Prostatitis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop prostatic abscess, [[septicemia]], urosepsis, and urinary retention.<ref name="pmid22031609">{{cite journal| author=Nickel JC| title=Prostatitis. | journal=Can Urol Assoc J | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 5 | pages= 306-15 | pmid=22031609 | doi=10.5489/cuaj.11211 | pmc=PMC3202001 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22031609  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref> Patients with untreated chronic prostatitis may develop chronic pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction, [[infertility]], urinary frequency and urgency, and recurrent [[urinary tract infection]]s.<ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17050893">{{cite journal| author=Schaeffer AJ| title=Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 355 | issue= 16 | pages= 1690-8 | pmid=17050893 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp060423 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17050893  }} </ref> Full recovery without sequelae is usual among patients with acute prostatitis.<ref name=abc>Acute Prostatitis. Wikipedia 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_prostatitis#Prognosis. Accessed on March 1, 2016</ref> Patients with chronic prostatitis have a gradual recovery and relapse is common.<ref name=nnn>Prostatitis. NHS 2016.http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Prostatitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed on March 1, 2016</ref>
If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop prostatic abscess, [[septicemia]], urosepsis, and urinary retention.<ref name="pmid22031609">{{cite journal| author=Nickel JC| title=Prostatitis. | journal=Can Urol Assoc J | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 5 | pages= 306-15 | pmid=22031609 | doi=10.5489/cuaj.11211 | pmc=PMC3202001 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22031609  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref> Patients with untreated chronic prostatitis may develop [[chronic pelvic pain]], [[sexual dysfunction]], [[infertility]], [[urinary frequency]] and [[Urinary urgency|urgency]], and recurrent [[urinary tract infection]]s.<ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17050893">{{cite journal| author=Schaeffer AJ| title=Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 355 | issue= 16 | pages= 1690-8 | pmid=17050893 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp060423 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17050893  }} </ref>Complete recovery without sequelae is usual among patients with acute prostatitis. Patients with chronic prostatitis have a gradual recovery and relapse is common.<ref name=nnn>Prostatitis. NHS 2016.http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Prostatitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed on March 1, 2016</ref>


==Natural history==
==Natural history==
If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop:<ref name="pmid22031609">{{cite journal| author=Nickel JC| title=Prostatitis. | journal=Can Urol Assoc J | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 5 | pages= 306-15 | pmid=22031609 | doi=10.5489/cuaj.11211 | pmc=PMC3202001 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22031609  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref>
If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop:<ref name="pmid22031609">{{cite journal| author=Nickel JC| title=Prostatitis. | journal=Can Urol Assoc J | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 5 | pages= 306-15 | pmid=22031609 | doi=10.5489/cuaj.11211 | pmc=PMC3202001 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22031609  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636 }} </ref><ref name="pmid20704171">{{cite journal| author=Sharp VJ, Takacs EB, Powell CR| title=Prostatitis: diagnosis and treatment. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2010 | volume= 82 | issue= 4 | pages= 397-406 | pmid=20704171 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20704171 }} </ref>
*Prostatic abscess
*Prostatic abscess
*[[Septicemia]]
*[[Septicemia]]
*Urosepsis
*Urosepsis
*Urinary retention
*[[Urinary retention]]
*Chronic prostatitis


If left untreated, patients with chronic prostatitis may progress to develop:<ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17050893">{{cite journal| author=Schaeffer AJ| title=Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 355 | issue= 16 | pages= 1690-8 | pmid=17050893 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp060423 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17050893  }} </ref>
If left untreated, patients with chronic prostatitis may progress to develop:<ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17050893">{{cite journal| author=Schaeffer AJ| title=Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 355 | issue= 16 | pages= 1690-8 | pmid=17050893 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp060423 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17050893  }} </ref>
*Chronic pelvic pain
*[[Chronic pelvic pain]]
*Sexual dysfunction
*[[Sexual dysfunction]]
*[[Infertility]]
*[[Infertility]]
*Difficulty in urinating: frequency, urgency, [[dysuria]]
*Difficulty in urinating: [[frequency]], [[Urinary urgency|urgency]], [[dysuria]]
*Recurrent [[urinary tract infection]]s
*Recurrent [[urinary tract infection]]s


