Colitis: Difference between revisions

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===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
*Aganglionic [[megacolon]]
{{columns-list|3|
*[[Albinism]]
*[[Aganglionic megacolon]]
*[[Alosetron (patient information)]]
*[[Albinism]]  
*[[Ampicillin Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Alosetron ]]
*[[Ankylosing Spondylitis]]
*[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency]]
*[[Ampicillin oral]]  
*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
*[[Auranofin]]
*[[Auranofin]]
*[[Autistic enterocolitis]]
*[[Autistic enterocolitis]]
*[[Azithromycin]]
*[[Azithromycin]]
*[[Aztreonam Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Aztreonam injection]]
*[[Bacillary dysentery]]
*[[Bacillary dysentery]]
*[[Bacterial gastroenteritis]]
*[[Bacterial gastroenteritis]]
*[[Behcet disease]]
*[[Balantidium coli]]
*[[Behcet disease]]  
*[[Campylobacter jejuni]]
*[[Campylobacter jejuni]]
*[[Cefaclor]]
*[[Cap polyposis]]
*[[Cefadroxil (patient information)]]
*[[Cefaclor]]  
*[[Cefamandole Nafate Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefadroxil]]
*[[Cefazolin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefamandole nafate injection]]
*[[Cefazolin sodium injection]]
*[[Cefepime]]
*[[Cefepime]]
*[[Cefepime Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefepime injection]]
*[[Cefoperazone Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefoperazone sodium injection]]
*[[Cefotaxime Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefotaxime sodium injection ]]
*[[Cefotetan Disodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefotetan disodium injection ]]
*[[Cefoxitin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Cefoxitin sodium injection]]
*[[Cefpodoxime (patient information)]]
*[[Cefpodoxime]]
*[[Ceftazidime Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ceftazidime]]
*[[Ceftazidime]]
*[[Ceftizoxime Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ceftazidime injection]]
*[[Ceftriaxone Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ceftizoxime sodium injection]]
*[[Cefuroxime Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ceftriaxone sodium injection]]
*[[Cephalexin (patient information)]]
*[[Cefuroxime sodium injection]]
*[[Cephalexin]]
*[[Cephalosporin]]
*[[Cephalosporin]]
*[[Cephradine Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Cephradine oral]]  
*[[Chemical colitis]]
*[[Chemical colitis]]
*[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]
*[[Chlamydia trachomatis]]
*[[Cidofovir]]
*[[Cidofovir]]
*[[Clindamycin]]
*[[Cilansetron]]
*[[Clindamycin]]  
*[[Clostridium difficile]]
*[[Clostridium difficile]]
*[[Co-amoxiclav]]
*[[Co-amoxiclav]]
*[[Colitis ulcerosa]]
*[[Colitis ulcerosa]]
*[[Collagenous colitis]]
*[[Collagenous colitis]]
*[[Colonic ischemia]]
*[[Common variable immunodeficiency]]
*[[Corticosteroid]]
*[[Corticosteroid]]
*[[Crohn disease]]
*[[Crohn's disease]]
*[[Cryptosporidiosis]]
*[[Cryptosporidiosis]]
*[[Cytomegalovirus]]
*[[Cytomegalovirus]]
*[[Cytomegalovirus]]
*[[Darifenacin ]]
*[[Darifenacin (patient information)]]
*[[Dental braces]]
*[[Dental braces]]
*[[Desogestrel and Ethinyl Estradiol]]
*[[Desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol]]  
*[[Dicloxacillin (patient information)]]
*[[Dicloxacillin ]]
*[[Dirithromycin (patient information)]]
*[[Dirithromycin]]
*[[Diversion colitis]]
*[[Diversion colitis]]
*[[Enoxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Diverticulosis]]
*[[Enoxacin ]]
*[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
*[[Entamoeba histolytica]]
*[[Ertapenem]]
*[[Ertapenem]]
*[[Erythromycin and Sulfisoxazole (patient information)]]
