HIV resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptomThe first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.
[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]], the agent causing [[Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome]], is one of the leading infectious burden globally and fifth leading cause of [[disability]] in people of all ages. Belonging to the family of [[Retroviridae]], it particularly infects the [[immune system]] cells such as [[CD4+ T cells]], [[dendritic cells]] and [[macrophages]]. It has 2 serotypes with HIV-1 being most [[virulent]] and [[pathogenic]]. It is transmitted via sexual fluids([[vaginal]] and [[semen]]), [[blood]] by [[percutaneous inoculation]], [[Placenta]](vertical transmission from mother to fetus) and [[breast milk]]. Due to competency of [[Antiretroviral therapy]], it is now considered as chronic illness seen most commonly in [[mono-sexual]] men. Initially the infection is asymptomatic until it develops into the last stage [[AIDS]] where patient present with infections due to suppressed immunity. It is diagnosed by [[PCR]], [[ELISA]], [[western blot]] and [[Rapid antigen testing]]. [[ART]] and [[vaccines]] have shown promising results in treatment and prevention respectively. As prevention is the foundation, CDC recommends screening mono-sexual men, [[pregnant]] women, [[drug abusers]] ad sexually active [[heterosexuals]]. Despite better treatment, it remains a serious disease that require more efforts by health care providers in terms of [[surveillance]] and education.


==Causes==
==Causes==

Revision as of 11:46, 17 September 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:


Overview

Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the agent causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is one of the leading infectious burden globally and fifth leading cause of disability in people of all ages. Belonging to the family of Retroviridae, it particularly infects the immune system cells such as CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. It has 2 serotypes with HIV-1 being most virulent and pathogenic. It is transmitted via sexual fluids(vaginal and semen), blood by percutaneous inoculation, Placenta(vertical transmission from mother to fetus) and breast milk. Due to competency of Antiretroviral therapy, it is now considered as chronic illness seen most commonly in mono-sexual men. Initially the infection is asymptomatic until it develops into the last stage AIDS where patient present with infections due to suppressed immunity. It is diagnosed by PCR, ELISA, western blot and Rapid antigen testing. ART and vaccines have shown promising results in treatment and prevention respectively. As prevention is the foundation, CDC recommends screening mono-sexual men, pregnant women, drug abusers ad sexually active heterosexuals. Despite better treatment, it remains a serious disease that require more efforts by health care providers in terms of surveillance and education.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References


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