Tracheitis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dushka Riaz, MD

Overview

Bacterial tracheitis is most often caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It frequently follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. Common causes include Streptococcus Pyogenes, Haemophilus Influenza, Moraxella Catarrhalis, Mycoplasma Pneumonia, Echoviruses, Klebsiella Pneumonia, Adenovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsakievirus and Influenza virus. ^[1]

Causes

Bacterial tracheitis is most often caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It frequently follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. Common causes include Staphylococcus Aureus, Streptococcus Pyogenes, Haemophilus Influenza, Moraxella Catarrhalis, Mycoplasma Pneumonia, Echoviruses, Klebsiella Pneumonia, Adenovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsakievirus and Influenza virus. ^[2]

Life-threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of tracheitis itself, however, complications resulting from untreated tracheitis can occur. Acute airway obstruction can occur due to rapidly developing exudates and thick membranes in the trachea which requires emergency intubation to maintain airway. ^[3]

Common Causes

Common causes of tracheitis may include: ^[2] ^[3] ^[4]

Staphylococcus Aureus, this is the most common.
Haemophilus Influenza
Streptococcus Viridans
Streptococcus Pyogenes
Moraxella Catarrhalis
Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Parainfluenza 1
Influenza A and B
RSV
Adenovirus
Rhinovirus
Coxsackievirus
Paramyxovirus

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of tracheitis include: ^[5]

Genetic Causes

There are no known genetic causes for tracheitis.

References

↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 29262085.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G, Nissenbaum A, Kenyon DH, Oro J, Worathumrong N, Grimes AJ, Lefkowitz RJ, Cannon JG, O'Donnell JP, Lee T, Hoppin CR, Long JP, Ilhan M, Costall B, Naylor RJ (September 1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem. Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. doi:10.1007/BF01794634. PMID 10.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Donnelly, B. W.; McMillan, J. A.; Weiner, L. B. (1990). "Bacterial Tracheitis: Report of Eight New Cases and Review". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 12 (5): 729–735. doi:10.1093/clinids/164.5.729. ISSN 1058-4838.
↑ Lee YH, Seo H, Cha SI, Kim CH, Lee J (May 2019). "A case of pseudomembranous tracheitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in an immunocompetent patient". Ann Transl Med. 7 (9): 205. doi:10.21037/atm.2019.03.70. PMC 6545313 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31205923.
↑ Blot M, Bonniaud-Blot P, Favrolt N, Bonniaud P, Chavanet P, Piroth L (November 2017). "Update on childhood and adult infectious tracheitis". Med Mal Infect. 47 (7): 443–452. doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2017.06.006. PMC 7125831 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 28757125.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid29262085-1] "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 29262085.

[pmid10-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Schmoldt A, Benthe HF, Haberland G, Nissenbaum A, Kenyon DH, Oro J, Worathumrong N, Grimes AJ, Lefkowitz RJ, Cannon JG, O'Donnell JP, Lee T, Hoppin CR, Long JP, Ilhan M, Costall B, Naylor RJ (September 1975). "Digitoxin metabolism by rat liver microsomes". Biochem. Pharmacol. 24 (17): 1639–41. doi:10.1007/BF01794634. PMID 10.

[DonnellyMcMillan1990-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Donnelly, B. W.; McMillan, J. A.; Weiner, L. B. (1990). "Bacterial Tracheitis: Report of Eight New Cases and Review". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 12 (5): 729–735. doi:10.1093/clinids/164.5.729. ISSN 1058-4838.

[pmid31205923-4] Lee YH, Seo H, Cha SI, Kim CH, Lee J (May 2019). "A case of pseudomembranous tracheitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in an immunocompetent patient". Ann Transl Med. 7 (9): 205. doi:10.21037/atm.2019.03.70. PMC 6545313 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31205923.

[pmid28757125-5] Blot M, Bonniaud-Blot P, Favrolt N, Bonniaud P, Chavanet P, Piroth L (November 2017). "Update on childhood and adult infectious tracheitis". Med Mal Infect. 47 (7): 443–452. doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2017.06.006. PMC 7125831 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 28757125.

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