Pulmonic regurgitation epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
*The [[prevalence]] of mild [[ | ===Prevalence=== | ||
*In | *The prevalence of [[valvular heart disease]] in U.S. population is estimated to be 2.5%. About 13% of U.S population born before 1943 have [[valvular heart disease]].<ref name="urlValvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/valvular_disease.htm |title=Valvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
* | *The [[prevalence]] of mild [[PR]] is present in 40% to 78% of [[patients]] with normal [[pulmonary valve]] anatomy.<ref name="ZoghbiAdams2017">{{cite journal|last1=Zoghbi|first1=William A.|last2=Adams|first2=David|last3=Bonow|first3=Robert O.|last4=Enriquez-Sarano|first4=Maurice|last5=Foster|first5=Elyse|last6=Grayburn|first6=Paul A.|last7=Hahn|first7=Rebecca T.|last8=Han|first8=Yuchi|last9=Hung|first9=Judy|last10=Lang|first10=Roberto M.|last11=Little|first11=Stephen H.|last12=Shah|first12=Dipan J.|last13=Shernan|first13=Stanton|last14=Thavendiranathan|first14=Paaladinesh|last15=Thomas|first15=James D.|last16=Weissman|first16=Neil J.|title=Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation|journal=Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography|volume=30|issue=4|year=2017|pages=303–371|issn=08947317|doi=10.1016/j.echo.2017.01.007}}</ref><ref name="pmid3382565">{{cite journal| author=Takao S, Miyatake K, Izumi S, Okamoto M, Kinoshita N, Nakagawa H et al.| title=Clinical implications of pulmonary regurgitation in healthy individuals: detection by cross sectional pulsed Doppler echocardiography. | journal=Br Heart J | year= 1988 | volume= 59 | issue= 5 | pages= 542-50 | pmid=3382565 | doi= | pmc=1276894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3382565 }} </ref><ref name="pmid2310593">{{cite journal| author=Klein AL, Burstow DJ, Tajik AJ, Zachariah PK, Taliercio CP, Taylor CL et al.| title=Age-related prevalence of valvular regurgitation in normal subjects: a comprehensive color flow examination of 118 volunteers. | journal=J Am Soc Echocardiogr | year= 1990 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 54-63 | pmid=2310593 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2310593 }} </ref> | ||
*There is no racial or ethnic predilection for [[pulmonary regurgitation]]. | *In 1987, the prevalence of [[PR]] in [[patients]] with structurally normal hearts was estimated to be 5% in Boston area population, USA.<ref name="pmid2784023">{{cite journal| author=Choong CY, Abascal VM, Weyman J, Levine RA, Gentile F, Thomas JD et al.| title=Prevalence of valvular regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography in patients with structurally normal hearts by two-dimensional echocardiography. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1989 | volume= 117 | issue= 3 | pages= 636-42 | pmid=2784023 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2784023 }} </ref> | ||
*In 1990, the prevalence of [[PR]] in normal [[patients]] (21 - 82 years) was estimated to be 31%.<ref name="pmid2310593">{{cite journal| author=Klein AL, Burstow DJ, Tajik AJ, Zachariah PK, Taliercio CP, Taylor CL et al.| title=Age-related prevalence of valvular regurgitation in normal subjects: a comprehensive color flow examination of 118 volunteers. | journal=J Am Soc Echocardiogr | year= 1990 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 54-63 | pmid=2310593 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2310593 }} </ref> | |||
*In 1992, the prevalence of [[PR]] in children (birth- 14 years) with structurally normal hearts was estimated to be 21.9% in Jerusalem, Israel population. [[Pulmonic regurgitation]] was the most common of all valvular regurgitations detected among children.<ref name="BrandDollberg1992">{{cite journal|last1=Brand|first1=Abraham|last2=Dollberg|first2=Shaul|last3=Keren|first3=Andre|title=The prevalence of valvular regurgitation in children with structurally normal hearts: A color Doppler echocardiographic study|journal=American Heart Journal|volume=123|issue=1|year=1992|pages=177–180|issn=00028703|doi=10.1016/0002-8703(92)90763-L}}</ref> | |||
===Incidence=== | |||
*In [[patients]] born with [[congenital heart disease]], 20% of patients have associated abnormalities of the [[pulmonary valve]] or the [[Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction|right ventricular outlet obstruction]].<ref name="pmid2784023">{{cite journal| author=Choong CY, Abascal VM, Weyman J, Levine RA, Gentile F, Thomas JD et al.| title=Prevalence of valvular regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography in patients with structurally normal hearts by two-dimensional echocardiography. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1989 | volume= 117 | issue= 3 | pages= 636-42 | pmid=2784023 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2784023 }} </ref> | |||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | |||
*According to [[CDC]], in 2017 24% of deaths due to [[valvular heart disease]] were attributed to [[tricuspid valve]] and [[pulmonic valve]] abnormalities combined.<ref name="urlValvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/valvular_disease.htm |title=Valvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
===Age=== | |||
*In the U.S population, the prevalence of [[valvular heart disease]] is higher in older adults.<ref name="urlValvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/valvular_disease.htm |title=Valvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
*[[Patients]] of all [[age]] groups may [[Development|develop]] [[pulmonic regurgitation]] (PR). | |||
