Wide complex tachycardia causes: Difference between revisions
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===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | ||
{{ | {{col-begin|width=80%}} | ||
*[[Acid-base disturbances]] | {{col-break|width=33%}} | ||
*[[Acid-base disturbances]] | |||
*[[Acidosis]] | *[[Acidosis]] | ||
*[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | *[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | ||
*[[Acute starvation]] | *[[Acute starvation]] | ||
*[[Alimemazine]] | *[[Alimemazine]] | ||
*[[Almokalant]] | *[[Almokalant]] | ||
*[[Amiodarone]] | *[[Amiodarone]] | ||
*[[Amitriptyline]] | *[[Amitriptyline]] | ||
*[[Amphetamines]] | *[[Amphetamines]] | ||
*[[Andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis]] | *[[Andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis]] | ||
*[[Anorexia nervosa]] | *[[Anorexia nervosa]] | ||
*[[Antiarrhythmics]] | *[[Antiarrhythmics]] | ||
*[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]] | *[[Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia]] | ||
*[[Arsenic trioxide]] | *[[Arsenic trioxide]] | ||
*[[Arsenicals]] | *[[Arsenicals]] | ||
*[[Asenapine]] | *[[Asenapine]] | ||
*[[Astemizole]] | *[[Astemizole]] | ||
*[[AV block]] | *[[AV block]] | ||
*[[Azimilide]] | *[[Azimilide]] | ||
*[[Azithromycin]] | *[[Azithromycin]] | ||
*[[Bepridil]] | *[[Bepridil]] | ||
*[[Bretylium]] | *[[Bretylium]] | ||
*[[Budipine]] | *[[Budipine]] | ||
*[[Caffeine]] | *[[Caffeine]] | ||
*[[Cardiomyopathy]] | *[[Cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[Cardioversion]] | *[[Cardioversion]] | ||
*[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]] | *[[Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia]] | ||
*[[Channelopathies]] | *[[Channelopathies]] | ||
*[[Chloroquine]] | *[[Chloroquine]] | ||
*[[Cibenzoline]] | *[[Cibenzoline]] | ||
*[[Cisapride]] | *[[Cisapride]] | ||
*[[Citalopram]] | *[[Citalopram]] | ||
*[[Clomipramine]] | *[[Clomipramine]] | ||
*[[Clozapine]] | *[[Clozapine]] | ||
*[[Cocaine]] | *[[Cocaine]] | ||
*[[Congenital Heart Disease]] | *[[Congenital Heart Disease]] | ||
*[[Congestive heart failure]] | *[[Congestive heart failure]] | ||
*[[Crizotinib]] | *[[Crizotinib]] | ||
*[[Defibrillation]] | *[[Defibrillation]] | ||
*[[Desipramine]] | *[[Desipramine]] | ||
*[[Digitalis]] | *[[Digitalis]] | ||
*[[Diphenhydramine]] | *[[Diphenhydramine]] | ||
*[[Disopyramide]] | *[[Disopyramide]] | ||
*[[Dofetilide]] | *[[Dofetilide]] | ||
*[[Dolasetron]] | *[[Dolasetron]] | ||
*[[Doxepin]] | *[[Doxepin]] | ||
*[[Dronedarone]] | *[[Dronedarone]] | ||
*[[Droperidol]] | *[[Droperidol]] | ||
*[[Electrolyte imbalance]] | *[[Electrolyte imbalance]] | ||
{{col-break|width=33%}} | |||
*[[Electrophysiologic studies]] | *[[Electrophysiologic studies]] | ||
*[[Eribulin mesylate]] | *[[Eribulin mesylate]] | ||
*[[Fluconazole]] | *[[Fluconazole]] | ||
*[[Grepafloxacin]] | *[[Grepafloxacin]] | ||
*[[Halofantrine]] | *[[Halofantrine]] | ||
*[[Haloperidol]] | *[[Haloperidol]] | ||
*[[Heart surgery]] | *[[Heart surgery]] | ||
*[[Hyperkalaemia]] | *[[Hyperkalaemia]] | ||
*[[Hyperthyroidism]] | *[[Hyperthyroidism]] | ||
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]] | *[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[Hypocalcemia]] | *[[Hypocalcemia]] | ||
*[[Hypoglycaemia]] | *[[Hypoglycaemia]] | ||
*[[Hypokalemia]] | *[[Hypokalemia]] | ||
*[[Hypomagnesemia]] | *[[Hypomagnesemia]] | ||
*[[Hypothermia]] | *[[Hypothermia]] | ||
*[[Hypothyroidism]] | *[[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
*[[Hypoxia]] | *[[Hypoxia]] | ||
*[[Ibutilide]] | *[[Ibutilide]] | ||
