Epithelioma: Difference between revisions

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==Treatment==
==Treatment==
Treatment usually involves surgically removing the tumor and affected tissue.
Treatment usually involves surgically removing the tumor and affected tissue.
=== Medical Therapy ===
 
*There is no treatment for [disease name]; the mainstay of therapy is supportive care.
*The mainstay of therapy for [disease name] is [medical therapy 1] and [medical therapy 2].
*[Medical therapy 1] acts by [mechanism of action1].
*Response to [medical therapy 1] can be monitored with [test/physical finding/imaging] every [frequency/duration].
=== Surgery ===
*Surgery is the mainstay of therapy for [disease name].
*[Surgical procedure] in conjunction with [chemotherapy/radiation] is the most common approach to the treatment of [disease name].
*[Surgical procedure] can only be performed for patients with [disease stage] [disease name].
=== Prevention ===
*There are no primary preventive measures available for [disease name].
*Effective measures for the primary prevention of [disease name] include [measure1], [measure2], and [measure3].
*Once diagnosed and successfully treated, patients with [disease name] are followedup every [duration]. Followup testing includes [test 1], [test 2], and [test 3].
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 19:26, 13 April 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Pilomatrixoma; Calcifying Epithelioma of Malherbe; Epithelioma cuniculatum; Carcinoma cuniculatum; Superficial epithelioma

Overview

Epithelioma is an abnormal growth of the epithelium, which is the layer of tissue that covers the surfaces of organs and other structures of the body.

Historical Perspective

  • Epithelioma cuniculatum was first discovered by Aird et al in 1954.[1]
  • Epithelioma cuniculatum is derived from the words epitheliomameans "tumor of the epithelium"and cuniculate refers to crypt-like spaces seen on histology that resemble rabbit burrows.

Classification

  • Epithelioma may be classified according to nature of tumor into 2 subtypes:

Pathophysiology

  • On gross pathology, bulky exophytic mass are characteristic findings of epithelioma.
  • On microscopic histopathological analysis, endophytic and exophytic growth pattern, histiocytes, eosinophils, plasma cells, hyperchromasia, and mitoses are characteristic findings of epithelioma.

Causes

  • Epithelioma may be caused by either trauma, chronic irritation,and HPV infection

Differentiating Epithelioma from other Diseases

  • Epithelioma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause skin masses, such as:
  • Seborrheic keratosis with sebaceous differentiation
  • Sebaceous hyperplasia
  • Sebaceous adenoma
  • Sebaceous carcinoma

Epidemiology and Demographics

Age

  • Epithelioma is more commonly observed among older patients above 50 years of age.

Gender

  • Male are more commonly affected with epithelioma than female.

Race

  • Epithelioma usually affects individuals of the Caucacian race.

Risk Factors

  • Common risk factors in the development of epithelioma are trauma, chronic irritation, and HPV infection.

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Prognosis

The prognosis varies dramatically, depending on the type and stage at the time of treatment. However, the most common epitheliomas are very easily treated and rarely result in death.

Diagnosis

Symptoms

  • Symptoms of epithelioma may include the following:
  • Painless swelling

Physical Examination

  • Physical examination may be remarkable for:
  • Nontender swelling

Laboratory Findings

  • There are no specific laboratory findings associated with epithelioma.

Other Diagnostic Studies

  • Epithelioma may also be diagnosed using biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment usually involves surgically removing the tumor and affected tissue.

References

  1. AIRD I, JOHNSON HD, LENNOX B, STANSFELD AG (1954). "Epithelioma cuniculatum: a variety of squamous carcinoma peculiar to the foot". Br J Surg. 42 (173): 245–50. PMID 13219306.

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