*In 1992, the prevalence of [[PR]] in children (birth- 14 years) with structurally normal hearts was estimated to increase significantly with age.<ref name="BrandDollberg1992">{{cite journal|last1=Brand|first1=Abraham|last2=Dollberg|first2=Shaul|last3=Keren|first3=Andre|title=The prevalence of valvular regurgitation in children with structurally normal hearts: A color Doppler echocardiographic study|journal=American Heart Journal|volume=123|issue=1|year=1992|pages=177–180|issn=00028703|doi=10.1016/0002-8703(92)90763-L}}</ref> | |||
*In 1990, the incidence of mild degree valvular regurgitation in normal subjects was estimated to increase with [[age]].<ref name="pmid2310593">{{cite journal| author=Klein AL, Burstow DJ, Tajik AJ, Zachariah PK, Taliercio CP, Taylor CL et al.| title=Age-related prevalence of valvular regurgitation in normal subjects: a comprehensive color flow examination of 118 volunteers. | journal=J Am Soc Echocardiogr | year= 1990 | volume= 3 | issue= 1 | pages= 54-63 | pmid=2310593 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2310593 }} </ref> | |||
===Race=== | |||
*There is no [[racial]] or ethnic predilection for [[pulmonary regurgitation]]. | |||
===Gender=== | |||
*The prevalence and incidence of [[PR]] does not vary by gender. | |||
===Developed Countries=== | |||
===Developing Countries=== | |||
* In developing countries | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 17:47, 1 August 2020
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Pulmonic regurgitation Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S[2], Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[3]
Overview
The prevalence of mild pulmonary regurgutation is present in 40% to 78% of patients with normal pulmonary valve anatomy.[1][2] There is increased prevalence of pulmonary regurgitation with increasing age.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
- The prevalence of valvular heart disease in U.S. population is estimated to be 2.5%. About 13% of U.S population born before 1943 have valvular heart disease.[3]
- The prevalence of mild PR is present in 40% to 78% of patients with normal pulmonary valve anatomy.[4][2][5]
- In 1987, the prevalence of PR in patients with structurally normal hearts was estimated to be 5% in Boston area population, USA.[1]
- In 1990, the prevalence of PR in normal patients (21 - 82 years) was estimated to be 31%.[5]
- In 1992, the prevalence of PR in children (birth- 14 years) with structurally normal hearts was estimated to be 21.9% in Jerusalem, Israel population. Pulmonic regurgitation was the most common of all valvular regurgitations detected among children.[6]
Incidence
- In patients born with congenital heart disease, 20% of patients have associated abnormalities of the pulmonary valve or the right ventricular outlet obstruction.[1]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- According to CDC, in 2017 24% of deaths due to valvular heart disease were attributed to tricuspid valve and pulmonic valve abnormalities combined.[3]
Age
- In the U.S population, the prevalence of valvular heart disease is higher in older adults.[3]
- Patients of all age groups may develop pulmonic regurgitation (PR).
- In 1992, the prevalence of PR in children (birth- 14 years) with structurally normal hearts was estimated to increase significantly with age.[6]
- In 1990, the incidence of mild degree valvular regurgitation in normal subjects was estimated to increase with age.[5]
Race
- There is no racial or ethnic predilection for pulmonary regurgitation.
Gender
- The prevalence and incidence of PR does not vary by gender.
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
- In developing countries
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Choong CY, Abascal VM, Weyman J, Levine RA, Gentile F, Thomas JD; et al. (1989). "Prevalence of valvular regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography in patients with structurally normal hearts by two-dimensional echocardiography". Am Heart J. 117 (3): 636–42. PMID 2784023.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Takao S, Miyatake K, Izumi S, Okamoto M, Kinoshita N, Nakagawa H; et al. (1988). "Clinical implications of pulmonary regurgitation in healthy individuals: detection by cross sectional pulsed Doppler echocardiography". Br Heart J. 59 (5): 542–50. PMC 1276894. PMID 3382565.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Valvular Heart Disease | cdc.gov".
- ↑ Zoghbi, William A.; Adams, David; Bonow, Robert O.; Enriquez-Sarano, Maurice; Foster, Elyse; Grayburn, Paul A.; Hahn, Rebecca T.; Han, Yuchi; Hung, Judy; Lang, Roberto M.; Little, Stephen H.; Shah, Dipan J.; Shernan, Stanton; Thavendiranathan, Paaladinesh; Thomas, James D.; Weissman, Neil J. (2017). "Recommendations for Noninvasive Evaluation of Native Valvular Regurgitation". Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 30 (4): 303–371. doi:10.1016/j.echo.2017.01.007. ISSN 0894-7317.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Klein AL, Burstow DJ, Tajik AJ, Zachariah PK, Taliercio CP, Taylor CL; et al. (1990). "Age-related prevalence of valvular regurgitation in normal subjects: a comprehensive color flow examination of 118 volunteers". J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 3 (1): 54–63. PMID 2310593.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Brand, Abraham; Dollberg, Shaul; Keren, Andre (1992). "The prevalence of valvular regurgitation in children with structurally normal hearts: A color Doppler echocardiographic study". American Heart Journal. 123 (1): 177–180. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(92)90763-L. ISSN 0002-8703.