==Complications==
==Complications==
Common complications of prostatitis include<ref name="pmid22031609">{{cite journal| author=Nickel JC| title=Prostatitis. | journal=Can Urol Assoc J | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 5 | pages= 306-15 | pmid=22031609 | doi=10.5489/cuaj.11211 | pmc=PMC3202001 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22031609  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17050893">{{cite journal| author=Schaeffer AJ| title=Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 355 | issue= 16 | pages= 1690-8 | pmid=17050893 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp060423 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17050893  }} </ref>
Common complications of prostatitis include<ref name="pmid22031609">{{cite journal| author=Nickel JC| title=Prostatitis. | journal=Can Urol Assoc J | year= 2011 | volume= 5 | issue= 5 | pages= 306-15 | pmid=22031609 | doi=10.5489/cuaj.11211 | pmc=PMC3202001 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22031609  }} </ref><ref name="pmid10933636">{{cite journal| author=Naber KG, Weidner W| title=Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease? | journal=J Antimicrob Chemother | year= 2000 | volume= 46 | issue= 2 | pages= 157-61 | pmid=10933636 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10933636  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17050893">{{cite journal| author=Schaeffer AJ| title=Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2006 | volume= 355 | issue= 16 | pages= 1690-8 | pmid=17050893 | doi=10.1056/NEJMcp060423 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17050893  }} </ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[John N. Krieger]], [[Donald E. Riley]], [[Phaik Yeong Cheah]], [[Men Long Liong]] & [[Kah Hay Yuen]]
| title = Epidemiology of prostatitis: new evidence for a world-wide problem
| journal = [[World journal of urology]]
| volume = 21
| issue = 2
| pages = 70–74
| year = 2003
| month = June
| doi = 10.1007/s00345-003-0329-0
| pmid = 12712363
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Dong Sup Lee]], [[Hyun-Sop Choe]], [[Hee Youn Kim]], [[Sun Wook Kim]], [[Sang Rak Bae]], [[Byung Il Yoon]] & [[Seung-Ju Lee]]
| title = Acute bacterial prostatitis and abscess formation
| journal = [[BMC urology]]
| volume = 16
| issue = 1
| pages = 38
| year = 2016
| month = July
| doi = 10.1186/s12894-016-0153-7
| pmid = 27388006
}}</ref>
*[[Urinary retention]]
*[[Urinary retention]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Sepsis]]
*Prostatic abscess
*Prostatic [[abscess]]
*Pelvic pain
*[[BPH]]
*Metastatic infections such as pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis
*[[Prostatic cancer]]
*Sexual dysfunction, [[infertility]]
*[[Pelvic pain]]
*[[Metastatic]] infections such as pyogenic [[vertebral osteomyelitis]]
*[[Erectile dysfunction]]
*[[Infertility]]


==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
Full recovery without sequelae is usual among patients with acute prostatitis.<ref name=abc>Acute Prostatitis. Wikipedia 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_prostatitis#Prognosis. Accessed on March 1, 2016</ref> Patients with chronic prostatitis have a gradual recovery and over time, the relapse rate is high, exceeding 50%.<ref name=nnn>Prostatitis. NHS 2016.http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Prostatitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed on March 1, 2016</ref>
Patients with acute prostatitis usually recover completely, without a [[sequelae]]. Patients with chronic prostatitis gradually recover over time and with time, the rate of [[relapse]] is high, reaching up to 50%.<ref name=nnn>Prostatitis. NHS 2016.http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Prostatitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed on March 1, 2016</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{Reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
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Latest revision as of 23:51, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2], Usama Talib, BSc, MD [3]

Overview

If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop prostatic abscess, septicemia, urosepsis, and urinary retention.[1][2] Patients with untreated chronic prostatitis may develop chronic pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction, infertility, urinary frequency and urgency, and recurrent urinary tract infections.[2][3]Complete recovery without sequelae is usual among patients with acute prostatitis. Patients with chronic prostatitis have a gradual recovery and relapse is common.[4]

Natural history

If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop:[1][2][5]

If left untreated, patients with chronic prostatitis may progress to develop:[2][3]

Complications

Common complications of prostatitis include[1][2][3][6][7]

Prognosis

Patients with acute prostatitis usually recover completely, without a sequelae. Patients with chronic prostatitis gradually recover over time and with time, the rate of relapse is high, reaching up to 50%.[4]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nickel JC (2011). "Prostatitis". Can Urol Assoc J. 5 (5): 306–15. doi:10.5489/cuaj.11211. PMC 3202001. PMID 22031609.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Naber KG, Weidner W (2000). "Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease?". J Antimicrob Chemother. 46 (2): 157–61. PMID 10933636.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Schaeffer AJ (2006). "Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome". N Engl J Med. 355 (16): 1690–8. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp060423. PMID 17050893.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Prostatitis. NHS 2016.http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Prostatitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed on March 1, 2016
  5. ↑ Sharp VJ, Takacs EB, Powell CR (2010). "Prostatitis: diagnosis and treatment". Am Fam Physician. 82 (4): 397–406. PMID 20704171.
  6. ↑ John N. Krieger, Donald E. Riley, Phaik Yeong Cheah, Men Long Liong & Kah Hay Yuen (2003). "Epidemiology of prostatitis: new evidence for a world-wide problem". World journal of urology. 21 (2): 70–74. doi:10.1007/s00345-003-0329-0. PMID 12712363. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  7. ↑ Dong Sup Lee, Hyun-Sop Choe, Hee Youn Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Sang Rak Bae, Byung Il Yoon & Seung-Ju Lee (2016). "Acute bacterial prostatitis and abscess formation". BMC urology. 16 (1): 38. doi:10.1186/s12894-016-0153-7. PMID 27388006. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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