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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GNB2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9799793">{{cite journal |vauthors=Glockner G, Scherer S, Schattevoy R, Boright A, Weber J, Tsui LC, Rosenthal A | title = Large-scale sequencing of two regions in human chromosome 7q22: analysis of 650 kb of genomic sequence around the EPO and CUTL1 loci reveals 17 genes | journal = Genome Res | volume = 8 | issue = 10 | pages = 1060–73 |date=Dec 1998 | pmid = 9799793 | pmc = 310788 | doi =  10.1101/gr.8.10.1060}}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2783| accessdate = }}</ref>
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{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_GNB2_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1b9x.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1b9x}}, {{PDB2|1b9y}}, {{PDB2|1gg2}}, {{PDB2|1got}}, {{PDB2|1gp2}}, {{PDB2|1omw}}, {{PDB2|1tbg}}, {{PDB2|1xhm}}, {{PDB2|2bcj}}, {{PDB2|2trc}}
| Name = Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2
| HGNCid = 4398
| Symbol = GNB2
| AltSymbols =;
| OMIM = 139390
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 68451
| MGIid = 95784
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GNB2_200852_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003924 |text = GTPase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component =  
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}}
  | Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 2783
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000172354
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_005264
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_005273
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 7
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 100109311
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 100114727
    | Hs_Uniprot = P62879
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 14693
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000029713
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010312
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034442
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 5
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 137757915
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 137763022
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3U9V4
  }}
}}
'''Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2''', also known as '''GNB2''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2783| accessdate = }}</ref>


