Osteomyelitis risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2], Nate Michalak, B.A.
Overview
Risk factors for osteomyelitis include diabetes, hemodialysis, immunocompromised patients, tuberculosis infection, IV drug use, poor blood circulation, sickle-cell disease, recent trauma, and orthopedic surgery.
Risk Factors
Risk factors associated with osteomyelitis could be divided to 2 major categories; systemic factors and local factors:[1][2][3]
| Systemic factors | Local factors |
|---|---|
| Malnutrition | Chronic lymphedema |
| Diabetes mellitus | Venous stasis |
| Renal failure | Major vessel compromise |
| Hepatic failure | Arteritis |
| Chronic hypoxia | Small vessel disease |
| Immunodeficiency | Extensive scarring |
| Malignancy | Radiation fibrosis |
| Extremes of age | Neuropathy |
| Tobacco abuse (≥2 packs per day) | |
| Tuberculosis | Injected drug use |
| Orthopedic surgery | |
| Recent trauma |
References
- ↑ Lew, Daniel P.; Waldvogel, Francis A. (1997). "Osteomyelitis". New England Journal of Medicine. 336 (14): 999–1007. doi:10.1056/NEJM199704033361406. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Lew, Daniel P; Waldvogel, Francis A (2004). "Osteomyelitis". The Lancet. 364 (9431): 369–379. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16727-5. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Mader, Jon T.; Shirtliff, Mark; Calhoun, Jason H. (1997). "Staging and Staging Application in Osteomyelitis". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 25 (6): 1303–1309. doi:10.1086/516149. ISSN 1058-4838.