Lyme disease risk factors: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
m (Bot: Removing from Primary care)
 
(19 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Lyme disease}}
{{Lyme disease}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{IMD}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}}{{Anmol}}, {{IMD}}
 
==Overview==
==Overview==
As a tick-borne disease, an individual is at a heightened risk of contracting Lyme disease when traveling or residing within endemic regions. Risk within endemic regions will heighten during the spring and summer months, with peaks in June and July. Other factors that may increase the risk of contracting Lyme disease include owning a domesticated animal such as a dog or cat; As both of these pets may be potential hosts for a blacklegged tick. In summary, individuals who spend much of their time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors, in endemic regions, are at a higher risk of contracting tick-borne diseases. <ref name="TGI CDC”">General Information (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/ticks/index.html  Accessed on December 30, 2015</ref>
Because [[Lyme disease]] is a [[tick-borne disease]], an individual is at a heightened risk of contracting it when traveling or residing within [[endemic]] regions. Risk within [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemic]] regions is higher during the spring and summer months, with peaks in June and July. Other factors that may increase the risk of contracting [[Lyme disease]] include owning a domesticated animal such as a dog or cat, as both of these pets may be potential hosts for a [[blacklegged tick]]. In summary, individuals who spend much of their time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors and who live in [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemic]] regions, are at a higher risk of contracting [[Tick-borne disease|tick-borne diseases]].


==Risk factors==
==Risk factors==
*All together, individuals who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors in endemic regions are at risk for tick-borne disease. <ref name="TGI CDC”">General Information (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/ticks/index.html  Accessed on December 30, 2015</ref>
Individuals who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors in [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemic]] regions are at risk for [[tick-borne disease]]. <ref name="TGI CDC”">General Information (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/ticks/index.html  Accessed on December 30, 2015</ref>


===Exposure to ticks===
===Exposure to ticks===
*Individuals with frequent exposure to dogs and who reside near wooded areas or areas with high grass may also be at increased risk of [[infection]].
*Individuals with frequent exposure to dogs and who reside near wooded areas or areas with high grass may also be at increased risk of [[tick-borne infection]].
* Failing to remove a tick as soon as you see it on your skin (the longer a tick is attached to your skin the greater your risk of developing Lyme disease.<ref name="urlLyme disease: All - MayoClinic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/lyme-disease/DS00116/METHOD=print&DSECTION=all |title=Lyme disease: All - MayoClinic.com |format= |work= |accessdate=2013-03-14}}</ref>
*Individuals with outdoor occupations and who work outside with bare or exposed [[skin]] are at a high risk of contracting Lyme disease.
*Failing to remove a [[tick]] as soon as you see it on your [[skin]] (the longer a [[tick]] is attached to your skin, the greater your risk of developing [[Lyme disease]]) also increases risk of developing Lyme disease.<ref name="urlLyme disease: All - MayoClinic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.mayoclinic.com/print/lyme-disease/DS00116/METHOD=print&DSECTION=all |title=Lyme disease: All - MayoClinic.com |format= |work= |accessdate=2013-03-14}}</ref>


===Endemic Regions===
===Endemic Regions===
*Any individual travelling or living within the Northeastern United States, as well as the upper Midwest is at a heightened risk of exposure to Lyme disease.
*About 95% of all reported cases are confined to 14 states including Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin.<ref name="urlLyme disease data tables | Lyme Disease | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/tables.html |title=Lyme disease data tables &#124; Lyme Disease &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlData and Statistics | Lyme Disease | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/index.html |title=Data and Statistics &#124; Lyme Disease &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*96% of confirmed cases have been reported in Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin. <ref name="CDC Lymegraph">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Lyme Disease Graphs. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/graphs.html Accessed February 9, 2016. </ref>
*Any individual traveling or living within these five geographic areas including New England, Mid-Atlantic, East-North Central, South Atlantic, and West North-Central is at a heightened risk of exposure to [[Lyme disease]].


