Psittacosis physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [3]
Overview
Patients with psittacosis usually appear to be in significant respiratory distress. Physical examination of patients with psittacosis is usually remarkable for rose spots called Horder's spots that can appear anywhere on the body. Splenomegaly is frequent toward the end of the first week. Diagnosis can be suspected in the case of respiratory infection associated with splenomegaly and/or epistaxis.
Physical Examination
Appearance
- Patients with psittacosis usually appear to be in significant respiratory distress.[1]
Vital Signs
Skin
- Horder spots - macular rashes that resemble the rose spots of typhoid. These appear on the face.
- Erythema multiforme/erythema nodosum may be noticed[2]
Eyes
- In the case of hepatitis, jaundice may be noticed.
- Conjunctivitis is present in a few cases.[3]
Throat
- Pharyngeal exudates (rare)
Heart
Lungs
- Consolidation may be suspected on percussion
- Rales may be heard
- Pleural friction rub can be noticed
- Decrease in breath sounds
Abdomen
- Splenomegaly can be noticed by the end of first week.
Extremities
- Arthritis in a few cases
Neurologic
- Confusion
- Seizure
- Cranial nerve palsy of cranial nerves II, IV, VI and VII
References
- ↑ Yung AP, Grayson ML (1988). "Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases". Med J Aust. 148 (5): 228–33. PMID 3343952.
- ↑ Macheta MP, Ackrill P, August PJ (1994). "Psittacosis, panniculitis and clofazimine". J Infect. 28 (1): 69–71. PMID 8163836.
- ↑ Lietman T, Brooks D, Moncada J, Schachter J, Dawson C, Dean D (1998). "Chronic follicular conjunctivitis associated with Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia pneumoniae". Clin Infect Dis. 26 (6): 1335–40. PMID 9636859.