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* Ingestion of [[corrosive|corrosives]]
* Ingestion of [[corrosive|corrosives]]
|
|
*Early stages:<ref name="pmid7129059">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miner PB, Harri JE, McPhee MS |title=Intermittent gastric outlet obstruction from a pedunculated gastric polyp |journal=Gastrointest. Endosc. |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=219–20 |year=1982 |pmid=7129059 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7771437">{{cite journal |vauthors=Urayama S, Kozarek R, Ball T, Brandabur J, Traverso L, Ryan J, Wechter D |title=Presentation and treatment of annular pancreas in an adult population |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=90 |issue=6 |pages=995–9 |year=1995 |pmid=7771437 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Epigastric pain]]
* [[Nausea and vomiting|Nausea]]
* [[Nausea and vomiting|Vomiting]]: characteristic feature
** Intermittent
** Occurs one hour after [[ingestion]]
** Non [[Bile|bilious]]
** Contains undigested particles of food
** Patient has intolerance to solids, followed by liquids
** [[Dehydration]]
** [[Electrolyte disturbance|Electrolyte abnormalities]]
Late stages:<ref name="pmid2207566">{{cite journal |vauthors=Johnson CD, Ellis H |title=Gastric outlet obstruction now predicts malignancy |journal=Br J Surg |volume=77 |issue=9 |pages=1023–4 |year=1990 |pmid=2207566 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7572891">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shone DN, Nikoomanesh P, Smith-Meek MM, Bender JS |title=Malignancy is the most common cause of gastric outlet obstruction in the era of H2 blockers |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=90 |issue=10 |pages=1769–70 |year=1995 |pmid=7572891 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16817848">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cappell MS, Davis M |title=Characterization of Bouveret's syndrome: a comprehensive review of 128 cases |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=101 |issue=9 |pages=2139–46 |year=2006 |pmid=16817848 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00645.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid717362">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dubois A, Price SF, Castell DO |title=Gastric retention in peptic ulcer disease. A reappraisal |journal=Am J Dig Dis |volume=23 |issue=11 |pages=993–7 |year=1978 |pmid=717362 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* [[Weight loss]]
* [[Malnutrition]]: more pronounced in patients with [[Cancer|malignancy]]
* [[Abdominal distension]]
* Features of incomplete [[obstruction]]
* [[Stomach|Gastric]] retention: presenting as early [[satiety]]
* [[Bloating]]
* Fullness of [[epigastrium]]
* [[Aspiration pneumonia]]: due to [[Dilation|dilatation]] of [[stomach]], loss of [[contractility]] and accumulation of undigested food contents
|Food
|Food
|-
|-
Line 78: Line 60:
|✔
|✔
|✔
|✔
|may be present in case of GOO due to malignancy
|<nowiki>✔</nowiki>
|✔
|✔
|[[Melena|Black stools]] in case of GOO due to PUD
|[[Melena|Black stools]] in case of Peptic Ulcer Disease
|
|
*Helps in the determination of site of [[obstruction]]  
*Helps in the determination of site of [[obstruction]]  

Revision as of 17:28, 25 January 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Table

Disease Cause Symptoms Diagnosis Other findings
Pain Nausea

&

Vomiting

Heartburn Belching or

Bloating

Weight loss Loss of

Appetite

Stools Endoscopy findings
Location Aggravating Factors Alleviating Factors
Gastric outlet obstruction Food
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Black stools in case of Peptic Ulcer Disease -
Acute gastritis Food Antacids ✔ ✔ ✔ - ✔ Black stools -
Chronic gastritis Food Antacids ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ - H. pylori gastritis

Lymphocytic gastritis

  • Enlarged folds
  • Aphthoid erosions
 -
Atrophic gastritis Epigastric pain - - ✔ - ✔ ✔ - H. pylori

Autoimmune

Autoimmune gastritis diagnosis include:

Crohn's disease - - - - - ✔ ✔
  • Mucosal nodularity with cobblestoning
  • Multiple aphthous ulcers
  • Linier or serpiginous ulcerations
  • Thickened antral folds
  • Antral narrowing
  • Hypoperistalsis
  • Duodenal strictures
GERD
  • Lower esophageal sphincter abnormalities
  • Spicy food
  • Tight fitting clothing
 ✔

(Suspect delayed gastric emptying)

✔ - - - - Other symptoms:

Complications

Peptic ulcer disease

Duodenal ulcer

  • Pain aggravates with empty stomach

Gastric ulcer

  • Pain aggravates with food
  • Pain alleviates with food
 ✔ ✔ - - - Gastric ulcers
  • Discrete mucosal lesions with a punched-out smooth ulcer base with whitish fibrinoid base
  • Most ulcers are at the junction of fundus and antrum
  • 0.5-2.5cm

