Cretinism epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
The incidence of cretinism is estimated to be 31.5 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Cretinism is more in the Asian and Hispanic races more than the White and Black races. Cretinism affects the females more than males.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of cretinism is estimated to be 31.5 per 100,000 individuals in the United States.[1]
Age
- Cretinism affects the new borns.
Race
- Cretinism usually affects individuals of the Hispanic and Asian races more the White and Black races.
- The incidence of cretinism in the different races as the following:[1]
- Asian race: The incidence of cretinism is 98.4 per 100,000 Asian individuals.
- Hispanic race: The incidence of cretinism is 64.1 per 100,000 Hispanic individuals.
- White race: The incidence of cretinism is 55.1 per 100,000 White individuals.
- Black race: The incidence of cretinism is 52.6 per 100,000 Black individuals.
Gender
- Females are more commonly affected by cretinism than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 2:1. [2]
Developed Countries
- Between 1978 and 2005, the incidence of cretinism was estimated to be 48.3 cases per 100,000 individuals in the New York state. Between 1981 and 2002, the incidence of cretinism was estimated to be 25 cases per 100,000 individuals in France.[3]
Developing Countries
- Between 2006 and 2012, the incidence of cretinism was estimated to be 170 cases per 100,000 individuals in Iran.[4]
- The incidence of cretinism was estimated to be 55 cases per 100,000 individuals in Greece.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Harris KB, Pass KA (2007). "Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States". Mol Genet Metab. 91 (3): 268–77. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.03.012. PMID 17512233.
- ↑ Eugène D, Djemli A, Van Vliet G (2005). "Sexual dimorphism of thyroid function in newborns with congenital hypothyroidism". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 90 (5): 2696–700. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2320. PMID 15728201.
- ↑ Gaudino R, Garel C, Czernichow P, Léger J (2005). "Proportion of various types of thyroid disorders among newborns with congenital hypothyroidism and normally located gland: a regional cohort study". Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 62 (4): 444–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2005.02239.x. PMID 15807875.
- ↑ Dorreh F, Chaijan PY, Javaheri J, Zeinalzadeh AH (2014). "Epidemiology of congenital hypothyroidism in Markazi Province, Iran". J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 6 (2): 105–10. doi:10.4274/Jcrpe.1287. PMC 4141571. PMID 24932604.
- ↑ Skordis N, Toumba M, Savva SC, Erakleous E, Topouzi M, Vogazianos M; et al. (2005). "High prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism in the Greek Cypriot population: results of the neonatal screening program 1990-2000". J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 18 (5): 453–61. PMID 15921174.