*[[Imipramine]] | *[[Imipramine]] | ||
*[[Indapamide]] | *[[Indapamide]] | ||
*[[Inotropes]] | *[[Inotropes]] | ||
*[[Ischaemic heart disease]] | *[[Ischaemic heart disease]] | ||
*[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]] | *[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]] | ||
*[[Ketanserin]] | *[[Ketanserin]] | ||
*[[Ketoconazole]] | *[[Ketoconazole]] | ||
*[[Lidoflazine]] | *[[Lidoflazine]] | ||
*[[Long QT Syndrome]] | *[[Long QT Syndrome]] | ||
*[[Lubeluzole]] | *[[Lubeluzole]] | ||
*[[Methadone]] | *[[Methadone]] | ||
*[[Methadyl acetate]] | *[[Methadyl acetate]] | ||
*[[Methamphetamine]] | *[[Methamphetamine]] | ||
*[[Midodrine]] | *[[Midodrine]] | ||
*[[Mizolastine]] | *[[Mizolastine]] | ||
*[[Moxifloxacin]] | *[[Moxifloxacin]] | ||
*[[Myocardial Infarction]] | *[[Myocardial Infarction]] | ||
*[[Myocarditis]] | *[[Myocarditis]] | ||
*[[Myotonic dystrophy]] | *[[Myotonic dystrophy]] | ||
*[[Naratriptan]] | *[[Naratriptan]] | ||
*[[Nicardipine]] | *[[Nicardipine]] | ||
*[[Nilotinib]] | *[[Nilotinib]] | ||
*[[NSTEMI]] | *[[NSTEMI]] | ||
*[[Obstructive sleep apnea]] | *[[Obstructive sleep apnea]] | ||
*[[Ondansetron]] | *[[Ondansetron]] | ||
*[[Pasireotide]] | *[[Pasireotide]] | ||
*[[Pazopanib]] | *[[Pazopanib]] | ||
*[[Pentamidine]] | *[[Pentamidine]] | ||
*[[Phenothiazines]] | *[[Phenothiazines]] | ||
*[[Pheochromocytoma]] | *[[Pheochromocytoma]] | ||
*[[Pimozide]] | *[[Pimozide]] | ||
*[[Piperaquine]] | *[[Piperaquine]] | ||
{{col-break|width=33%}} | |||
*[[Prenylamine]] | *[[Prenylamine]] | ||
*[[Probucol]] | *[[Probucol]] | ||
*[[Procainamide]] | *[[Procainamide]] | ||
*[[Propoxyphene]] | *[[Propoxyphene]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary artery catheter]] | |||
*[[Pulmonary artery catheter ]] | |||
*[[Quinidine]] | *[[Quinidine]] | ||
*[[Quinine]] | *[[Quinine]] | ||
*[[Ranolazine]] | *[[Ranolazine]] | ||
*[[Retigabine]] | *[[Retigabine]] | ||
*[[Right heart catheterisation]] | *[[Right heart catheterisation]] | ||
*[[Right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia]] | *[[Right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia]] | ||
*[[Ritodrine]] | *[[Ritodrine]] | ||
*[[Ritonavir]] | *[[Ritonavir]] | ||
*[[Romano-Ward syndrome]] | *[[Romano-Ward syndrome]] | ||
*[[Saquinavir]] | *[[Saquinavir]] | ||
*[[Sertindole]] | *[[Sertindole]] | ||
*[[Short QT syndrome]] | *[[Short QT syndrome]] | ||
*[[Short QT syndrome type 1]] | *[[Short QT syndrome type 1]] | ||
*[[Short QT syndrome type 2]] | *[[Short QT syndrome type 2]] | ||
*[[Short QT syndrome type 3]] | *[[Short QT syndrome type 3]] | ||
*[[Short QT syndrome type 4]] | *[[Short QT syndrome type 4]] | ||
*[[Short QT syndrome type 5]] | *[[Short QT syndrome type 5]] | ||
*[[Sleep apnea]] | *[[Sleep apnea]] | ||
*[[Sotalol]] | *[[Sotalol]] | ||
*[[Sparfloxacin]] | *[[Sparfloxacin]] | ||
*[[STEMI]] | *[[STEMI]] | ||
*[[Sympathomimetic agents]] | *[[Sympathomimetic agents]] | ||
*[[Tedisamil]] | *[[Tedisamil]] | ||
*[[Telithromycin]] | *[[Telithromycin]] | ||
*[[Terfenadine]] | *[[Terfenadine]] | ||
*[[Terodiline]] | *[[Terodiline]] | ||
*[[Tetrabenazine]] | *[[Tetrabenazine]] | ||
*[[Thioridazine]] | *[[Thioridazine]] | ||
*[[Timothy syndrome]] | *[[Timothy syndrome]] | ||
*[[Torsade de pointes]] | *[[Torsade de pointes]] | ||
*[[Unstable angina]] | *[[Unstable angina]] | ||
*[[Valvular heart disease]] | *[[Valvular heart disease]] | ||
*[[Vandetanib]] | *[[Vandetanib]] | ||
*[[Vemurafenib]] | *[[Vemurafenib]] | ||
*[[Venlafaxine]] | *[[Venlafaxine]] | ||
*[[Ventricular aneurysm]] | *[[Ventricular aneurysm]] | ||
*[[Vernakalant]] | *[[Vernakalant]] | ||
