Tuberculosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Tuberculosis can be a difficult disease to [[diagnose]], due mainly to the difficulty in [[Cell culture|culturing]] this slow-growing organism in the laboratory. A complete medical evaluation for TB must include a [[medical history]], a [[chest x-ray]], and a [[physical examination]].
The general symptoms of TB disease include [[weakness]], [[weight loss]], [[fever]], and [[night sweats]]. The symptoms of TB disease of the lungs also include [[coughing]], [[chest pain]], and [[hemoptysis]. Symptoms of TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the area affected.


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==

Revision as of 14:34, 4 September 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The general symptoms of TB disease include weakness, weight loss, fever, and night sweats. The symptoms of TB disease of the lungs also include coughing, chest pain, and [[hemoptysis]. Symptoms of TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the area affected.

History and Symptoms

Mantoux tuberculin skin test

Clinicians should ask about the patient’s history of TB exposure, infection, or disease. It is also important to consider demographic factors (e.g., country of origin, age, ethnic or racial group, occupation) that may increase the patient’s risk for exposure to TB or to drug-resistant TB. Also, clinicians should determine whether the patient has medical conditions, especially HIV infection, that increase the risk of latent TB infection progressing to TB disease.

When the disease becomes active, 75% of the cases are pulmonary TB. Pulmonary TB disease should be suspected in persons who have the following symptoms:

In the other 25% of active cases, the infection moves from the lungs, causing other kinds of TB more common in immunosuppressed persons and young children. Extrapulmonary infection sites include:

An especially serious form is disseminated TB, more commonly known as miliary tuberculosis. Although extrapulmonary TB is not contagious, it may co-exist with pulmonary TB, which is contagious.[1]

References

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Tuberculosis Elimination. Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis: What the Clinician Should Know. 4th edition (2000). Updated Aug 2003.

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