===Seasonal Variation===
===Seasonal Variation===
*The majority of Lyme disease cases are reported during the summer months of June (nearly 50,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2010) and July (just above 50,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2010).
*The majority of [[Lyme disease]] cases are reported during the summer months of May to August.
*Case incidence heightens in May (estimated 15,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2010) and tapers off in August (just above 20,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2010). <ref name="CDC Lymegraph">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Lyme Disease Graphs. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/graphs.html Accessed February 9, 2016. </ref>
*Case incidence increases in May (estimated 20,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2015), peaks in June and July (estimated 70,000-80,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2015), and tapers off in August (just above 30,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2015).
 
[[image:Seasonal variation of lyme disease.jpg|center|500px|thumb|Confirmed Lyme disease cases by month of disease onset–United States, 2001-2015 [https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/stats/graphs.html Source: CDC.gov]]]


===Rarer forms of Transmission===
===Rarer forms of Transmission===
*Although rare, cases of blood transfusion and organ transplantation have been recorded as methods of transmission. <ref name= "translyme"> Lyme disease transmission. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/transmission/index.html Accessed February 9, 2016. </ref>
* Cases of [[blood transfusion]] and [[organ transplantation]] have been recorded as methods of [[Transmission (medicine)|transmission]] but this is a rare mode of transmission. <ref name="translyme">Lyme disease transmission. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/transmission/index.html Accessed February 9, 2016. </ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}


[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
[[Category:Bacterial diseases]]
Line 32: Line 39:
[[Category:Spirochaetes]]
[[Category:Spirochaetes]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]]
 
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Neurology]]
[[Category:Cardiology]]
[[Category:Rheumatology]]

Latest revision as of 22:35, 29 July 2020

Lyme disease Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology and Demographics

Causes

Differentiating Lyme disease from other Diseases

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

ECG

X-ray

CT scan

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Sudies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Lyme disease risk factors On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Lyme disease risk factors

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Lyme disease risk factors

CDC on Lyme disease risk factors

Lyme disease risk factors in the news

Blogs on Lyme disease risk factors

Directions to Hospitals Treating Lyme disease

Risk calculators and risk factors for Lyme disease risk factors

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2], Ilan Dock, B.S.

Overview

Because Lyme disease is a tick-borne disease, an individual is at a heightened risk of contracting it when traveling or residing within endemic regions. Risk within endemic regions is higher during the spring and summer months, with peaks in June and July. Other factors that may increase the risk of contracting Lyme disease include owning a domesticated animal such as a dog or cat, as both of these pets may be potential hosts for a blacklegged tick. In summary, individuals who spend much of their time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors and who live in endemic regions, are at a higher risk of contracting tick-borne diseases.

Risk factors

Individuals who spend time outdoors and/or have pets that go outdoors in endemic regions are at risk for tick-borne disease. [1]

Exposure to ticks

  • Individuals with frequent exposure to dogs and who reside near wooded areas or areas with high grass may also be at increased risk of tick-borne infection.
  • Individuals with outdoor occupations and who work outside with bare or exposed skin are at a high risk of contracting Lyme disease.
  • Failing to remove a tick as soon as you see it on your skin (the longer a tick is attached to your skin, the greater your risk of developing Lyme disease) also increases risk of developing Lyme disease.[2]

Endemic Regions

  • About 95% of all reported cases are confined to 14 states including Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin.[3][4]
  • Any individual traveling or living within these five geographic areas including New England, Mid-Atlantic, East-North Central, South Atlantic, and West North-Central is at a heightened risk of exposure to Lyme disease.

Seasonal Variation

  • The majority of Lyme disease cases are reported during the summer months of May to August.
  • Case incidence increases in May (estimated 20,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2015), peaks in June and July (estimated 70,000-80,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2015), and tapers off in August (just above 30,000 cases reported between the years 2001-2015).
Confirmed Lyme disease cases by month of disease onset–United States, 2001-2015 Source: CDC.gov

Rarer forms of Transmission

References

  1. General Information (2015). http://www.cdc.gov/ticks/index.html Accessed on December 30, 2015
  2. "Lyme disease: All - MayoClinic.com". Retrieved 2013-03-14.
  3. "Lyme disease data tables | Lyme Disease | CDC".
  4. "Data and Statistics | Lyme Disease | CDC".
  5. Lyme disease transmission. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/lyme/transmission/index.html Accessed February 9, 2016.


Template:WikiDoc Sources