*[[Voriconazole]] | *[[Voriconazole]] | ||
*[[Vorinostat]] | *[[Vorinostat]] | ||
*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]] | *[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]] | ||
*[[Zero gravity]] | *[[Zero gravity]] | ||
*[[Ziprasidone]] | *[[Ziprasidone]] | ||
*[[Zotepine]] | *[[Zotepine]] | ||
*[[Zuclopenthixol]] | *[[Zuclopenthixol]] | ||
{{ | {{col-end}} | ||
==Supraventricular Tachycardia== | ==Supraventricular Tachycardia== | ||
Revision as of 23:21, 4 August 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
A wide complex tachycardia is either of ventricular origin (ventricular tachycardia or VT), or is of supraventricular origin with aberrant conduction (SVT with aberrancy) such as occurs with conduction down a bypass tract. Approximately 80% of wide complex tachycardias are due to ventricular tachycardia.[1] Therefore a thorough review of the potential causes of ventricular tachycardia is critical in the patient with a wide complex tachycardia.
Ventricular Tachycardia
Common causes of ventricular tachycardia include ischemic heart disease, illicit drugs (cocaine and methamphetamine), structural heart disease (including congenital heart diseases such as tetralogy of Fallot), inherited channelopathies, drug toxicity (digoxin, drugs that prolong the QT interval) and electrolyte disturbances (such as hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalcemia).
Causes
Common Causes
Across All Ages
Among Patients Under 35 Years of Age
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Long QT syndrome
- Myocarditis
- Short QT syndrome
- Short QT syndrome type 1
- Short QT syndrome type 2
- Short QT syndrome type 3
- Short QT syndrome type 4
- Short QT syndrome type 5
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Supraventricular Tachycardia
- Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with aberrant ventricular conduction, which is either new or due to a preexisting left or right bundle branch block or a preexisting nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay (IVCD). The underlying supraventricular rhythm that is aberrantly conducted can be any one of the following rhythms:
- Atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction and occasional 1:1 conduction
- Automatic junctional tachycardia
- AV nodal reentrant tachycardia
- AV reentrant tachycardia using a bypass tract
- Intraatrial reentrant tachycardia
- Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
- SA nodal reentrant tachycardia
- Sinus tachycardia
Pre-Excitation Syndrome
The diagnosis of rapid antegrade conduction down a bypass tract due to ventricular pre-excitation such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) should be considered if
- There is intermittent present of a Delta wave
- There is intermittently a short PR interval
Paced Rhythms
A paced rhythm as a cause of wide complex tachycardia is infrequent. This diagnosis is suggested if
- A pacemaker is in place and there is a LBBB pattern with superior left axis deviation, however, depending on the site of pacing this pattern can vary significantly
- A wide complex tachycardia can be due to an SVT if the pacemaker is tracking sensed atrial activity and is pacing the ventricles rapidly as result
- Pacemaker-mediated tachycardia may be present if there is retrograde conduction which triggers atrial activity during ventricular pacing.
References
- ↑ Lam P, Saba S (2002). "Approach to the evaluation and management of wide complex tachycardias". Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal. 2 (4): 120–6. PMC 1557420. PMID 16951728. Retrieved 2013-08-04.