Prostatitis natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2], Usama Talib, BSc, MD [3]
Overview
If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop prostatic abscess, septicemia, urosepsis, and urinary retention.[1][2] Patients with untreated chronic prostatitis may develop chronic pelvic pain, sexual dysfunction, infertility, urinary frequency and urgency, and recurrent urinary tract infections.[2][3]Complete recovery without sequelae is usual among patients with acute prostatitis. Patients with chronic prostatitis have a gradual recovery and relapse is common.[4]
Natural history
If left untreated, patients with acute bacterial prostatitis may progress to develop:[1][2][5]
- Prostatic abscess
- Septicemia
- Urosepsis
- Urinary retention
- Chronic prostatitis
If left untreated, patients with chronic prostatitis may progress to develop:[2][3]
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Sexual dysfunction
- Infertility
- Difficulty in urinating: frequency, urgency, dysuria
- Recurrent urinary tract infections
Complications
Common complications of prostatitis include[1][2][3][6][7]
- Urinary retention
- Sepsis
- Prostatic abscess
- BPH
- Prostatic cancer
- Pelvic pain
- Metastatic infections such as pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis
- Erectile dysfunction
- Infertility
Prognosis
Patients with acute prostatitis usually recover completely, without a sequelae. Patients with chronic prostatitis gradually recover over time and with time, the rate of relapse is high, reaching up to 50%.[4]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nickel JC (2011). "Prostatitis". Can Urol Assoc J. 5 (5): 306–15. doi:10.5489/cuaj.11211. PMC 3202001. PMID 22031609.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Naber KG, Weidner W (2000). "Chronic prostatitis-an infectious disease?". J Antimicrob Chemother. 46 (2): 157–61. PMID 10933636.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Schaeffer AJ (2006). "Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome". N Engl J Med. 355 (16): 1690–8. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp060423. PMID 17050893.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Prostatitis. NHS 2016.http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Prostatitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx. Accessed on March 1, 2016
- ↑ Sharp VJ, Takacs EB, Powell CR (2010). "Prostatitis: diagnosis and treatment". Am Fam Physician. 82 (4): 397–406. PMID 20704171.
- ↑ John N. Krieger, Donald E. Riley, Phaik Yeong Cheah, Men Long Liong & Kah Hay Yuen (2003). "Epidemiology of prostatitis: new evidence for a world-wide problem". World journal of urology. 21 (2): 70–74. doi:10.1007/s00345-003-0329-0. PMID 12712363. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Dong Sup Lee, Hyun-Sop Choe, Hee Youn Kim, Sun Wook Kim, Sang Rak Bae, Byung Il Yoon & Seung-Ju Lee (2016). "Acute bacterial prostatitis and abscess formation". BMC urology. 16 (1): 38. doi:10.1186/s12894-016-0153-7. PMID 27388006. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)