Gourmand Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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**Severe left sensory-motor hemisyndrome | **Severe left sensory-motor hemisyndrome | ||
**Left [[hemispatial neglect]] | **Left [[hemispatial neglect]] | ||
**Impaired [[Amnesia pathophysiology|figural memory]] and figural [[fluency]] | **Impaired [[Amnesia pathophysiology|figural memory]] and figural [[fluency]] | ||
**Mild extinction of left [[Visual cortex|visual]] and [[Tactition|tactile]] stimuli | **Mild extinction of left [[Visual cortex|visual]] and [[Tactition|tactile]] stimuli | ||
**Left-sided [[astereognosis]] | **Left-sided [[astereognosis]] | ||
**Behavioral changes | |||
***Hyperverbality | |||
***[[disinhibition]] | |||
***Heightened aggression and drive | |||
***Affective Lability | |||
***Indifference. | |||
'''Laboratory Findings''' | '''Laboratory Findings''' | ||
Revision as of 00:21, 20 July 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Joanna Ekabua, M.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords:: Gourmand Syndrome
Overview
Gourmand syndrome is a benign eating disorder that arises as a result of a lesion to the right anterior cerebral hemisphere. It involves the cortical areas, basal ganglia, or limbic structures. Patients with gourmand syndrome are preoccupied with fine food.
Historical Perspective
- There is limited information about the historical perspective of Gourmand syndrome.
- Gourmand syndrome is derived from the French word gourmand which means someone who heartily enjoys eating fine food and drink, or simply a food lover; the term “gourmet” is reserved for a food connoisseur. Although commonly not considered a pathology, gourmand eating may sometimes indicate focal brain damage.[1]
Classification
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of Gourmand syndrome is characterized by a lesion to the right cerebral hemisphere with the involvement of the cortical areas, basal ganglia, or limbic structures.[1]
- Right middle cerebral artery hemorrhagic infarction, including lesion to the right internal capsule and basal ganglia
- Prominent neurologic findings indicate focal right-sided damage. Left-sided hemisyndromes; most frequent were 9 sensory-motor and 6 motor. Left-sided visual field defects (5 hemianopsia, 4 quadrantanopias). Epileptic seizures were recorded in 10 patients (7 complex partial seizure of focal right temporal origin). Neurological status was normal in 12 patients with abnormal mental status.
Clinical Features
- Clinical features of Gourmand syndrome ranges from[1]
Differentiating Gourmand Syndrome From Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
Gender
Race
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of Gourmand syndrome are
- Hypertension
- Diabetes mellitus
- Right middle cerebral artery infarction
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Symptoms
Symptoms of Gourmand syndrome may include the following:[1]
- Outgoing and eating-oriented behavior
- Aroused only by conversations about food
- Desires for homemade meals become more precise and exotic
- More concerned by quality rather than quantity of food
- Weight gain
Physical Examination
- Patients with Gourmand syndrome usually appear normal.[1]
- Physical examination may be remarkable for:
- Severe left sensory-motor hemisyndrome
- Left hemispatial neglect
- Impaired figural memory and figural fluency
- Mild extinction of left visual and tactile stimuli
- Left-sided astereognosis
- Behavioral changes
- Hyperverbality
- disinhibition
- Heightened aggression and drive
- Affective Lability
- Indifference.
Laboratory Findings
Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Prevention
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Regard M, Landis T (1997). ""Gourmand syndrome": eating passion associated with right anterior lesions". Neurology. 48 (5): 1185–90. doi:10.1212/wnl.48.5.1185. PMID 9153440.
Template:WH Template:WS [Category:Neurotrauma]]