Diabetic nephropathy physical examination
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
Overview
The majority of patients with diabetic nephropathy are asymptomatic. However, patients may present with other signs of diabetes mellitus or chronic renal failure.
Physical Examination
- The majority of patients with diabetic nephropathy are asymptomatic. However, patients may present with other signs of diabetes mellitus or chronic renal failure.
- The most common signs to look for in patients with diabetic nephropathy are those related to hypertension and volume overload. Examples include:
- Peripheral edema,
- Periorbital edema and
- Shortness of breath.
- Retinopathy is a strong indicator that kidney involvement.[1][2][1]
For full physical examination findings of chronic renal failure, click here.
For full physical examination findings of diabetes mellitus, click here.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Remuzzi G, Schieppati A, Ruggenenti P (2002). "Clinical practice. Nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes". N. Engl. J. Med. 346 (15): 1145–51. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp011773. PMID 11948275.
- ↑ Abboud H, Henrich WL (2010). "Clinical practice. Stage IV chronic kidney disease". N. Engl. J. Med. 362 (1): 56–65. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0906797. PMID 20054047.