Thrombophlebitis: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Dima Nimri (talk | contribs) |
Dima Nimri (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
# Superficial thrombophlebitis of the [[abdominal wall]] | # Superficial thrombophlebitis of the [[abdominal wall]] | ||
==[[ | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
===Pathogenesis=== | |||
===Microscopic Pathology=== | |||
===Genetics=== | |||
===Associated Conditions=== | |||
Thrombophlebitis may be associated with the following conditions: | |||
*[[Coagulation disorders|Coagulation abnormalities]]:<ref name="pmid26099257">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nasr H, Scriven JM |title=Superficial thrombophlebitis (superficial venous thrombosis) |journal=BMJ |volume=350 |issue= |pages=h2039 |year=2015 |pmid=26099257 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10544900">{{cite journal |vauthors=Martinelli I, Cattaneo M, Taioli E, De Stefano V, Chiusolo P, Mannucci PM |title=Genetic risk factors for superficial vein thrombosis |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=82 |issue=4 |pages=1215–7 |year=1999 |pmid=10544900 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
**[[Factor V Leiden mutation]] | |||
**[[Prothrombin 20210a mutation|Prothrombin 20210 mutation]] | |||
**[[Protein C deficiency]] | |||
**[[Protein S deficiency]] | |||
**[[Antithrombin III deficiency]] | |||
*[[Thromboangiitis obliterans]] ([[Buerger's disease|Buerger's Disease]])<ref name="pmid10995867">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olin JW |title=Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=343 |issue=12 |pages=864–9 |year=2000 |pmid=10995867 |doi=10.1056/NEJM200009213431207 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Underlying [[malignancy]], especially [[pancreatic adenocarcinoma|adenocarcinoma of the pancreas]] in the case of migratory thrombophlebitis<ref name="pmid20302205">{{cite journal |vauthors=Diaconu C, Mateescu D, Bălăceanu A, Marcu M, Jianu V, Stănică A |title=Pancreatic cancer presenting with paraneoplastic thrombophlebitis--case report |journal=J Med Life |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=96–9 |year=2010 |pmid=20302205 |pmc=3019029 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17496204">{{cite journal |vauthors=Varki A |title=Trousseau's syndrome: multiple definitions and multiple mechanisms |journal=Blood |volume=110 |issue=6 |pages=1723–9 |year=2007 |pmid=17496204 |pmc=1976377 |doi=10.1182/blood-2006-10-053736 |url=}}</ref> | |||
==[[Thrombophlebitis causes|Causes]]== | ==[[Thrombophlebitis causes|Causes]]== | ||
Revision as of 21:26, 16 February 2017
Template:Thrombophlebitis For patient information, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: White Leg; phlebitis
Overview
Historical Perspective
- In 1913, Burnham AC discussed thrombophlebitis in postoperative patients.[1]
- Historically, the treatment of thrombophlebitis was purely surgical and consisted of removal of the thrombosed vein.[2]
Classification
Thrombophlebitis can be classified according to the cause into:[3]
| Type of Thrombophlebitis | Description |
|---|---|
| Sterile | Most common type of thrombophlebitis |
| Traumatic | Associated with the following conditions:
|
| Infective | Mostly due to prolonged IV cannulation |
| Migratory | Recurrent thrombophlebitis at various sites. Associated with an underlying malignancy, most commonly adenocarcinoma of the pancreas |
Thrombophlebitis may also be classified according to the site into:[4]
- Superficial thrombophlebitis of the lower limb: most common location and it involves the great and short saphenous veins
- Superficial thrombophlebitis of the arms
- Superficial thrombophlebitis of the breast: also known as Mondor's disease
- Superficial thrombophlebitis of the abdominal wall
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
Microscopic Pathology
Genetics
Associated Conditions
Thrombophlebitis may be associated with the following conditions:
- Coagulation abnormalities:[3][5]
- Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's Disease)[6]
- Underlying malignancy, especially adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in the case of migratory thrombophlebitis[7][8]
Causes
Differentiating Thrombophlebitis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Screening
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
- ↑ Burnham AC (1913). "II. Postoperative Thrombophlebitis". Ann. Surg. 57 (2): 151–62. PMC 1407408. PMID 17862964.
- ↑ Homans J (1928). "THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES". Ann. Surg. 87 (5): 641–51. PMC 1398549. PMID 17865873.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Nasr H, Scriven JM (2015). "Superficial thrombophlebitis (superficial venous thrombosis)". BMJ. 350: h2039. PMID 26099257.
- ↑ Scott G, Mahdi AJ, Alikhan R (2015). "Superficial vein thrombosis: a current approach to management". Br. J. Haematol. 168 (5): 639–45. doi:10.1111/bjh.13255. PMID 25521017.
- ↑ Martinelli I, Cattaneo M, Taioli E, De Stefano V, Chiusolo P, Mannucci PM (1999). "Genetic risk factors for superficial vein thrombosis". Thromb. Haemost. 82 (4): 1215–7. PMID 10544900.
- ↑ Olin JW (2000). "Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease)". N. Engl. J. Med. 343 (12): 864–9. doi:10.1056/NEJM200009213431207. PMID 10995867.
- ↑ Diaconu C, Mateescu D, Bălăceanu A, Marcu M, Jianu V, Stănică A (2010). "Pancreatic cancer presenting with paraneoplastic thrombophlebitis--case report". J Med Life. 3 (1): 96–9. PMC 3019029. PMID 20302205.
- ↑ Varki A (2007). "Trousseau's syndrome: multiple definitions and multiple mechanisms". Blood. 110 (6): 1723–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2006-10-053736. PMC 1976377. PMID 17496204.