Non small cell lung cancer x ray
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
Chest X-ray is the initial imaging study in a patient with suspected non-small cell lung cancer. The initial evaluation of suspected lung cancer will depend upon the results of the chest X-ray. Further evaluation of suspected lung cancer includes contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest, neck, and abdomen.
X-Ray
Conventional chest radiograph may be helpful in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.[1][2][3]
- The majority of non-small cell lung cancers require further evaluation with either CT scan or MRI.
- Chest X-ray helps to assess the involvement of lung and adjacent structures:
- Primary detection and characterization of parenchymal tumor
- Assessment of main bronchi and tracheal involvement
- Detection of chest wall invasion
- Assessment of hilar and mediastinal invasion/adenopathy
- Detection of obstructive atelectasis and signs of pneumonitis
- Detection of pleural effusion
- On conventional radiography, characteristic findings of non-small cell lung cancer include:[3]
- Rounded or spiculated mass
- Bulky hilum (representing the tumor and local nodal involvement)
- Lobar collapse
- Cavitation may be seen as an air-fluid level
- Pleural effusion
- On conventional radiography, signs of non-small cell lung cancer include:[3]
- Golden "S" sign: created by a central mass obstructing the upper lobe bronchus and should raise suspicion of a primary lung cancer. Usually seen with right upper lobe collapse.
- Coin lesion: round or oval, well-circumscribed lesion
- Luftsichel sign: curvilinear opacity represents compensatory hyperinflation of the lobe
- Bronchial cut off sign: abrupt truncation of a bronchus from obstruction
References
- ↑ Purandare, NilenduC; Rangarajan, Venkatesh (2015). "Imaging of lung cancer: Implications on staging and management". Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging. 25 (2): 109. doi:10.4103/0971-3026.155831. ISSN 0971-3026.
- ↑ Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Templeton PA, Moran CA (1994). "Bronchogenic carcinoma: radiologic-pathologic correlation". Radiographics. 14 (2): 429–46, quiz 447–8. doi:10.1148/radiographics.14.2.8190965. PMID 8190965.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kundel HL (1981). "Predictive value and threshold detectability of lung tumors". Radiology. 139 (1): 25–9. doi:10.1148/radiology.139.1.7208937. PMID 7208937.