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{{PBB_Summary
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| section_title =  
| summary_text = Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes. This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal transduction receptors and effectors. This gene contains a trinucleotide (CCG) repeat length polymorphism in its 5' UTR.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2783| accessdate = }}</ref>
| summary_text = Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes. This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal transduction receptors and effectors. This gene contains a trinucleotide (CCG) repeat length polymorphism in its 5' UTR.<ref name="entrez" />
}}
}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Downes GB, Gautam N |title=The G protein subunit gene families. |journal=Genomics |volume=62 |issue= 3 |pages= 544-52 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10644457 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1999.5992 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Downes GB, Gautam N |title=The G protein subunit gene families. |journal=Genomics |volume=62 |issue= 3 |pages= 544–52 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10644457 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1999.5992 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Dawson SJ, White LA |title=Treatment of Haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis with ciprofloxacin. |journal=J. Infect. |volume=24 |issue= 3 |pages= 317-20 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1602151 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Dawson SJ, White LA |title=Treatment of Haemophilus aphrophilus endocarditis with ciprofloxacin. |journal=J. Infect. |volume=24 |issue= 3 |pages= 317–20 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1602151 |doi=10.1016/S0163-4453(05)80037-4 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lovett M, Kere J, Hinton LM |title=Direct selection: a method for the isolation of cDNAs encoded by large genomic regions. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 21 |pages= 9628-32 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1946378 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Lovett M, Kere J, Hinton LM |title=Direct selection: a method for the isolation of cDNAs encoded by large genomic regions. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 21 |pages= 9628–32 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1946378 |doi=10.1073/pnas.88.21.9628  | pmc=52771 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Blatt C, Eversole-Cire P, Cohn VH, ''et al.'' |title=Chromosomal localization of genes encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunits in mouse and human. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 20 |pages= 7642-6 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2902634 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Blatt C, Eversole-Cire P, Cohn VH |title=Chromosomal localization of genes encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunits in mouse and human. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 20 |pages= 7642–6 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2902634 |doi=10.1073/pnas.85.20.7642  | pmc=282248 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Fong HK, Amatruda TT, Birren BW, Simon MI |title=Distinct forms of the beta subunit of GTP-binding regulatory proteins identified by molecular cloning. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 11 |pages= 3792-6 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3108879 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Fong HK, Amatruda TT, Birren BW, Simon MI |title=Distinct forms of the beta subunit of GTP-binding regulatory proteins identified by molecular cloning. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 11 |pages= 3792–6 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3108879 |doi=10.1073/pnas.84.11.3792  | pmc=304962 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gao B, Gilman AG, Robishaw JD |title=A second form of the beta subunit of signal-transducing G proteins. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 17 |pages= 6122-5 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3114742 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Gao B, Gilman AG, Robishaw JD |title=A second form of the beta subunit of signal-transducing G proteins. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 17 |pages= 6122–5 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3114742 |doi=10.1073/pnas.84.17.6122  | pmc=299020  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Buhl AM, Osawa S, Johnson GL |title=Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation requires two signal inputs from the human anaphylatoxin C5a receptor. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 34 |pages= 19828-32 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7649993 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Buhl AM, Osawa S, Johnson GL |title=Mitogen-activated protein kinase activation requires two signal inputs from the human anaphylatoxin C5a receptor. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 34 |pages= 19828–32 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7649993 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.34.19828  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ray K, Kunsch C, Bonner LM, Robishaw JD |title=Isolation of cDNA clones encoding eight different human G protein gamma subunits, including three novel forms designated the gamma 4, gamma 10, and gamma 11 subunits. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 37 |pages= 21765-71 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7665596 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Ray K, Kunsch C, Bonner LM, Robishaw JD |title=Isolation of cDNA clones encoding eight different human G protein gamma subunits, including three novel forms designated the gamma 4, gamma 10, and gamma 11 subunits. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 37 |pages= 21765–71 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7665596 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.37.21765 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Pumiglia KM, LeVine H, Haske T, ''et al.'' |title=A direct interaction between G-protein beta gamma subunits and the Raf-1 protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 24 |pages= 14251-4 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7782277 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Pumiglia KM, LeVine H, Haske T |title=A direct interaction between G-protein beta gamma subunits and the Raf-1 protein kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 24 |pages= 14251–4 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7782277 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.24.14251 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ueda N, Iñiguez-Lluhi JA, Lee E, ''et al.'' |title=G protein beta gamma subunits. Simplified purification and properties of novel isoforms. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 6 |pages= 4388-95 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8308009 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Ueda N, Iñiguez-Lluhi JA, Lee E |title=G protein beta gamma subunits. Simplified purification and properties of novel isoforms. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 6 |pages= 4388–95 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8308009 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Liang JJ, Cockett M, Khawaja XZ |title=Immunohistochemical localization of G protein beta1, beta2, beta3, beta4, beta5, and gamma3 subunits in the adult rat brain. |journal=J. Neurochem. |volume=71 |issue= 1 |pages= 345-55 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9648884 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Liang JJ, Cockett M, Khawaja XZ |title=Immunohistochemical localization of G protein beta1, beta2, beta3, beta4, beta5, and gamma3 subunits in the adult rat brain. |journal=J. Neurochem. |volume=71 |issue= 1 |pages= 345–55 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9648884 |doi= 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71010345.x }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Glöckner G, Scherer S, Schattevoy R, ''et al.'' |title=Large-scale sequencing of two regions in human chromosome 7q22: analysis of 650 kb of genomic sequence around the EPO and CUTL1 loci reveals 17 genes. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=8 |issue= 10 |pages= 1060-73 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9799793 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Kleiderlein JJ, Nisson PE, Jessee J |title=CCG repeats in cDNAs from human brain. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=103 |issue= 6 |pages= 666–73 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9921901 |doi=10.1007/s004390050889 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kleiderlein JJ, Nisson PE, Jessee J, ''et al.'' |title=CCG repeats in cDNAs from human brain. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=103 |issue= 6 |pages= 666-73 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9921901 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Asano T, Morishita R, Ueda H, Kato K |title=Selective association of G protein beta(4) with gamma(5) and gamma(12) subunits in bovine tissues. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 30 |pages= 21425–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10409705 |doi=10.1074/jbc.274.30.21425 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Asano T, Morishita R, Ueda H, Kato K |title=Selective association of G protein beta(4) with gamma(5) and gamma(12) subunits in bovine tissues. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 30 |pages= 21425-9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10409705 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Suzuki H, Fukunishi Y, Kagawa I |title=Protein-protein interaction panel using mouse full-length cDNAs. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=11 |issue= 10 |pages= 1758–65 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11591653 |doi= 10.1101/gr.180101 | pmc=311163 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Suzuki H, Fukunishi Y, Kagawa I, ''et al.'' |title=Protein-protein interaction panel using mouse full-length cDNAs. |journal=Genome Res. |volume=11 |issue= 10 |pages= 1758-65 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11591653 |doi= 10.1101/gr.180101 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Blake BL, Wing MR, Zhou JY |title=G beta association and effector interaction selectivities of the divergent G gamma subunit G gamma(13). |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 52 |pages= 49267–74 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11675383 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M106565200 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Blake BL, Wing MR, Zhou JY, ''et al.'' |title=G beta association and effector interaction selectivities of the divergent G gamma subunit G gamma(13). |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 52 |pages= 49267-74 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11675383 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M106565200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F |title=Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 9 |pages= 7220–6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12486123 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M210304200 |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | author=Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F, ''et al.'' |title=Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 9 |pages= 7220-6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12486123 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M210304200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Sprague RS, Bowles EA, Olearczyk JJ |title=The role of G protein beta subunits in the release of ATP from human erythrocytes. |journal=J. Physiol. Pharmacol. |volume=53 |issue= 4 Pt 1 |pages= 667–74 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12512701 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal | author=Sprague RS, Bowles EA, Olearczyk JJ, ''et al.'' |title=The role of G protein beta subunits in the release of ATP from human erythrocytes. |journal=J. Physiol. Pharmacol. |volume=53 |issue= 4 Pt 1 |pages= 667-74 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12512701 |doi=  }}
}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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Latest revision as of 08:51, 31 August 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB2 gene.[1][2]

Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), which integrate signals between receptors and effector proteins, are composed of an alpha, a beta, and a gamma subunit. These subunits are encoded by families of related genes. This gene encodes a beta subunit. Beta subunits are important regulators of alpha subunits, as well as of certain signal transduction receptors and effectors. This gene contains a trinucleotide (CCG) repeat length polymorphism in its 5' UTR.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Glockner G, Scherer S, Schattevoy R, Boright A, Weber J, Tsui LC, Rosenthal A (Dec 1998). "Large-scale sequencing of two regions in human chromosome 7q22: analysis of 650 kb of genomic sequence around the EPO and CUTL1 loci reveals 17 genes". Genome Res. 8 (10): 1060–73. doi:10.1101/gr.8.10.1060. PMC 310788. PMID 9799793.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide 2".

Further reading



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