Enterobacter

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Enterobactputo.png
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gamma Proteobacteria
Order: Enterobacteriales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Enterobacter
Hormaeche & Edwards 1960
Species

E. aerogenes
E. amnigenus
E. cloacae
E. gergoviae
E. ludwigii
E. sakazakii
E. taylorae
etc.

Enterobacter is a genus of common Gram-negative, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Several strains of the these bacteria are pathogenic and cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (usually hospitalized) hosts. The urinary and respiratory tract are the most common sites of infection. Enterobacter can be distinguished from other GNR by virtue of being a 'fast fermenter' of lactose (as are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella).

Two clinically-important species from this genus are E. aerogenes and E. cloacae.

Antimicrobial therapy

  • 1. Empiric antimicrobial therapy pending in vitro susceptibility
  • 1.1 Non–life-threatening infections or MDR-GNB prevalence < 20%
  • 1.2 Life-threatening infections or MDR-GNB prevalence > 20%
  • 2. In vitro susceptibility available
  • 2.1 Susceptible to all tested agents
  • 2.2 Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacter spp.
  • Preferred regimen: Meropenem 0.5–1 g IV q8h
  • Alternative regimen (1): Imipenem 500 mg IV q6h
  • Alternative regimen (2): Doripenem 500 mg IV q8h
  • Alternative regimen (3): Ertapenem 1 g IV q24h
  • Alternative regimen (4): Cefepime 2 g IV q8h (if MIC ≤ 1 μg/mL)
  • 2.3 Resistant to all tested agents

References

  1. Sanders, W. E.; Sanders, C. C. (1997-04). "Enterobacter spp.: pathogens poised to flourish at the turn of the century". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 10 (2): 220–241. ISSN 0893-8512. PMC 172917. PMID 9105752. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. Jacoby, George A. (2009-01). "AmpC beta-lactamases". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 22 (1): 161–182. doi:10.1128/CMR.00036-08. ISSN 1098-6618. PMC 2620637. PMID 19136439. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. Paterson, David L.; Bonomo, Robert A. (2005-10). "Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases: a clinical update". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 18 (4): 657–686. doi:10.1128/CMR.18.4.657-686.2005. ISSN 0893-8512. PMC 1265908. PMID 16223952. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. Bartlett, John (2012). Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449625580.
  5. Gilbert, David (2015). The Sanford guide to antimicrobial therapy. Sperryville, Va: Antimicrobial Therapy. ISBN 978-1930808843.


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