues, thereby producing a putrid smell and edema. [2] Group A Steptococcus and exotoxins from Clostridium perfringens are responsible for the local and systemic infection found in gas gangrene.[3]

Pathophysiology

There are three types of gangrene and they have different pathophysiology.

Dry Gangrene

Wet Gangrene

Gas Gangrene

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "StatPearls". 2022. PMID 32809387 Check |pmid= value (help).
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Al Wahbi A (2018). "Autoamputation of diabetic toe with dry gangrene: a myth or a fact?". Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 11: 255–264. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S164199. PMC 5987754. PMID 29910628.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Lehner PJ, Powell H (1991). "Gas gangrene". BMJ. 303 (6796): 240–2. doi:10.1136/bmj.303.6796.240. PMC 1670510. PMID 1884064.
  4. Yang Z, Hu J, Qu Y, Sun F, Leng X, Li H; et al. (2015). "Interventions for treating gas gangrene". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (12): CD010577. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010577.pub2. PMC 8652263 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 26631369.
  5. Sakurai J, Nagahama M, Oda M (2004). "Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin: characterization and mode of action". J Biochem. 136 (5): 569–74. doi:10.1093/jb/mvh161. PMID 15632295.

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