*[[Erythromycin and Sulfisoxazole]]
*[[Escherichia coli O157:H7]]
*[[Escherichia coli O157:H7]]
*[[EVAR]]
*[[EVAR]]
*[[Flucytosine]]
*[[Flucytosine]]
*[[Gerson diet]]
*[[Gerson diet]]
*[[Glycopyrrolate (patient information)]]
*[[Giardiasis]]
*[[Hyoscyamine (patient information)]]
*[[Glycopyrrolate]]  
*[[Imipenem and Cilastatin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Hyoscyamine]]
*[[Infectious colitis]]
*[[Idelalisib]]
*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
*[[Imipenem and cilastatin sodium injection]]
*[[Infectious colitis]]  
*[[Inflammatory bowel disease]]
*[[Intestinal ischemia]]
*[[Ipilimumab]]  
*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]
*[[Irritable bowel syndrome]]
*[[Ischemic colitis]]
*[[Ischemic colitis]]
*[[Isosporiasis]]
*[[Isosporiasis]]
*[[Ixabepilone]]
*[[Ixabepilone]]
*[[Lanthanum (patient information)]]
*[[Lanthanum ]]
*[[Levofloxacin Oral (patient information)]]
*[[Levofloxacin oral]]
*[[Lincomycin Hydrochloride]]
*[[Lincomycin hydrochloride]]
*[[Linezolid]]
*[[Linezolid]]
*[[Lomefloxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Lomefloxacin ]]
*[[Loracarbef (patient information)]]
*[[Loracarbef]]  
*[[Lymphocytic colitis]]
*[[Lymphocytic colitis]]
*[[Methotrexate (patient information)]]
*[[Lysinuric protein intolerance]]
*[[Miconazole Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Methotrexate]]  
*[[Miconazole injection]]
*[[Microscopic colitis]]
*[[Microscopic colitis]]
*[[Milk allergy]]
*[[Milk allergy]]
*[[Moxifloxacin]]
*[[Moxifloxacin]]
*[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
*[[Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome]]
*[[Nafcillin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Nafcillin sodium injection]]
*[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]
*[[Neisseria gonorrhoeae]]  
*[[Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis]]
*[[Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis]]
*[[Norfloxacin (patient information)]]
*[[Nivolumab]]
*[[Ofloxacin injection (patient information)]]
*[[Norfloxacin]]
*[[Oxacillin Sodium Injection (patient information)]]
*[[Ofloxacin injection]]
*[[Oxacillin sodium injection]]
*[[Oxcarbazepine]]
*[[Oxcarbazepine]]
*[[Oxybutynin (patient information)]]
*[[Oxybutynin]]
*[[Peginterferon alfa-2a (patient information)]]
*[[Peginterferon alfa-2a]]
*[[Peginterferon alfa-2b (patient information)]]
*[[Penicillin]]
*[[Penicillin]]
*[[Pergolide]]
*[[Pergolide]]
*[[Piperacillin sodium injection (patient information)]]
*[[Pigbel]]
*[[Piperacillin sodium injection]]
*[[Pramipexole]]
*[[Pramipexole]]
*[[Prednisolone]]
*[[Prednisolone]]
*[[Procyclidine (patient information)]]
*[[Primary sclerosing cholangitis]]
*[[Procyclidine]]
*[[Propantheline]]
*[[Propantheline]]
*[[Pseudoephedrine]]
*[[Protein losing enteropathy]]
*[[Pseudoephedrine]]  
*[[Pseudomembranous colitis]]
*[[Pseudomembranous colitis]]
*[[Quinolone]]
*[[Quinolone]]
*[[Radiation colitis]]
*[[Radiation colitis]]
*[[Reserpine]]
*[[Radiation proctitis]]
*[[Ramosetron]]
*[[Reserpine]]
*[[Salmonella]]
*[[Schistosoma]]
*[[Scleroderma]]
*[[Scleroderma]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Shigella]]
*[[Solifenacin]]
*[[Solifenacin]]
*[[Sparfloxacin]]
*[[Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome]]
*[[Syphilis]]
*[[Soy protein]]
*[[Tegaserod]
*[[Sparfloxacin]]
*[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]
*[[Syphilis]]  
*[[Tegaserod]]
*[[Toxic megacolon]]
*[[Treponema pallidum]]
*[[Treponema pallidum]]
*[[Typhilitis]]
*[[Typhilitis]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
*[[Vasculitis]]
*[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]
*[[Yersinia enterocolitica]]
}}