Duodenal ulcers

Other diagnostic tests
Gastrinoma - - ✔

(suspect gastric outlet obstruction)

✔ - - - Useful in collecting the tissue for biopsy

Diagnostic tests

Gastric Adenocarcinoma - - ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
  • Multiple biopsies are taken to establish the diagnosis
 Other symptoms
Primary gastric lymphoma - - - - - ✔ - - Useful in collecting the tissue for biopsy Other symptoms

Video codes

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{{#ev:youtube|x6e9Pk6inYI}} {{#ev:youtube|4uSSvD1BAHg}} {{#ev:youtube|PQXb5D-5UZw}}

Video in table

{{#ev:youtube|5ucSlgqGAno}}

Floating video

Title
https://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ypYI_lmLD7g%7C350}}

Redirect

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Image

Normal versus Abnormal Barium study of esophagus with varices


Image to the right

C. burnetii, the Q fever causing agent
C. burnetii, the Q fever causing agent

Image and text to the right

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Gallery

References

  1. ↑ Miner PB, Harri JE, McPhee MS (1982). "Intermittent gastric outlet obstruction from a pedunculated gastric polyp". Gastrointest. Endosc. 28 (3): 219–20. PMID 7129059.
  2. ↑ Gencosmanoglu R, Sen-Oran E, Kurtkaya-Yapicier O, Tozun N (2003). "Antral hyperplastic polyp causing intermittent gastric outlet obstruction: case report". BMC Gastroenterol. 3: 16. doi:10.1186/1471-230X-3-16. PMC 166166. PMID 12831404.
  3. ↑ Zargar SA, Kochhar R, Nagi B, Mehta S, Mehta SK (1989). "Ingestion of corrosive acids. Spectrum of injury to upper gastrointestinal tract and natural history". Gastroenterology. 97 (3): 702–7. PMID 2753330.
  4. ↑ Taylor SM, Adams DB, Anderson MC (1991). "Duodenal stricture: a complication of chronic fibrocalcific pancreatitis". South. Med. J. 84 (3): 338–41. PMID 2000520.
  5. ↑ Menke DM, Kyle RA, Fleming CR, Wolfe JT, Kurtin PJ, Oldenburg WA (1993). "Symptomatic gastric amyloidosis in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis". Mayo Clin. Proc. 68 (8): 763–7. PMID 8331978.
  6. ↑ Friedman S, Janowitz HD (1998). "Systemic amyloidosis and the gastrointestinal tract". Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. 27 (3): 595–614, vi. PMID 9891699.
  7. ↑ Khan S, Orenstein SR (2000). "Eosinophilic gastroenteritis masquerading as pyloric stenosis". Clin Pediatr (Phila). 39 (1): 55–7. doi:10.1177/000992280003900109. PMID 10660821.
  8. ↑ Chaudhary R, Shrivastava RK, Mukhopadhyay HG, Diwan RN, Das AK (2001). "Eosinophilic gastritis--an unusual cause of gastric outlet obstruction". Indian J Gastroenterol. 20 (3): 110. PMID 11400803.
  9. ↑ Tursi A, Rella G, Inchingolo CD, Maiorano M (2007). "Gastric outlet obstruction due to gastroduodenal eosinophilic gastroenteritis". Endoscopy. 39 Suppl 1: E184. doi:10.1055/s-2006-945125. PMID 17614041.
  10. ↑ Chen MJ, Chu CH, Lin SC, Shih SC, Wang TE (2003). "Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: clinical experience with 15 patients". World J. Gastroenterol. 9 (12): 2813–6. PMC 4612059. PMID 14669340.
  11. ↑ Lee CM, Changchien CS, Chen PC, Lin DY, Sheen IS, Wang CS, Tai DI, Sheen-Chen SM, Chen WJ, Wu CS (1993). "Eosinophilic gastroenteritis: 10 years experience". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 88 (1): 70–4. PMID 8420276.
  12. ↑ Aranha GV, Prinz RA, Greenlee HB, Freeark RJ (1984). "Gastric outlet and duodenal obstruction from inflammatory pancreatic disease". Arch Surg. 119 (7): 833–5. PMID 6732492.
  13. ↑ Agrawal NM, Gyr N, McDowell W, Font RG (1974). "Intestinal obstruction due to acute pancreatitis. Case report and review of literature". Am J Dig Dis. 19 (2): 179–85. PMID 4811173.
  14. ↑ Bradley EL (1989). "Complications of chronic pancreatitis". Surg. Clin. North Am. 69 (3): 481–97. PMID 2658160.
  15. ↑ Levenick JM, Gordon SR, Sutton JE, Suriawinata A, Gardner TB (2009). "A comprehensive, case-based review of groove pancreatitis". Pancreas. 38 (6): e169–75. doi:10.1097/MPA.0b013e3181ac73f1. PMID 19629001.
