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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
===History=== | ===History=== | ||
===Common Symptoms=== | ===Common Symptoms=== | ||
* By definition, an adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass detected on imaging not performed for any suspected adrenal disease. The imaging study is not done for symptoms related to adrenal hormone excess. Although, 10 to 15 percent secrete excess amounts of hormones such as [[cortisol]], [[catecholamines]], and [[aldosterone]] as follow: | |||
*[ | * The most common clinical presentation is called subclinical [[Cushing's syndrome]] which includes [[diabetes]], and a high incidence of [[vertebral fractures]], [[dyslipidemia]], [[impaired glucose tolerance]] or [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2 diabetes mellitus]], and evidence of [[atherosclerosis]]. These patients lack many of the usual stigmata of [[Cushing's syndrome]]. | ||
*[ | * [[Pheochromocytoma]]: Paroxysmal attacks of [[Hypertension|hypertension,]] [[palpitation]], [[diaphoresis]], [[headache]], [[pallor]], and [[Tremor|tremor.]] | ||
*[ | * [[Cushing's syndrome]]: [[central obesity]], [[Muscle weakness|proximal muscle weakness]], supraclavicular [[fat]] pad, and [[plethora]] in face. | ||
* Primary [[hyperaldosteronism]]: [[hypertension]] and [[hypokalemia]]. So, hypertensive patients should be evaluated for an [[Hyperaldosteronism|aldosteronoma]] even if the serum [[potassium]] concentration is normal. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:23, 23 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
History and Symptoms
History
Common Symptoms
- By definition, an adrenal incidentaloma is an adrenal mass detected on imaging not performed for any suspected adrenal disease. The imaging study is not done for symptoms related to adrenal hormone excess. Although, 10 to 15 percent secrete excess amounts of hormones such as cortisol, catecholamines, and aldosterone as follow:
- The most common clinical presentation is called subclinical Cushing's syndrome which includes diabetes, and a high incidence of vertebral fractures, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and evidence of atherosclerosis. These patients lack many of the usual stigmata of Cushing's syndrome.
- Pheochromocytoma: Paroxysmal attacks of hypertension, palpitation, diaphoresis, headache, pallor, and tremor.
- Cushing's syndrome: central obesity, proximal muscle weakness, supraclavicular fat pad, and plethora in face.
- Primary hyperaldosteronism: hypertension and hypokalemia. So, hypertensive patients should be evaluated for an aldosteronoma even if the serum potassium concentration is normal.