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'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
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  | Name          = Impetigo  
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{{Impetigo}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}


==Overview==
==[[Impetigo overview|Overview]]==
'''Impetigo''' is a superficial skin infection most common among children age 2–6 years.  People who play close contact sports such as rugby, American football and wrestling are also susceptible, regardless of age. The name derives from the [[Latin]] ''impetere'' ("assail"). It is also known as school sores. 


==Transmission==
==[[Impetigo pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
The [[infection]] is spread by direct contact with lesions or with nasal carriers. The [[incubation period]] is 1–3 days. Dried streptococci in the air are not infectious to intact skin.


==Diagnosis==
==[[Impetigo causes|Causes]]==
The diagnosis is made based on the typical appearance of the skin lesion.


===Common Causes===
==[[Impetigo differential diagnosis|Differentiating Impetigo from other Diseases]]==
Impetigo is usually caused by ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'', it may also be caused by the same [[streptococcus]] strain that causes [[strep throat]], ''[[Streptococcus pyogenes]]''.


According to the [[American Academy of Family Physicians]] - "Nonbullous impetigo was previously thought to be a group A streptococcal process and bullous impetigo was primarily thought to be caused by S. aureus. Studies now indicate that both forms of impetigo are primarily caused by S. aureus with Streptococcus usually being involved in the nonbullous form"<ref>{{cite journal |author=Stulberg DL, Penrod MA, Blatny RA |title=Common bacterial skin infections |journal=American family physician |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=119-24 |year=2002 |pmid=12126026 |doi= |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020701/119.html}}</ref>
==[[Impetigo epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


Scratching may spread the [[lesion]]s.
==[[Impetigo risk factors|Risk Factors]]==


===Signs and symptoms===
==[[Impetigo natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
One or more [[pimple]]-like lesions surrounded by reddened skin. Lesions fill with [[pus]], then break down over 4–6 days and form a thick crust. Impetigo is often associated with insect bites, cuts, and other forms of [[Physical trauma|trauma]] to the skin. Itching is common.


People who suffer from [[Herpes simplex virus|cold sores]] have shown higher chances of suffering from impetigo. Those who normally suffer from cold sores should consult a doctor if normal treatment has no effect.
==Diagnosis==


=== Physical Examination ===
[[Impetigo history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Impetigo physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Impetigo laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Impetigo other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
====Skin====
<div align="center">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Impetigo_two.jpg|Impetigo<ref>http://picasaweb.google.com/mcmumbi/USMLEIIImages/photo#5089143260205854098</ref>
Image:Impetigo.jpg|Skin lesions that proved to be impetigo.<ref>http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lh3.google.com/_p163cKQmQ3k/RqBEn-ukrPI/AAAAAAAAAY8/v2CX9vPz7B4/s800/roth-spot%2B(white-centered%2Bhemorrhage%2B-%2Bendocarditis).jpg&imgrefurl=http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/uugpiqwnGqw04cE42LS_-g&h=262&w=360&sz=19&hl=en&start=19&um=1&tbnid=F2wEexJaxk3GEM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=121&prev=/images%3Fq%3DEndocarditis%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26sa%3DN</ref>
</gallery>
</div>
{{clr}}


==Treatment==
==Treatment==
Topical or oral [[antibiotic]]s are usually prescribed.


Treatment may involve washing with soap and water and letting the impetigo dry in the air.
[[Impetigo medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Impetigo primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Impetigo secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Impetigo cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Impetigo future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]


Many general practitioners choose to treat impetigo with bactericidal ointment, such as [[fusidic acid]] (Fucidin) or [[mupirocin]] (Bactroban), but in more severe cases oral antibiotics, such as [[flucloxacillin]] (e.g. Floxapen) or [[erythromycin]] (e.g. Erythrocin) or [[Dicloxacillin]] are necessary.
==Case Studies==
 
[[Impetigo case study one|Case #1]]
It is ''very'' important to remove the crusts before applying ointment, because the [[bacteria]] that cause the disease live underneath them.


==See also==
==See also==
{{wiktionary}}
{{wiktionary}}
* [[Group A streptococcal infection]]
* [[Group A streptococcal infection]]
==References==
<references/>


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/impetigo.html NIH/Medline]
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/impetigo.html NIH/Medline]
* [http://tray.dermatology.uiowa.edu/Impetigo004.htm Photo (University of Iowa)]
 
{{Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue}}
{{Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue}}
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Infectious skin diseases]]
[[Category:Infectious skin diseases]]

Revision as of 16:45, 9 October 2012

For patient information click here

Impetigo
ICD-10 L01
ICD-9 684
DiseasesDB 6753
MedlinePlus 000860

Impetigo Microchapters

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Overview

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Pathophysiology

Causes

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Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

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Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

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Treatment

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Primary Prevention

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Future or Investigational Therapies

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Case #1

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Risk calculators and risk factors for Impetigo

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Impetigo from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

See also

External links



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