  16. ↑ Stampfl DA, Grimm IS, Barbot DJ, Rosato FE, Gordon SJ (1990). "Sarcoidosis causing duodenal obstruction. Case report and review of gastrointestinal manifestations". Dig. Dis. Sci. 35 (4): 526–32. PMID 2180656.
  17. ↑ Johnson FE, Humbert JR, Kuzela DC, Todd JK, Lilly JR (1975). "Gastric outlet obstruction due to X-linked chronic granulomatous disease". Surgery. 78 (2): 217–23. PMID 807981.
  18. ↑ Mulholland MW, Delaney JP, Simmons RL (1983). "Gastrointestinal complications of chronic granulomatous disease: surgical implications". Surgery. 94 (4): 569–75. PMID 6623357.
  19. ↑ Huang A, Abbasakoor F, Vaizey CJ (2006). "Gastrointestinal manifestations of chronic granulomatous disease". Colorectal Dis. 8 (8): 637–44. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1318.2006.01030.x. PMID 16970572.
  20. ↑ Bakken DA, Abramo TJ (1997). "Gastric lactobezoar: a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction". Pediatr Emerg Care. 13 (4): 264–7. PMID 9291515.
  21. ↑ De Backer A, Van Nooten V, Vandenplas Y (1999). "Huge gastric trichobezoar in a 10-year-old girl: case report with emphasis on endoscopy in diagnosis and therapy". J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 28 (5): 513–5. PMID 10328129.
  22. ↑ Phillips MR, Zaheer S, Drugas GT (1998). "Gastric trichobezoar: case report and literature review". Mayo Clin. Proc. 73 (7): 653–6. doi:10.1016/S0025-6196(11)64889-1. PMID 9663194.
  23. ↑ White NB, Gibbs KE, Goodwin A, Teixeira J (2003). "Gastric bezoar complicating laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, and review of literature". Obes Surg. 13 (6): 948–50. doi:10.1381/096089203322618849. PMID 14738689.
  24. ↑ Zapata R, Castillo F, Córdova A (2006). "[Gastric food bezoar as a complication of bariatric surgery. Case report and review of the literature]". Gastroenterol Hepatol (in Spanish; Castilian). 29 (2): 77–80. PMID 16448609.
  25. ↑ Nugent FW, Roy MA (1989). "Duodenal Crohn's disease: an analysis of 89 cases". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 84 (3): 249–54. PMID 2919581.
  26. ↑ Kefalas CH (2003). "Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease". Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 16 (2): 147–51. PMC 1201000. PMID 16278730.
  27. ↑ Matsui T, Hatakeyama S, Ikeda K, Yao T, Takenaka K, Sakurai T (1997). "Long-term outcome of endoscopic balloon dilation in obstructive gastroduodenal Crohn's disease". Endoscopy. 29 (7): 640–5. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1004271. PMID 9360875.
  28. ↑ Fitzgibbons TJ, Green G, Silberman H, Eliasoph J, Halls JM, Yellin AE (1980). "Management of Crohn's disease involving the duodenum, including duodenal cutaneous fistula". Arch Surg. 115 (9): 1022–8. PMID 6106466.
  29. ↑ Amarapurkar DN, Patel ND, Amarapurkar AD (2003). "Primary gastric tuberculosis--report of 5 cases". BMC Gastroenterol. 3: 6. PMC 155648. PMID 12703983.
  30. ↑ Rao YG, Pande GK, Sahni P, Chattopadhyay TK (2004). "Gastroduodenal tuberculosis management guidelines, based on a large experience and a review of the literature". Can J Surg. 47 (5): 364–8. PMC 3211943. PMID 15540690.
  31. ↑ Padussis J, Loffredo B, McAneny D (2005). "Minimally invasive management of obstructive gastroduodenal tuberculosis". Am Surg. 71 (8): 698–700. PMID 16217956.
  32. ↑ Di Placido R, Pietroletti R, Leardi S, Simi M (1996). "Primary gastroduodenal tuberculous infection presenting as pyloric outlet obstruction". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 91 (4): 807–8. PMID 8677960.
  33. ↑ Subei I, Attar B, Schmitt G, Levendoglu H (1987). "Primary gastric tuberculosis: a case report and literature review". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 82 (8): 769–72. PMID 3605037.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 Neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas. Libre Pathology. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Neuroendocrine_tumour_of_the_pancreas

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REFERENCES

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