Kayser-Fleischer ring

Kayser-Fleischer ring
A Kayser-Fleischer ring in a 32-year-old patient who had longstanding speech difficulties and tremor.
ICD-10	H18.0
ICD-9	371.14
DiseasesDB	30056

WikiDoc Resources for Kayser-Fleischer ring
Articles
Most recent articles on Kayser-Fleischer ring Most cited articles on Kayser-Fleischer ring Review articles on Kayser-Fleischer ring Articles on Kayser-Fleischer ring in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Kayser-Fleischer ring Images of Kayser-Fleischer ring Photos of Kayser-Fleischer ring Podcasts & MP3s on Kayser-Fleischer ring Videos on Kayser-Fleischer ring
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Kayser-Fleischer ring Bandolier on Kayser-Fleischer ring TRIP on Kayser-Fleischer ring
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Kayser-Fleischer ring at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Kayser-Fleischer ring Clinical Trials on Kayser-Fleischer ring at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Kayser-Fleischer ring NICE Guidance on Kayser-Fleischer ring NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Kayser-Fleischer ring CDC on Kayser-Fleischer ring
Books
Books on Kayser-Fleischer ring
News
Kayser-Fleischer ring in the news Be alerted to news on Kayser-Fleischer ring News trends on Kayser-Fleischer ring
Commentary
Blogs on Kayser-Fleischer ring
Definitions
Definitions of Kayser-Fleischer ring
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Kayser-Fleischer ring Discussion groups on Kayser-Fleischer ring Patient Handouts on Kayser-Fleischer ring Directions to Hospitals Treating Kayser-Fleischer ring Risk calculators and risk factors for Kayser-Fleischer ring
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Kayser-Fleischer ring Causes & Risk Factors for Kayser-Fleischer ring Diagnostic studies for Kayser-Fleischer ring Treatment of Kayser-Fleischer ring
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Kayser-Fleischer ring
International
Kayser-Fleischer ring en Espanol Kayser-Fleischer ring en Francais
Business
Kayser-Fleischer ring in the Marketplace Patents on Kayser-Fleischer ring
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Kayser-Fleischer ring

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Kayser-Fleischer rings are dark rings that appear to encircle the iris of the eye. Synonyms include Gowers' chorea, hepatolenticular degeneration, or Westphal-Struempell pseudosclerosis.

Differential Diagnosis

Ceruloplasmin deficiency (synonyms include Ferroxidase deficiency, Aceruloplasminemia, Caeruloplasmin deficiency)

Physical Examination

Eye

The rings, which consist of copper deposits where the cornea meets the sclera, in Descemet's membrane, first appear as a crescent at the top of the cornea. Eventually, a second crescent forms below, at 6 o'clock, and ultimately completely encircles the cornea.

In later stages, the brownish rings can be seen with the naked eye. In earlier stages, an optometrist's or ophthalmologist's slit lamp reveals the golden brown or greenish-yellow crescents.

• 
• 
• 

Associations

Kayser-Fleischer rings are a sign of Wilson's disease, which involves abnormal copper handling by the liver resulting in copper accumulation in the body and is characterised by cerebral degenerative changes, liver cirrhosis, splenomegaly, involuntary movements, muscle rigidity, psychic disturbances, and dysphagia.

Kayser-Fleischer rings also appear in cases of chronic copper poisoning, as sometimes happens when children are fed milk warmed in copper or brass pots or when drinking water contains high levels of dissolved copper.

Chronic copper poisoning causes symptoms similar to Wilson's disease, including anemia and liver and kidney damage.

Symptoms of acute copper toxicity include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea and can result in anemia, severe liver damage and death.

External links

• Image at chemgapedia.de
• Template:WhoNamedIt
• Image (profile) at dro.hs.columbia.edu
• Image at Wilson's Disease Association International
• nice big image here [2]

Template:WikiDoc Sources