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==

Revision as of 16:15, 19 March 2015

WikiDoc Resources for Colitis

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Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Colitis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M.Umer Tariq [2]; Maham Khan [3]; Rim Halaby, M.D. [4]

Synonyms and keywords: autoimmune colitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's colitis, infectious colitis, pseudomembranous colitis, enterohemorrhagic colitis, microscopic colitis, lymphocytic colitis, collagenous colitis, diversion colitis, chemical colitis, ischemic colitis, indeterminate colitis, atypical colitis, fulminant colitis, immune mediated colitis, immune colitis

Overview

Colitis is the inflammation of the colon, that can be either acute or chronic.

Classification

Classes of Colitis Disorders
Autoimmune colitis
Infectious colitis
Microscopic colitis
Iatrogenic
Vacular disease
Unclassifiable

Notes:

  • Fulminant colitis is any colitis with a rapid downhill clinical course; in addition to the diarrhea, fever, and anemia seen in colitis, the patient has severe abdominal pain and presents a clinical picture similar to that of septicemia, where shock is present.
  • Irritable bowel syndrome, a separate disease, has been called spastic colitis or spastic colon. This name causes confusion, since colitis is not a feature of irritable bowel syndrome.
  • Immune mediated colitis is the experimental name in animal studies of ulcerative colitis. It is a synonym of ulcerative colitis, but it should not be used as a synonym when referring to ulcerative colitis.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning

Chemical colitis,

Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect

Alosetron (patient information), ampicillin Oral (patient information), auranofin, aztreonam Injection (patient information), azithromycin, cefadroxil (patient information), cefaclor, cefamandole nafate injection (patient information), cefazolin sodium injection (patient information), cefepime injection (patient information), cefepime, cefoperazone sodium injection (patient information), cefotaxime sodium, cefotaxime sodium injection (patient information), cefotetan disodium injection (patient information), cefoxitin sodium injection (patient information), cefpodoxime (patient information), ceftazidime injection (patient information), ceftizoxime sodium injection (patient information), ceftriaxone sodium injection (patient information), cefuroxime sodium injection (patient information), cephalexin (patient information), cephalosporin, cephradine oral (patient information), clindamycin, co-amoxiclav, corticosteroid, darifenacin (patient information), dicloxacillin (patient information), dirithromycin (patient information), enoxacin (patient information), ertapenem, erythromycin and sulfisoxazole (patient information), ethynodiol diacetate and ethinyl estradiol, flucytosine, glycopyrrolate (patient information), hyoscyamine (patient information), idelalisib, imipenem and cilastatin sodium injection (patient information), ipilimumab, lanthanum (patient information), leflunomide, levofloxacin oral (patient information), lincomycin hydrochloride, linezolid, lomefloxacin (patient information), loracarbef (patient information), methotrexate (patient information), miconazole injection (patient information), moxifloxacin, nafcillin sodium injection (patient information), nivolumab, norfloxacin (patient information), ofloxacin injection (patient information), oxacillin sodium injection (patient information), oxybutynin (patient information), peginterferon alfa-2a (patient information), peginterferon alfa-2b (patient information), pembrolizumab penicillin, piperacillin sodium injection (patient information), prednisolone, procyclidine (patient information), propantheline (patient information), reserpine (patient information), solifenacin (patient information), sparfloxacin (patient information), tegaserod (patient information)

Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic

Aganglionic Megacolon, Irritable bowel syndrome, Ischemic colitis, Inflammatory bowel disease, Lymphocytic colitis, Microscopic colitis, Crohn disease,

Genetic

Albinism,

Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic

Diversion colitis, EVAR,

Infectious Disease

Bacterial gastroenteritis, Bacillary dysentery, Campylobacter jejuni, Chlamydia trachomatis, Clostridium difficile, Cryptosporidiosis, Cytomegalovirus, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Entamoeba histolytica, Isosporiasis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Typhlitis, Yersinia enterocolitica,

Musculoskeletal / Ortho

Ankylosing Spondylitis,

Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic

Gerson diet, Milk allergy,

Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric

Autistic enterocolitis,

Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy

Behcet disease, Collagenous colitis, Dental braces, Inflammatory bowel disease,

Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,

Causes in Alphabetical Order

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3

Diagnosis

Symptoms

Physical Examination

Diagnostic Tests

Colitis is associated with the following findings:

Common tests which reveal these signs include:

Additional tests include stool cultures and blood tests, including blood chemistry tests. A high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is one typical finding in acute exacerbations of colitis.

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Treatment of colitis may include the administration of antibiotics and general anti-inflammatory medications such as Mesalamine or its derivatives, steroids, or one of a number of other drugs that ameliorate inflammation.

Changes in diet can be effective at treating the symptoms of colitis and easing the side effects. These can include reducing the intake of carbohydrates, lactose products, soft drinks, and caffeine. This approach has been championed by Elaine Gottschall.

Hygienic and naturopathic doctors have taken the diet approach further, attributing bowel inflammation to toxemia stemming from high-protein, fatty diets and other dietary irritants. Changing to a low-fat, minimally-processed, whole-foods diet per the Natural Hygiene self-healing system has been effective in eliminating symptoms and rebuilding health. Dr. Zarin Azar, MD,, is one advocate of this healing system.

Infliximab (or REMICADE) - a drug originally produced to treat Rheumatoid Arthritis - has recently been approved for the treatment of Colitis where traditional treatments have failed. REMICADE is a biologic therapy that recognizes, attaches to, and blocks the action of a protein in your body called tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). TNF-alpha is made by certain blood cells in your body. It is administered through a series of infusions.

Surgery

Approximately half of patients with fulminant colitis require surgery. Surgery usually entails removing the colon and bowel and creating a "pouch" with portions of the small intestine.

References


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